Pestvidéki Ásványbánya Vállalat



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Sík, Sándor (Alexander) (Budapest, 20 January 1889 - Budapest, 28 September 1963) – Cleric, religious and literary writer, translator of literary works and poet. He is the elder brother of Endre (Andre) Sík. He joined the Piarist Order in 1903, after earning his Degree in Education at the University of Budapest. Then he taught in a high school at Vác, later in the Piarist High School of Budapest from 1911 on. From 1930 to 1944 he was Professor of Hungarian Literature at the University of Szeged. In 1948 he became the Provincial of the Piarist Province of Hungary, and Editor of the monthly, Vigilia from 1946. His religious orations earned him international fame and he was one of the noteworthy Hungarian lyricists of the 20th century. His analysis on literary history and works on esthetics display subtle details in his writings; they appeared also in English, German and French. He was a member of the Petőfi Society and, from 1923, a member of the Kisfaludy Society. His poems wrestle not only with religious matters, but also with problems of modern society. He was a fine translator of literary works. Sík was one of the founders of the Scout Movement in Hungary. He was a corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (1946-1949). His works include Seven Nice Stories (Hét szép historia) short stories (1921); Gárdonyi, Ady, Prohászka (1929); Pázmány, the Man and the Writer (Pázmány az ember és az író) (1939); All the Poems of Sándor Sík (1941); Esthetics (1943), and Book of Psalms (Zsoltárok könyve) (1961). He was awarded the Kossuth Prize in 1948. – B: 1150, 0883, 1257, T: 7456.→Sík, Endre.
Siklós, Albert (Budapest, 26 June 1878 - Budapest, 3 April 1942) – Cellist, composer and musicologist. He was a student of János (John) Koessler. From 1901 to 1904 he was a special member of the Philharmonic Society of Budapest. He went on a study trip to France in 1903, to Germany in 1906, and to Italy in 1907. He taught in the Fodor School of Music (1903-1945), Budapest, from 1905 to 1919. From 1910 he was a teacher at the Ferenc (Franz) Liszt Academy of Music in Budapest. In 1919 he became a member of the Examining Board of the National Conservatory of Music during the rule of the Hungarian Council (Soviet) Republic. From 1920 to 1922 he was a member of the Musical Art Council; in 1926 became Ministerial Commissioner. From 1928 to 1937 he edited the journal Music (A Zene). He wrote the factual part of the Encyclopedia of Music in 1923. He published papers on music history and the history of musical instruments and esthetics. He wrote, among others Theory of Orchestration (Hangszereléstan) (1908-1910); Theory of Counterpoint (Ellenponttan) (1913), and Handbook of Harmonization (A harmonizálás kézikönyve) (1923). – B: 0883, 0881, T: 7456.→Koessler, János.
Siklós, József (Joseph) (Budapest, 14 July 1920 - Budapest, 5 June 1983) – Minister of the Reformed Church. He was born into a Jewish family. His high school studies were completed in 1938. On the advice of his dentist father he completed a dental technician course, but he did not practice it. He lived from occasional writings and translations. While he was in a forced labor camp and in hiding in 1944, he became acquainted with the life-saving mission of the Reformed Church. On 3 September 1945 he joined the Reformed Theological Academy in Budapest, where he completed his studies in 1950. He was ordained a pastor in 1959. From 1950 he worked as Assistant Minister in several congregations in Budapest. Between 1959 and 1982 he was Parish Minister in Jászkisér on the Great Hungarian Plain. At the end of the 1940s, he joined the working party of the Alcoholic Life-saving Mission, run by Doctor Károly (Charles) Szalay. From 1981 until his death, he was the Secretary of this Mission. He was killed in a train accident. His poems and articles appeared in the papers Life and Future (Élet és Jövő); Revival (Megújhodás); The Way (Az Út); Illustrated Calvin Calendar (Képes Kalvin Kalendárium), and Sowing and Harvesting (Vetés és Aratás). His other works include Minstrel among the Ruins (Regős a romok közt) poems (1946); Exchanging Drinking Glasses (Pohárcsre) (1984), and Teenagers are Corresponding (Tizenévesek leveleznek) 1988). – B: 0883, 1105, T: 7456.
Simándi, Ágnes (Budapest, 1 September 1954 - ) – Poet. She attended the Pázmány Péter Roman Catholic Theological Academy (1987). She continued her education at Trinity College, University of Toronto, Canada, and received a Master of Divinity Degree in 1991. Her poems appeared in periodicals in Budapest, Chicago, Toronto and Vancouver. She published three books of poetry: A Season of Narcissi (Nárciszok évada) (1987); Forbidden Play (Tiltott játék) (1993), and Experiment only, an Approach (Csak kisérlet, közelítés) (1998). – B: 0892, T: 4342.
Simándy, József (Joseph) (Kistarcsa, east of Budapest, 18 September 1916 - Budapest, 4 March 1997) – Opera singer (tenor). He began his studies privately in the school of Emilia Posszert, and continued at the Academy of Music in Budapest from 1943 to 1945. He sang in the Opera House choir from 1940 to 1945. Following World War II, he sang as solo tenor at the National Theater (Nemzeti Színház) of Szeged, where he made his first appearance as Don José in Bizet’s Carmen. From 1947 he was a soloist of the Opera House, Budapest; in 1990 he became its life member. From 1956 to 1960 he performed at the Staatsoper of Munich; between 1978 and 1986 he was Professor of Voice at the Academy of Music. He sang the whole operatic tenor repertoire, playing outstandingly in Verdi’s operas, as well as in Wagner and Puccini operas, and in the operas by Hungarian composers. His artistry was extraordinarily rich in shades of tone. The unusual radiance of his voice was uniform over his full range. His singing technique, appearance, mannerism, rich tone of voice and inner strength all rendered him particularly suitable for appearing in heroic tenor roles. In the post-World War II period he was the foremost singer of the Opera House. Simándy made a number of recordings with Hungaroton, Supraphon and Deutsche Gramophongesellschaft. He often appeared over the air and in television and he scored successes in the major opera houses of Europe. Unforgettable is his interpretation of the bán in Erkel’s Bánk bán, as well as Kodály’s Psalmus Hungaricus. His roles included Radames in Verdi’s Aïda; Manrico in Verdi’s Il Trovatore (A Trubadur); Don Cavaradossi in Puccini’s Tosca; Turiddu in Mascagni’s Cavalleria Rusticana (Parasztbecsület), and Walter in Wagner’s Meistersinger von Nürnberg (A nürnbergi mesterdalnokok). He was awarded the Kossuth Prize in 1953, the Merited Artist Title in 1962, and the Outstanding Artist Title in 1964. He also received the Bartók-Pásztory Prize in 1990. – B: 1031, 1445, T: 7456.→Erkel, Ferenc; Kodály, Zoltán.
Simándy, Pál (Paul) (Ferenc Gombos) (Igrici, 5 January 1891 - Budapest, 11 August 1978) – Writer, journalist. He studied Theology at the Reformed College of Sárospatak (1909-1913). He was a traveling secretary of the Hungarian Christian Evangelical Students’ Association (1913-1915); a teacher of religion at Losonc (now Lučenec, Slovakia) (1915-1917) and then in the Capital, Budapest. He had been affected by the revolutionary times of 1918-1919, and he broke with his church career. He moved to Igrici and took part in the local political activities, as a result of which he was imprisoned from January to August 1920. From 1920 to 1931 he lived in Losonc. He was one of the leaders of the Hungarian literary-cultural life of the town and of all Slovakia, and one of the founders of the Madách Circle of Losonc (1923). He was a correspondent of Our Paper (Mi Lapunk) (1928-1929). His best-known work, an essay, appeared in Losonc, entitled The Lost Sermon on the Mount (Az elsikkadt hegyibeszéd) (1932), in which he was dealing with the Christian basis of his peculiar socialistic view. In 1931 he returned to Hungary and in Budapest he became an associate editor of the newspapers of Endre Bajcsy-Zsilinszky’s Vanguard (Előörs); Freedom (Szabadság); Independent Hungary (Független Magyarország), and Free Word (Szabad Szó). In 1942 he edited the daily Tiscia (Tiszántúl) of Debrecen, and from 1942 he was an editor of the publishing company Hungarian Life (Magyar Élet). From 1945 until his retirement in 1949 he worked as Section Head of the Ministry of Education and Religion, in Budapest, dealing with adult education. Later, he published smaller studies on history of literature and recollections. His works included The Road of Hungarian Calvinism (A magyar kálvinizmus útja) (1927) and Student at the Turn of the Century (Diák a századfordulón), autobiographical novel (1966). – B: 0883, 1257, T: 7456.
Simon, István (Stephen) (Bazsi, 14 September 1926 - Budapest, 7 July 1975) – Poet, essayist, translator of literary works. He was born into a poor peasant family in Bazsi in County Veszprém. He went to the primary school of his native village and the high school in Sümeg. In December of 1944 he was called up for military service, fell into Soviet captivity on Hungarian soil, but taken to Russia, from where he returned in 1947. He completed his interrupted high school studies and passed the maturity examination. From 1948 he attended the Arts Course at the Eötvös College of the University of Budapest, obtaining a Degree in Hungarian and German Language and Literature. From 1948 his poems appeared in the papers, Star (Csillag) and New Voice (Új Hang). From 1952 to 1955, he was a correspondent for the cultural column of the paper Free People (Szabad Nép); between 1955 and 1956, he was Editor-in-Chief of New Voice (Új Hang); from 1957 one of the founders and columnists of the journal Contemporary (Kortárs); from 1964 to 1971 its Editor-in-Chief. From 1963 he was a Member of Parliament; from 1971 till his death, he taught Hungarian Literature at the Academy of Dramatic and Cinematic Art; and from 1971 he was Secretary of the Hungarian Writers’ Association. He left behind 25 volumes of poems, essays, translations and other literary works, including Apple Trees (Almafák) (1962); In Eternal Circle (Örök körben) (1973); Hungarian Literature (essay, 1973), and Writing Rooms (Írószobák) interview (1976). He was a recipient of the Attila József Prize (1952, 1954, 1967), the Kossuth Prize (1955), and the Graves Prize (1975). – B: 1031, 1122, 1257, T: 7456.
Simon, Lajos (Louis) (Budapest, 15 August 1907 - Budapest, 25 June 1977) – Orthopedic surgeon. He earned his Medical Degree at the University of Budapest in 1931; as a student he won a scholarship from the Anatomy Department of the University. From 1932 to 1947 he was a trainee surgeon, demonstrator at the No II Surgical Clinic. On scholarship he went to Munich to study the latest methods in orthopedic surgery. Between 1947 and 1952 he was Head Orthopedic Physician in the Postmen’s Hospital; from 1952 to 1956 Assistant Professor at the Orthopedic Clinic of the University of Budapest. In 1953 he was honored with the Research Prize of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. From 1956 to 1977 he worked as an orthopedic surgeon, and head physician and Deputy Director in the Orthopedic Research Institute. He investigated the problem of how to make provisions for those children who suffer from poliomyelitis, also sought various solutions for operations, to find ways and means to lead the patients back to normal life; and finally to find a solution to solve the problems of the pathology of abrasional bone and articular-deformations and their surgical treatment. – B: 1730, T: 7456.

Simon, Sándor (Alexander) (Budapest, 18 May 1901 - Budapest, 13 June 1877) – Physician, pharmacologist. He received his Medical Degree from the University of Budapest in 1926. From 1923 to 1939 he was a research fellow of the Pharmacological Institute there; from 1927 he did further studies on scholarship in Germany, and in 1932- 1933 in the USA. In 1939 he became an honorary lecturer in Pharmacology. From 1939 to 1945 he was a pharmacologist at the REX Works, and from 1942 to 1952 at the Pharma Pharmaceutical Factory. Between 1952 and 1954 he was Head of the Immunological Laboratory of the Research Institute of the Pharmaceutical Industry and, from 1954 to 1972 Leader of the Pharmaceutical Industrial Controlling Laboratory. He manufactured the drug Neosalvarsan in Hungary. He also dealt with the control-verification of drugs. – B: 1730, T: 7456.
Simonffy, Gyula (Julius) (Budapest, 29 October 1925 - Budapest, 4 September 2007) – Architect. He finished his high school studies in Budapest, and completed practical training in Copenhagen and Stockholm (1945-1947). He qualified as an engineer at the Technical University of Budapest in 1949. He worked as a designer and was an assistant professor at the University until 1956. In 1956 he went to Sweden, joined HSB Co. as a designer and planned more than 9,000 homes throughout Sweden. His more noted designs are on display at the Museum of the History of Architecture. He designed the Spelet Residential District of Norrköping, and received first prize for his design of the Ulmear Theater in an international competition. He participated in an exhibition in Budapest at the Exhibition Pavilion (Műcsarnok) in 1982 for artists living outside of Hungary and, later, he went to China for a lecture tour, where he had his own designed buildings. Since 1976 he had specialized in designing homes for retired people. In Hungary, there are industrial buildings designed by him, e.g. the Vác Danube Cement Factory and a Cement Factory at Hejőcsaba. He was a member of the Society of Hungarian Architects (Magyar Építőművészek Szövetsége). His design of the Residential District of Norrköping is in the Swedish Architectural Museum. There was an exhibition of the works and family of Gyula Simonffy in the Déri Museum of Debrecen in 2005. – B: 2066, T: 7663.
Simonides, János (John) (Szepesolaszi, now Spišské Vlachy, Slovakia, 1650 - Besztercebánya, now Banská Bystrica, Slovakia, 1708) – Lutheran pastor, professor. After finishing school, he taught in Breznóbánya, and in 1674 he became a school principal. He was summoned to a court martial at Pozsony (now Bratislava, Slovakia) because of his faith, spent nine months in jail in Lipótvár (now Leopoldov, Slovakia) then he was sent as galley slave to Naples. He spent a year in slavery on a Spanish galley and was released along with 26 other preachers; he departed to Wittenberg, where several of his scientific writings were published. In 1681 he returned to Hungary to minister in several places. In 1704 he became pastor of the Slovak Lutheran congregation of Besztercebánya. – B: 0883, T: 7682.→“Decade of Mourning”; Kollonich, Lipót; Galley-slavery; Ruyter, Michiel de; Sélyei M. István.
Simonovits, István (Stephen) (Bácskeresztúr, now Ruski-Krstur, Serbia, 33 km southeast of Zombor, 24 December 1907 - Budapest, 12 May 1985) – Physician, hematologist. From 1932 to 1940 he was an assistant physician in the internal medicine section of the Polyclinic, Budapest. He dealt mainly with circulatory illnesses and hematology. Between 1940 and 1945 he was a family physician, and a sports doctor, and in 1945 an ambulance doctor. Between 1945 and 1963 he served in the Ministry of Public Welfare, then the Ministry of Public Health; from 1945 he was head of a department; and during 1957 and 1963 he was Deputy Minister. From 1960 to 1978 he became Professor and Head at the Health Organizing Department of the Medical University. From 1964 he was Director of the National Hematological Institute. From 1948 he was also the Head of the program of building and developing hospitals. Simonovits set up an isotope laboratory and developed the network of medical libraries at the clinics. One of his chief endeavors was to reduce infant mortality. His most significant action was the introduction of the anti-D prevention in Hungary, with the resulting cessation of newborn hemolytic illness caused by RH incompatibility. He was engaged in anemia epidemiology, developed the serum IRMA and the method of loctopheritim RIA. He launched the journal Medical Training (Orvosképzés) and he published 162 scientific papers, receiving a number of prizes (State Prize, Markusovsky Memorial Medal, etc.). He was a corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (1985). His works include Über die optische Aktivität des Hämoglobins (1931); The Public Health of the Village (A falu egészségügye) (1948), and Community Public Health and Organization of Public Health (Társadalomegészégügy és egészégügyi szervezéstudomány) (1966). – B: 1730, T: 7456.
Simonyi, Charles (Károly Simonyi) (Budapest, 10 September 1948 - ) – Software developer, cosmonaut and researcher of “intentional programming”. The first time he dealt with computation technology was in his high school years. In 1966 he went to Denmark, where he worked for the computation technology firm Regnecentralen. In 1968 he moved to the USA and, at Berkley University, he studied under such scholars as Gordon E. Moore and Andrew S. Grove (András Gróf). He obtained a Degree in Engineering Mathematics. While pursuing further studies at Stanford University, he worked at Xerox PARC. With his associate, he developed a true-to-form (WYSIWYG) word-processor. In 1972 he obtained a Ph.D. in computer science. From 1981 to 2002 he worked at Microsoft, conducting the development of the Word and the Excel systems, and developing the Hungarian transcription for the naming of the variables. With an associate, he founded the International Software Company in 2002. During his career, he amassed an enormous private fortune (ca. $1,000 million US) and he pursued a noteworthy activity as a patron, supporting various programs in art, science and public education. At the University of Oxford, he founded a professorial scholarship, the Charles Simonyi Professor of the Public Understanding of Science. In 2004, with $50 million he established the Charles Simonyi Foundation in Arts and Sciences. On 7 April 2007, he departed on his 11-day space travel in Soyuz TMA-10, and returned on 21 April. In 26 March 2009, aboard Soyuz TMA-14, he made a second trip to the International Space Station and returned on 8 April. He became the second Hungarian cosmonaut and the fifth and seventh cosmo-tourist. He was awarded the Middle Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary in 2006. A special school in Pécs bears his name. – B: 1031, 1081, 1836, T: 7456.→Space travelers, Hungarian.→Grove, Andrew S.
Simonyi, Count József (Joseph) (Nagykálló, 18 February 1777 - Arad, now in Romania, October 1837) – Hussar officer. His father was a butcher. He enlisted in the Army as a volunteer and fought so valiantly that in 1802 he won the Maria Theresa Order as a Hussar Lieutenant and, as a result, he received the Austrian title of Count in 1806, and in 1815 the Hungarian title of Count. Later, he was promoted to the rank of Colonel. He participated, among others, in the battles at Wagram and Leipzig. In 1828 he was suspended from his regimental command. For four years he was under investigation. On April 23 1832 he was stripped of his rank and received several years’ imprisonment. He died half a year later in prison. The reason of his sentencing has not yet been cleared up. – B: 0883, T: 7684.
Simonyi, Zsigmond (Sigismund) (Veszprém, 1 January 1853 - Budapest, 22 November 1919) – Linguist. He studied at the Universities of Budapest, Leipzig, Berlin and Paris. On returning to Hungary, he became an honorary lecturer at the University of Budapest. From 1878 he was acting professor and from 1889 professor in the Hungarian Linguistic Society. He edited the journal, Hungarian Language Guardian (Magyar Nyelvőr) from 1895, and the Linguistic Fascicules (Nyelvészeti Füzetek) from 1903. He also edited a German-Hungarian Dictionary, assisted by József (Joseph) Balassa. As a teacher, as well as a scholar, he achieved significant results. For four decades he taught and trained generations of linguists. His work covered almost the whole field of linguistics. He developed the comparative syntax, made studies of adverbs, conjunctions and attributes; popularized the results of linguistics and grammar in schools. He also dealt with the correctness in language; in 1903 he was commissioned by the Minister of Education to prepare a new schoolbook of spelling, and this system of orthography became accepted virtually by the entire literary life. During the Hungarian (Soviet) Council Republic period in 1919, because of his political stance, he was persecuted and this broke him down in spirit. He was a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. – B: 0883, 1031, 1257, T: 7456.→ Szarvas, Gábor.

Simor Codex – This language relic was written at the beginning of the 16th century, a fragment of seven letters in a small 1/8th size thin skin Codex. The manuscript contains some fragments of the life of St Francis of Assisi that are similar to the equivalent parts of the Virginia Codex. It was copied by the sixth hand of the Codex of Debrecen, and was named after its donor, János (John) Simor, Cardinal of Esztergom; it is now stored in the National Széchényi Library. – B: 1150, 1078, T: 3240.→Codex Literature.
Simor, Erzsi (Elizabeth) (Budapest, 7 July 1913 - Budapest, 2 February 1977) – Actress. After obtaining her teacher’s diploma (Dip.Ed.), she continued her studies at Sándor Góth’s College of Dramatic Art. She started her career in the Hungarian Theater (Magyar Színház); later she played at a number of other companies, e.g. Royal Variety, Andrássy Avenue Theater (Andrásssy-úti Színház) and the New Hungarian Theater (Új Magyar Színház) Budapest. Prior to 1945 she mainly achieved success with her beauty; but with the passing of years her artistry was increasingly perfected. After 1945, first, she was a member of the Csokonai Theater (Csokonai Színház) of Debrecen; later, she was a member of the National Theater (Nemzeti Színház) of Pécs and, in 1959 she moved toBudapest, becoming a member of the Madách Theater (Madách Színház), where she became well known for her exactingly formulated playing. Erzsi Simor’s roles include title role in Schiller’s Maria Stuart; Lady Milford in Schiller’s Love and Intrigue (Ármány és szerelem), and Gertrud in Shakespeare’s Hamlet. She appeared in film for the first time in 1936 in Tommy, the Frozen Child (Tomi a megfagyott gyermek). Her feature film roles include John the Brave (János vitéz) (1938); Wild Rose (Vadrózsa) (1939); Vision by the Lake (Tóparti látomás) (1940); Appearance is Deceptive (A látszat csal) (1943); Dearest Anna (Édes Anna) (1958); The Tragedy of Man (Az ember tragédiája) (TV film, 1969), and A Fine Hungarian Comedy (Szép magyar komédia) (1970). She was one of the most popular actresses of her time. – B: 0883, 1445, T: 7456.
Simor, János (John) (Székesfehérvár, 23 August 1813 - Esztergom, 23 January 1891) – Archbishop of Esztergom, Cardinal, Prince Primate of Hungary. He received his secondary schooling in his hometown, then in Buda, Pozsony (now Bratislava, Slovakia), and matriculated at the Emericanum, Pozsony (1827-1829). He studied Philosophy in Nagyszombat (now Trnava, Slovakia) and Theology in Vienna at the Pazmaneum; he was ordained into the priesthood in 1836. In 1837 he was Parish Priest in Terézváros, a district of Pest. In 1839, due to his oratorical talent he was appointed teacher of Ecclesiastical Oratory and Doctrine. By 1840 he was Prefect at the Pazmaneum, and obtained his Doctorate in History in 1841. From 1846 he was Parish Priest in Bajna, then a teacher at the Esztergom Seminary. In 1846 he was appointed Vicar of the Esztergom Archdiocese; later, in 1847 was appointed Secretary to the Archbishop. From 1850 he was Director at the Augustineum in Vienna. In 1851 he was Councilor of the Ministry of Religion and Education, Vienna. He was appointed Bishop of Győr, where he founded a minor seminary and an education institute for girls, and built a Monastery for the Sisters of Misericordia. He also renovated a number of church buildings, and established a retirement fund for priests. He was made Canon at Székesfehérvár and Abbot at Széplak. In 1867 he was made Archbishop of Esztergom and the Prince Primate of Hungary. On 8 June 1867, he crowned Francis (Ferenc) Joseph King of Hungary in Buda. In 1873 he was made Cardinal by Pope Pius IX. He completed the construction of the Basilica in Esztergom, furbished its treasury, founded the Christian Museum, and an Archbishop’s Library in Esztergom that was later named after him. As a patron of the arts, he enriched numerous churches with art works, raised a memorial for Hungarian heroes: János (John) Hunyadi, Péter Pázmány, and György (George) Szondi. He opened the first staining school for glass painting, and supported the publishing of important literary works. He played an important role in settling the relationship between the State and the Church. He was a member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (1867) and participated in the First Vatican Synod (1869-1870). His works include Religio (1872); Pastoral Letters…vols. i-x (Pásztori levelek…I-X (Győr, 1857-1867); Circulares Litterae ad Clerum Archi-Dioec. Strigoniensis, vols. i-xix (Esztergom 1867-1885); and Homilies (Szentbeszédek) (1892). His statue is in the Basilica of Esztergom. – B: 0883, 0942, 0945, T: 7103.→Hunyadi, János; Pázmány, Péter Szondi, György.

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