Title: Urologic Oncology-Seminars and Original Investigations

Title: Urologic Oncology-Seminars and Original Investigations

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? Mauri, D., Pentheroudakis, G., Tolis, C., Chojnacka, M. and Pavlidis, N. (2005), Inflammatory prostate cancer: An underestimated paraneoplastic clinical manifestation. Urologic Oncology-Seminars and Original Investigations, 23 (5), 318-322.

Full Text: 2005\Uro Onc-Sem Ori Inv23, 318.pdf

Abstract: Purpose: To identify the incidence of prostate cancer associated-systemic inflammatory syndrome (SIS), and to characterize further this entity, we searched our database as well as the medical literature. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all patients with prostate cancer admitted to the Department of Medical Oncology of the Ioannina University Hospital during the last 3 years. Systematic review of peer-reviewed medical literature was further performed at 3 major libraries (i.e., MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials). No publication year or language restriction was set in the literature search. Results: Retrospective analysis of our patient population identified 4 patients with a SIS (of 63 patients who were metastatic hormone resistant), in whom fever was a sign of disease progression. Inversely, only 4 cases of prostate cancer-related fever were found in the literature, in all of them at disease presentation. Consequently, the incidence of inflammatory syndrome in metastatic prostate cancer seems to be strongly underestimated. A SIS can be an early or late event during the course of the disease, and is generally associated with rapid progression and bad prognosis. Back pain, fatigue, night sweats, anemia, bone metastases, and bone marrow infiltration are the most commonly associated signs and symptoms. Because of occasional responses to hormonal or chemotherapeutic treatment, prompt differential diagnosis and therapy are required. Conclusions: the role of proinflammatory cytokines in biochemical pathways of neoplastic growth has been established in prostate cancer, along with evidence for high levels of interleukin (IL)-6 among patients with hormone refractory disease. However, little is known about the frequency of a SIS in patients with prostatic carcinoma. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Analysis, Back Pain, Bone, Cancer, Carcinoma, Cochrane, Diagnosis, Disease, Disease Progression, Fatigue, Fever, Frequency, Hospital, Incidence, Inflammatory Syndrome, Interleukin-6, ISI, ISI Web of Science, Literature, Medical, MEDLINE, Methods, Oncology, Pain, Paraneoplastic Manifestation, Patients, Prognosis, Progression, Prostate Cancer, Publication, Review, Science, Signs, Symptoms, Systematic, Systematic Review, Therapy, Treatment, University, Web of Science

? Anderson, M.S. and Steneck, N.H. (2011), The problem of plagiarism. Urologic Oncology-Seminars and Original Investigations, 29 (1), 90-94.

Full Text: 2011\Uro Onc-Sem Ori Inv29, 90.pdf

Abstract: Plagiarism is a form of research misconduct and a serious violation of the norms of science. It is the misrepresentation of another’s ideas or words as one’s own, without proper acknowledgement of the original source. Certain aspects of plagiarism make it less straightforward than this definition suggests. Over the past 30 years, the U.S. Federal Government has developed and refined its policies on misconduct, and Federal agencies, as well as research institutions, have established approaches to responding to allegations and instances of plagiarism. At present, efforts to avert plagiarism focus on plagiarism-detection software and instructional strategies. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Federal Definition of Plagiarism, Plagiarism, Research, Research Misconduct, Scientific Misconduct, Self-Plagiarism

? Garner, H.R. (2011), Combating unethical publications with plagiarism detection services. Urologic Oncology-Seminars and Original Investigations, 29 (1), 95-99.

Full Text: 2011\Uro Onc-Sem Ori Inv29, 95.pdf

Abstract: About 3,000 new citations that are highly similar to citations in previously published manuscripts that appear each year in the biomedical literature (MEDLINE) alone. This underscores the importance for the opportunity for editors and reviewers to have detection system to identify highly similar text in submitted manuscripts so that they can then review them for novelty. New software-based services, both commercial and free, provide this capability. The availability of such tools provides both a way to intercept suspect manuscripts and serve as a deterrent. Unfortunately, the capabilities of these services vary considerably, mainly as a consequence of the availability and completeness of the literature bases to which new queries are compared. Most of the commercial software has been designed for detection of plagiarism in high school and college papers; however, there is at least I fee-based service (CrossRef) and 1 free service (etblast.org), which are designed to target the needs of the biomedical publication industry. Information on these various services, examples of the type of operability and output, and things that need to be considered by publishers, editors, and reviewers before selecting and using these services is provided. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Biomedical, Biomedical Literature, Citation, Citations, Database, Literature, Papers, Plagiarism, Plagiarism Detection, Plagiarism Software, Publication, Publications, Review

? Fischer, B.A. and Zigmond, M.J. (2011), Educational approaches for discouraging plagiarism. Urologic Oncology-Seminars and Original Investigations, 29 (1), 100-103.

Full Text: 2011\Uro Onc-Sem Ori Inv29, 100.pdf

Abstract: Suggested approaches to reduce the occurrence of plagiarism in academia, particularly among trainees. These include (1) educating individuals as to the definition of plagiarism and its consequences through written guidelines, active discussions, and practice in identifying proper and improper citation practices; (2) distributing checklists that break the writing task into more manageable steps, (3) requiring the submission of an outline and then a first draft prior to the deadline for a paper; (4) making assignments relevant to individual interests; and (5) providing trainees with access to software programs that detect plagiarism. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Citation, Plagiarism, Writing

? Heitman, E. and Litewka, S. (2011), International perspectives on plagiarism and considerations for teaching international trainees. Urologic Oncology-Seminars and Original Investigations, 29 (1), 104-108.

Full Text: 2011\Uro Onc-Sem Ori Inv29, 104.pdf

Abstract: In the increasingly global community of biomedical science and graduate science education, many US academic researchers work with international, trainees whose views on scientific writing and plagiarism can be strikingly different from US norms. Although a growing number of countries and international professional organizations identify plagiarism as research misconduct, many international trainees come from research environments where plagiarism is ill-defined and even commonly practiced. Two research-ethics educators consider current perspectives on plagiarism around the world and contend that US research-training programs should focus on trainees’ scientific writing skills and acculturation, not simply on preventing plagiarism. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Acculturation, Biomedical, Education, International Trainees, Misconduct, Plagiarism, Professional, RCR Education, Research, Research Misconduct, Responsible Conduct, Scientific Writing, US, Writing, Writing Skills

? Kim, H.S., Kim, M., Jeong, C.W., Kwak, C., Kim, H.H. and Ku, J.H. (2014), Presence of lymphovascular invasion in urothelial bladder cancer specimens after transurethral resections correlates with risk of upstaging and survival: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Urologic Oncology-Seminars and Original Investigations, 32 (8), 1191-1199.

Full Text: 2014\Uro Onc-Sem Ori Inv32, 1191.pdf

Abstract: Objectives: This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between lymphovascular invasion (LVI) at transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) and the risk of pathologic upstaging as well as the clinical outcomes. Materials and methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from the respective dates of inception until November 11, 2013. Results: A total of 16 articles met the eligibility criteria for this systematic review, which included a total of 3,905 patients. LVI was detected in 18.6% of TURBT specimens. A significant association was found between LVI at TURBT and pathologic upstaging of bladder cancer (odds ratio = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.44-3.39) without heterogeneity (I-2 = 45%, P = 0.14). The pooled hazard ratio (HR) was statistically significant for recurrence-free survival (HR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.24-1.74), progression-free survival (HR = 2.28, 95% CI: 1.45-3.58), and disease-specific survival (HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.01-1.81), but not for overall survival (HR = 1.55, 95% CI: 0.90-2.67). Tests of inconsistency for disease-specific survival (I-2 = 66%, P = 0.007) and overall survival (I-2 = 72%, P = 0.03) could not exclude a significant heterogeneity. The results of the Begg and the Egger tests showed that there was evidence of publication bias on pathologic upstaging and progression-free survival. Conclusions: The data obtained in this meta-analysis indicate that the presence of LVI at TURBT portends the increased risk of pathologic upstaging and may provide additional prognostic information. However, a large, well-designed, prospective study is needed to investigate potential treatment options for bladder cancer with LVI. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Articles, Association, Bias, Bladder, Bladder Cancer, Cancer, Carcinoma, Clinical, Clinical Outcomes, Correlates, Criteria, Data, Databases, Evidence, Expression, From, Hazard, Hazard Ratio, Heterogeneity, Information, Lymphovascular Invasion, Materials, Meta Analysis, Meta-Analysis, Metaanalysis, Methods, Nov, Odds Ratio, Options, Outcomes, Overall Survival, P, Parameters, Patients, Potential, Predictor, Prognosis, Prognostic, Prognostic-Factors, Progression, Prospective, Prospective Study, Publication, Publication Bias, Pubmed, Radical Cystectomy Specimens, Recurrence, Results, Review, Rights, Risk, Science, Scopus, Stage, Statistics, Survival, Systematic, Systematic Review, Transurethral Resection, Treatment, Tumor, Urothelial Carcinoma, Web, Web of Science