Title: Textile Research Journal

Title: Textile Research Journal

ISO Abbreviated Title: Text. Res. J.

JCR Abbreviated Title: Text Res J

ISSN: 0040-5175

Issues/Year: 12

Journal Country/Territory: United States

Language: English

Publisher: Textile Research Inst

Publisher Address: PO Box 625, Princeton, NJ 08540

Subject Categories:

Materials Science, Textiles: Impact Factor

Notes: highly cited

? Halsey, G., White, Jr., H.J. and Eyring, H. (1945), Mechanical properties of textiles. I. Textile Research Journal, 15 (9), 295-311.

Full Text: -1959\Tex Res J15, 295.pdf

? Halsey, G. and Eyring, H. (1945), The mechanical properties of textiles. II. A general theory of elasticity with application to partially rubber-like substances. Textile Research Journal, 15 (12), 451-459.

Full Text: -1959\Tex Res J15, 451.pdf

Abstract: This paper is concerned with the deformation of a number of essentially independent molecules or molecular segments distributed statistically with respect to the distance between the ends of the molecules. They are supposed to be free to assume many configurations as a result of thermal agitation except at certain points which are stabilized by chemical forces to form the more or less tightly held and thus well-defined ends of the molecules. The problem solved here is as follows: Given an equilibrium distribution as a function of certain parameters, and given the expression for bulk properties in terms of molecular coordinates, what is the form of the tension as a function of the elongation and the various parameters?

? Eyring, H. and Halsey, G. (1946), The mechanical properties of textiles. III. Textile Research Journal, 16 (1), 13-25.

Full Text: -1959\Tex Res J16, 13.pdf

? Stein, R., Halsey, G. and Eyring, H. (1946), Mechanical properties of textiles. IV. Textile Research Journal, 16 (2), 53-60.

Full Text: -1959\Tex Res J16, 53.pdf

? Eyring, H. and Halsey, G. (1946), Mechanical properties of textiles. V. The three-element model under any experimental conditions. Textile Research Journal, 16 (3), 124-129.

Full Text: -1959\Tex Res J16, 124.pdf

? Holland, H.D., Halsey, G. and Eyring, H. (1946), Mechanical properties of textiles. VI. A study of creep of fibers. Textile Research Journal, 16 (5), 201-210.

Full Text: -1959\Tex Res J16, 201.pdf

? Katz, S., Halsey, G. and Eyring, H. (1946), Supplementary data for “the mechanical properties of textiles, III”. Textile Research Journal, 16 (6), 284-285.

Full Text: -1959\Tex Res J16, 624.pdf

Abstract: We are publishing this communication which presents supplementary data from the authors and Mr. Katz in connection with Part III of the series “The Mechanical Properties of Textiles.” This paper appeared on page 13 of the January, 1946, issue of TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL.

? Halsey, G. and Eyring, H. (1946), Mechanical properties of textiles. VII. The visco-elastic properties of a wool fiber. Textile Research Journal, 16 (7), 329-334.

Full Text: -1959\Tex Res J16, 329.pdf

? Eyring, H. and Halsey, G. (1946), Mechanical properties of textiles. VIII. The stress-strain relationship of a plush fabric. Textile Research Journal, 16 (7), 335-337.

Full Text: -1959\Tex Res J16, 335.pdf

Abstract: In this paper the spring-dashpot theory which has been applied in previous papers in this series to single fibers and to yarns is applied here to the experimental investigations of a plush fabric which have been published by Fox and Schwarz. This serves to outline the experimental methods which should be followed if the data are to have maximum theoretical significance.

? Katz, S., Halsey, G. and Eyring, H. (1946), Mechanical properties of textiles. IX. A system showing a distribution of non-Newtonian viscous elements. Textile Research Journal, 16 (8), 378-381.

Full Text: -1959\Tex Res J16, 378.pdf

? Reichardt, C.H., Halsey, G. and Eyring, H. (1946), Mechanical properties of textiles. X. Analysis of steinberger data on creep of cellulose acetate filaments. Textile Research Journal, 16 (8), 382-389.

Full Text: -1959\Tex Res J16, 382.pdf

? Alexander, P. and Charman, D.A. (1950), The kinetics of wool dyeing. Part II. The adsorption of surface-active dyes by wool and other fibers. Textile Research Journal, 20 (11), 761-770.

Full Text: -1959\Tex Res J20, 761.pdf

Abstract: The kinetic curves for the adsorption on textile fibers of a dye having a long hydrocarbon chain (Carbolan Crimson BS) indicate that there is an initial rapid, but limited, reaction which is followed by a much slower reaction. The influence of electrolytes, dye concentration, and temperature was studied, and the magnitude of the initial adsorption was correlated with the surface activity of the solution. The dye thus taken up was shown to be located on the fiber surface which, being largely nonpolar, is an interface for adsorption of surface-active substances. It is suggested that the surface activity of the dye contributes substantially to its high anion affinity.

Medley, J.A. and Anderws, M.W. (1959), The effects of a surface barrier on uptake rates of dye into wool fibres. Textile Research Journal, 29, 398-403.

Full Text: -1959\Tex Res J29, 398.pdf

Abstract: It is shown that any surface barrier to the entry of a dye into a fiber must modify the form of the uptake-time relation, the barrier exerting its greatest influence in the early stages of sorption, but becoming progressively less important as sorption proceeds. This is manifested by an initially concave-upwards tendency in the uptake-timel curve. The analysis, which takes account of variable diffusion characteristics of fibers forming the assembly, is applied to the uptake of Naphthalene Orange G by wool, and a small but definite effect is found, which could for instance be attributed to the epicuticle.

Notes: MModel

? McGregor, R., Whitney, C.K. and Hamilton, R.L. (1965), Applicability of Fick’s law to diffusion and sorption data. Textile Research Journal, 35 (3), 279-280.

Full Text: 1960-80\Tex Res J35, 279.pdf

? Giles, C.H. and Haslam, R. (1977), Measurement of particle-size of a high-lightfastness direct dye in cellulose by para-nitrophenol adsorption. Textile Research Journal, 47 (5), 347-350.

Full Text: 1960-80\Tex Res J47, 347.pdf

Keywords: Adsorption, Cellulose, Dye

? Giles, C.H. and Haslam, R. (1978), Study of physical state of some water-soluble dyes in cellulose by para-nitrophenol adsorption. Textile Research Journal, 48 (8), 490-494.

Full Text: 1960-80\Tex Res J48, 490.pdf

Abstract: The p-nitrophenol adsorption method has been used to measure the specific surface of two direct dyes and an acid wool dye in various forms of cellulose. The state of association is then determined. At weak shade depths a monolayer of dye is formed on the internal surface of the substrate, but as the shade is deepened multilayers appear to form, and eventually these break up into three-dimensional aggregates. Association occurs more readily in “never-dried” regenerated cettutose film than in normal film and is not influenced by drying. There is a correspondence between the state of association of C.I. Direct Blue1 measured by the present method and heat of dyeing and specific gravity data of the same dye/film system, determined by Daruwalla and D’Silva.

Keywords: Adsorption, Cellulose, Dyes

? Madan, G.L. and Shrivastava, S.K. (1979), Physical chemistry of dyeing of cellulosic fibers with reactive dyes. Part I: Role of electrolytes in the sorption of hydrolyzed reactive dyes. Textile Research Journal, 49 (6), 322-325.

Full Text: 1960-80\Tex Res J49, 322.pdf

Abstract: The effect of different electrolytes on the sorption of the hydrolyzed form of four different reactive dyes has been investigated. The electrolytes studied were sodium, ammonium, lithium, and magnesium chlorides, and ammonium sulfate, which differ widely in their ability to increase the sorption of hydrolyzed reactive dyes by cellulose. Their relative efficiencies were in the order: ammonium chloride > ammonium sulfate > sodium chloride > lithium chloride  magnesium chloride. The effect of the electrolytes has been discussed in terms of partial screening of the urface charge on cellulose by the crowding of the cations at the cellulose-water interface, pH of the bath, and the ability to modify the structure of water. The ability of the electrolytes to modify the pH of the solution plays a dominant role in sorption increase at lower concentrations of electrolytes, whereas at higher concentrations the ability of the electrolytes to modify the cellulose-water interface plays a decisive role.

Etters, J.N. and Urbanik, A. (1983), An automated computation of diffusion equation solutions. Textile Research Journal, 53, 598-605.

Full Text: 1983\Tex Res J53, 598.pdf

Abstract: The range of applicability and the level of accuracy of the Wilson, Carman-Haul, and Crank equations and Shibusawa’s approximations are revealed through detailed numerical computations. Also discussed is a calculator program which completely automates the computations involved in describing finite and infinite bath diffusion in a cylinder, resulting in a general accuracy to 4-5 significant figures in Mt/M or (Dt/r²)^1/2.

? Espinosa-Jiménez, M. and Cano-Suárez, A. (1993), Effect of ethyl xanthogenate on sorption of an acid dye on polyester fibers. Part II: Kinetics and thermodynamics. Textile Research Journal, 63 (11), 667-674.

Full Text: 1993\Tex Res J63, 667.pdf

Abstract: Data are presented on the kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption of Sirius red 4B on untreated polyester fibers along with the uptake of the same acid dye on polyester fibers treated with constant amounts of potassium ethyl xanthogenate at different temperatures. Temperature increases of the system decrease the adsorption of Sirius red 4B on untreated polyester, but increase uptake on polyester treated with ethyl xanthogenate. Sorption equilibria, specific rate constants, diffusion coefficients, activation energy, standard affinity, enthalpy and entropy of reaction have been determined in these processes. The results show that adsorption of Sirius red 4B on untreated polyester in the temperature interval tested probably takes place by means of H-bonds between the phenolic hydroxyl groups of the dye and the carboxyl end-group of the polyester. Also, on the basis of these compounds’ molecular structures, the results suggest that dye uptake by treated polyester probably takes place by means of a nucleophilic attack of the negatively charged-S- group of the ethyl xanthogenate ion taken up by the fiber on the carbonyl group of Sirius red 4B.

Keywords: Electrokinetic Properties, Finite Baths, Cotton

? Espinosa-Jiménez, M. and Cano-Suárez, A. (1995), Effect of ethyl xanthogenate on the absorption of a cationic dye on polyester fibers: Zeta potential and sorption thermodynamics. Textile Research Journal, 65 (3), 171-177.

Full Text: 1995\Tex Res J65, 171.pdf

Abstract: Data are presented for the zeta potential, kinetics, and sorption thermodynamics of CI Brilliant Green on both untreated polyester fibers and polyester pretreated with constant amounts of potassium ethyl xanthogenate at different temperatures. The rising temperature of the system increases dye absorption on untreated polyester, and the rising temperature of absorption increases dye uptake on pretreated polyester. Cationic dye absorption is enhanced by increasing amounts of ethyl xanthogenate taken up by the fibers during pretreatment. The negative zeta potential of pretreated polyester rises when the amount of ethyl xanthogenate in the pretreatment is increased at low concentrations of dye solution. The zeta potential sign changes at high concentrations of cationic dye in the liquid phase. When the amount of ethyl xanthogenate in the pretreatment increases, there is a displacement of this sign inversion toward lesser concentrations. Absorption equilibria, empirical rate constants, activation energy, standard affinity, and enthalpy and entropy of reaction are determined for cationic dye absorption on untreated and pretreated polyester. The results and the molecular structure of the dye and ethyl xanthogenate suggest that the absorption of CI Brilliant Green on the pretreated polyester probably takes place by means of an electrostatic attraction between the dye cation and the negatively charged - S- groups of the ethyl xanthogenate.

Keywords: Electrokinetic Properties

? Espinosa-Jiménez, M., Gimenez-Martin, E. and Ontiveros-Ortega, A. (1997), Absorption of N-cetylpyridinium chloride on Leacril fibers: Kinetics and thermodynamics. Textile Research Journal, 67 (9), 677-683.

Full Text: 1997\Tex Res J67, 677.pdf

Abstract: Data are presented on the kinetics and thermodynamics of absorption of N-cetylpyridinium chloride (N-CP-Cl) by Leacril fibers at different temperatures. The increased temperature of the system increases the surfactant content of the fibers. The experimental time sorption isotherms are represented by the exponential kinetic equation, M-t = M-eq(1 - e(-kt)): where M-t and M-eq refer to the amounts of surfactant taken up by Leacril at time t and equilibrium, respectively, and k refers to the rate constant. The empirical rate constant decreases with temperature. Values of half-absorption time at different temperatures are presented. Sorption equilibria of N-CP-Cl by Leacril are described by a Freundlich isotherm equation. Changes of enthalpy and entropy related to the process of absorption are calculated from the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Isosteric heats of absorption are positive, between 20 and 120 kT/mol. The global change of entropy is positive, between 126 and 500 J/mol K. The best thermodynamic conditions for surfactant uptake by Leacril appear at the highest temperatures, when the standard free energy of absorption takes the most negative values. From the results, we find that the absorption of N-GP-Cl by Leacril in the temperature interval investigated takes place with establishment of chemical bonds, although physical contributions of an electrostatic nature between the cation of the surfactant and the sulphonate and sulfate end-groups of Leacril are the most important.

Keywords: Electrokinetic Properties, Adsorption, Sorption, Dye

Cleve, E., Bach, E., Denter, U., Duffner, H. and Schollmeyer, E. (1997), New mathematical model for determining time-dependent adsorption and diffusion of dyes into fibers through dye sorption curves in combination shades. Part I: Mathematical fundamentals. Textile Research Journal, 67 (10), 701-706.

Full Text: 1997\Tex Res J67, 701.pdf

Abstract: Dye uptake of textile substrates can be described as time-dependent by a new mathematical model, in which the sorption process is divided into fast and slow subprocesses. The fast subprocess describes the adsorption of the dye onto the fiber surface, and the slow one details the diffusion of the dye into the fiber. In addition, dye desorption is simultaneously considered along with adsorption. Relating this concept to the dyeing process, it is possible to divide the process into two parts-dye adsorption and diffusion. The model is verified by dyeing cotton with direct dyes, but the results are also transferable to other fibers and dye classes. Using this model, optimum dyeing parameters and dye combinations can be determined from the sorption curves, which are easily obtained by UV-VIS spectrophotometry.

? Sasaki, H., Morikawa, H. and Ito, H. (1999), Dyeing kinetics of CI Acid Orange 7 in multiple layers of a chemically modified wool fabric. Textile Research Journal, 69 (12), 944-948.

Full Text: 1999\Tex Res J69, 944.pdf

Abstract: When the concentration distribution of an acid dye in multiple layers of a chemically modified wool fabric is investigated, the concentration distribution curves have a sigmoidal shape. The adsorption isotherm is approximately described in terms of a Langmuir-type adsorption model. The dyeing rate curve shows the sorption delay during the initial stage of dyeing due to the diffusional boundary layer. We assume that the relationship between the diffusion coefficient D-f, dye concentration C, and constant alpha takes the form D-f = D-f(o) exp(alpha C). The diffusion parameters are estimated in such a way that the experimental data fit the theoretical curve of the concentration distribution based on the diffusional boundary layer model. The surface concentrations of the dye in multiple layers do not depend on the dyeing time, and they equal the equilibrium uptake. The constant surface concentration is explained by the affinity of the dye to the fibers.

Keywords: Diffusion

? Marzoug, I.B., Sakli, F. and Roudesli, S. (2009), Evaluation of dye sorption of reinforced zeolite esparto fiber. Textile Research Journal, 79 (4), 291-300.

Full Text: 2009\Tex Res J79, 291.pdf

Abstract: Rising concern about environmental issues has promoted the textile industry to investigate appropriate environmentally friendly treatment technology. Effluent aqueous waste containing dye compounds causes serious problems. Removal of dyes from the dye-containing effluents is currently based on a wide variety of physicochemical processes. The search for alternative and innovative wastewater treatment techniques has focussed on the use of biological materials. Activated carbon, zeolite and diatomite have been used as efficient methods for adsorption. For the first time, this paper reports on the use of reinforced zeolite esparto fiber as a cheaper alternative for the removal and absorbency of reactive dyes from aqueous solution. Reinforced zeolite esparto fibers were synthesized from cellulose esparto fibers pretreated with NaOH and preformed zeolite powders. Deposition of zeolite onto esparto fiber was made at fixed conditions of treatment and drying. Several techniques, such as infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, were used to characterize these materials. The obtained materials were treated with solution of reactive dyes in different conditions to evaluate their sorption capacities. This uptake from aqueous solution was found to be influenced by pH of the solution, temperature, salt quantity and initial dye concentration. Sorption of reinforced zeolite cellulosic esparto fibers increased as the initial dye concentration increased in the solution. Maximum absorption capacity for reinforced zeolite esparto fiber at equilibrium was evaluated with variation of pH, temperature and salts quantities. Equilibrium data fitted very well to the Langmuir model in the studied concentrations. The sorption data were found to follow the second-order kinetic model with r² of 0.97.

Keywords: Absorbency, Absorption, Absorption And Adsorption Capacities, Activated Carbon, Adsorption, Alternative, Aqueous Solution, Atomic Force Microscopy, Biological, Biosorption, Blue, Capacity, Carbon, Cellulose, Concentration, Concern, Data, Decolorization, Diatomite, Dye, Dyes, Effect of pH, Effluents, Electron Microscopy, Environmental, Environmentally Friendly, Equilibrium, Esparto Fiber, Esparto Fiber Reinforced Zeolite, Evaluation, Fibers, First, Force, Infrared, Infrared Spectroscopy, Kinetic, Kinetic Model, Langmuir, Langmuir Model, Mar, Methods, Microscopy, Model, NaOH, pH, Reactive Dyes, Removal, Removal of Dyes, Salt, Salts, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Second Order, Second-Order, Solution, Sorption, Spectroscopy, Techniques, Technology, Temperature, Temperature and Salt Quantity, Textile Industry, Treatment, Treatment Technology, Uptake, Waste, Wastewater, Wastewater Treatment, X-Ray, X-Ray Diffraction, Zeolite

? Farizadeh, K., Yazdanshenas, M.E., Montazer, M., Malek, R.M.A. and Rashidi, A. (2010), Kinetic studies of adsorption of madder on wool using various models. Textile Research Journal, 80 (9), 847-855.

Full Text: 2010\Tex Res J80, 847.pdf

Abstract: In this research, the kinetics of adsorption of madder on scoured wool and mordanted wool with aluminum sulfate was studied. First the madder solution was prepared and the main compounds, alizarin, purpurin and quinizarin (1, 4 dihydroxyanthraquinone) of madder were identified by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The values of CIELAB of samples dyed with madder at different temperatures and times were measured and the results confirmed that the adsorption of madder on wool is an exothermic process. The kinetic study of adsorption of madder on scoured wool and mordanted wool fiber was fitted by pseudo first order, pseudo second order, Elovich and intra-particle diffusion models at different temperatures. The results show that the kinetic study of adsorption of madder on scoured wool and mordanted fiber was fitted by the pseudo second order model. The activation energy and adsorption kinetic of the dyes extracted from madder on scoured wool and mordanted wool were also determined by the pseudo second order model. The results indicated that increase in temperature leads to a decrease in dye adsorption on both scoured and mordanted wool fibers. The HPLC analysis of dye effluent for scoured wool confirms that decrease in dyeing temperature leads to a decrease in remaining dye compounds in the effluent.

Keywords: Activation, Activation Energy, Adsorption, Adsorption Kinetic, Aluminum, Ammonia, Analysis, Chromatography, Cotton, Diffusion, Dye, Dye Adsorption, Dyeing, Dyes, Elovich, Energy, Exothermic, Fibers, First, First Order, High Pressure Liquid Chromatography, HPLC, Intra-Particle Diffusion, Intraparticle Diffusion, Kinetic, Kinetic Study, Kinetics, Kinetics Of Adsorption, Lac, Liquid, Madder, Model, Models, Mordant, Natural Dye, Pressure, Pseudo First Order, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo-First-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Research, Roots, Second Order, Second-Order, Solution, Sulfate, Temperature, Wool

? Yu, D., He, J.X., Ma, Y.H. and Wang, W. (2011), Mechanisms and kinetics of chelating reaction between chitosan and Pd(II) in chemical plating pretreatment. Textile Research Journal, 81 (1), 51-57.

Full Text: 2011\Tex Res J81, 51.pdf

Abstract: The adsorption capability and kinetics of the adsorption of Pd(II) on polyester fabric treated with chitosan have been studied. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out in which the experimental parameters such as the initial metal ion concentration, contact time and temperature were varied. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were employed to analyze the experimental data. The best approximation to the experimental data was given by the Langmuir isotherm and the maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 1.241 mg center dot g(-1) for Pd(II) on chitosan. The kinetic data were analyzed using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The data correlated well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating that the chemical sorption was the rate-limiting step. The thermodynamic parameters like Gibbs free energy (ΔGº), enthalpy (ΔHº) and entropy (ΔSº) were also evaluated by applying the Van’t Hoff equation. The results indicated the exothermic nature of the adsorption process. This study offers a general model for the study of the kinetics of reactions between chitosan and metal ions on a polyester fabric base. It could be confirmed that the Pd-chitosan layer was deposited on polyester fabric when observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning probe microscopy (SPM).

Keywords: Adsorption, Adsorption Behavior, Adsorption Capacity, Aqueous-Solutions, Batch Adsorption, Beads, Capacity, Chemical, Chitosan, Concentration, Data, Derivatives, Dye, Electron Microscopy, Energy, Enthalpy, Entropy, Equilibrium, Exothermic, Experimental, Experiments, Freundlich, Freundlich Isotherm, General, Gibbs Free Energy, Ions, Isotherm, Kinetic, Kinetic Model, Kinetic Models, Kinetics, Langmuir, Langmuir Isotherm, Mechanisms, Metal, Metal Ions, Metal-Ions, Model, Models, Pd(II), Pretreatment, Pseudo First Order, Pseudo Second Order, Pseudo-First-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order, Pseudo-Second-Order Kinetic Model, Rate Limiting Step, Rate-Limiting Step, Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM, Sorption, Temperature, Thermodynamic, Thermodynamic Parameters, Thermodynamics