Title: Journal of Cutaneous Pathology

Title: Journal of Dairy Science

ISO Abbreviated Title: J. Dairy Sci.

JCR Abbreviated Title: J Dairy Sci

ISSN: 0022-0302

Issues/Year: 12

Journal Country/Territory: United States

Language: English

Publisher: Amer Dairy Science Assoc

Publisher Address: 1111 N Dunlap Ave, Savoy, IL 61874

Subject Categories:

Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science Food Science & Technology: Impact Factor

? San, J.C. and Casado, E. (1983), Bibliometric analysis of cheese literature covered by the food science and technology abstracts in 1970 and 1980. Journal of Dairy Science, 66 (7), 1528-1535.

? Pell, A.N. (1997), Manure and microbes: Public and animal health problem? Journal of Dairy Science, 80 (10), 2673-2681.

Abstract: Most environmental concerns about waste management either have focused on the effects of nutrients, especially N and P, on water quality or have emphasized odor problems and air quality. Microbes from manure are often low on the priority list for control and remediation, despite the fact that several outbreaks of gastroenteritis have been traced to livestock operations. The pathogens discussed in this paper include protozoans (Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia spp.), bacteria (Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157 (H7, Salmonella spp., and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis), and some enteric viruses. Clinical symptoms, prospects for zoonotic infection, and control methods other than the use of antimicrobials are considered. Recommendations to avoid disease transmission include taking steps to ensure the provision of clean, unstressful environments to reduce disease susceptibility and the careful handling and spreading of manure from animals at high risk for infection, especially young calves. Composting and drying of manure decrease the number of viable pathogens. Environmental controls, such as filter strips, also reduce the risk of water contamination.

? Anderson, B.C. (1998), Cryptosporidiosis in bovine and human health. Journal of Dairy Science, 81 (11), 3036-3041.

Abstract: Cryptosporidiosis, which is caused by Cryptosporidium parvum and was discovered in mice at the turn of the century, emerged as a frequently reported intestinal disease of animals and humans in the 1980s when its zoonotic potential was recognized. In recent years, the public has become aware of severe cryptosporidiosis because of its incidence in AIDS patients and because of massive outbreaks of cryptosporidial enteritis among the general populace worldwide from contaminated drinking water. Livestock and human wastes that were laden with oocysts of cryptosporidia have been incriminated in some cases. Intestinal cryptosporidiosis of livestock causes a brief diarrheal disease and probably does not hinder lifetime production in most cases. However, serious disease and deaths may sometimes result from complications from other pathogens and various other detrimental factors. Adolescent and adult cattle can carry C. parvum but probably do not shed large numbers of the parasite. However, certain cattle of all ages shed billions of the apparently nonzoonotic Cryptosporidium muris, which also was first discovered in mice around the turn of the century. Cryptosporidium muris infects only the glands of the stomach (abomasum in cattle), usually causes no overt illness, but retards acid production. Protein digestion in the abomasum probably is retarded, and, in fact, milk production in cows that are chronically afflicted with C. muris is reduced about 13%. Growing calves may be adversely affected also. Therefore, as concerns the dairy industry, the discussion of cryptosporidia involves efficient cattle agriculture, public health, and the environment.

? Anderson, B.C. (1998), Cryptosporidiosis in bovine and human health. Journal of Dairy Science, 81 (11), 3036-3041.

Abstract: Cryptosporidiosis, which is caused by Cryptosporidium parvum and was discovered in mice at the turn of the century, emerged as a frequently reported intestinal disease of animals and humans in the 1980s when its zoonotic potential was recognized. In recent years, the public has become aware of severe cryptosporidiosis because of its incidence in AIDS patients and because of massive outbreaks of cryptosporidial enteritis among the general populace worldwide from contaminated drinking water. Livestock and human wastes that were laden with oocysts of cryptosporidia have been incriminated in some cases. Intestinal cryptosporidiosis of livestock causes a brief diarrheal disease and probably does not hinder lifetime production in most cases. However, serious disease and deaths may sometimes result from complications from other pathogens and various other detrimental factors. Adolescent and adult cattle can carry C. parvum but probably do not shed large numbers of the parasite. However, certain cattle of all ages shed billions of the apparently nonzoonotic Cryptosporidium muris, which also was first discovered in mice around the turn of the century. Cryptosporidium muris infects only the glands of the stomach (abomasum in cattle), usually causes no overt illness, but retards acid production. Protein digestion in the abomasum probably is retarded, and, in fact, milk production in cows that are chronically afflicted with C. muris is reduced about 13%. Growing calves may be adversely affected also. Therefore, as concerns the dairy industry, the discussion of cryptosporidia involves efficient cattle agriculture, public health, and the environment.

? Dufour, S., Frechette, A., Barkema, H.W., Mussell, A. and Soholl, D.T. (2011), Invited review: Effect of udder health management practices on herd somatic cell count. Journal of Dairy Science, 94 (2), 563-579.

Abstract: A systematic review of the scientific literature on relationships between management practices used on dairy farms and herd somatic cell count (SCC) was undertaken to distinguish those management practices that have been consistently shown to be associated with herd SCC from those lacking evidence of association. Relevant literature was identified using a combination of database searches (PUBMED, MEDLINE, CAB, Agricola, and Web of Science) and iterative screening of references. To be included in the review, a manuscript had to be published after 1979 in French, English, or Dutch; study design had to be other than case report or case series; herds studied had to be composed of >= 40 milking cows producing on average >= 7,000 kg of milk in 305 d; interventions studied had to be management practices applied at the herd level and used as udder health control strategies; and SCC had to be measured using electronic cell counting methods. The 36 manuscripts selected were mainly observational cross-sectional studies; 8 manuscripts dealt exclusively with automatic milking systems and 4 with management of calves and heifers and its effect on SCC in early lactation heifers. Most practices having consistent associations with SCC were related to milking procedures: wearing gloves during milking, using automatic take-offs, using postmilking teat dipping, milking problem cows last, yearly inspection of the milking system, and use of a technique to keep cows standing following milking; all were consistently associated with lower herd SCC. Other practices associated with lower SCC were the use of a freestall system, sand bedding, cleaning the calving pen after each calving, surveillance of dry-cow udders for mastitis, use of blanket dry-cow therapy, parenteral selenium supplementation, udder hair management, and frequent use of the California Mastitis Test. Regarding SCC of heifers, most of the consistent associations reported were related to interventions made during the peripartum period. Studies on automatic milking systems have frequently reported elevation of the herd SCC following transition to the new system. These elevations seemed to be mediated both by the lack of monitoring of chronically infected cows and by an elevated incidence of intramammary infections. By assembling the results reported in many different studies, this review generates a more comprehensive understanding of the management practices influencing SCC and highlights areas of SCC control knowledge that lack evidence of effectiveness.

Keywords: Automatic, Automatic Milking System, Automatic Milking Systems, Bulk Milk, Case Series, Clinical Mastitis, Control, Cows, Early Lactation, Effectiveness, Interventions, Intramammary Infections, Knowledge, Large Dairy Herds, Literature, Management, Monitoring, Prevalence, Primigravid Heifers, Pubmed, Review, Science, Screening, Somatic Cell Count, Staphylococcus-Aureus, Surveillance, Systematic, Systematic Review, Therapy, Web of Science