Planet Debate 2011 September/October l-d release Animal Rights
AT: “Extending Rights to Apes Kills AIDS Research”
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AT: “Extending Rights to Apes Kills AIDS Research”TURN - AIDS RESEARCH ON APES IS COUNTERPRODUCTIVE – DIFFERENCES CAUSE SCIENTISTS TO MISS VACCINES Rachel Nowak, PhD and Editor of the New Scientist. “Dying So We Might Live”. The New Scientist. 1999 http://www.animalliberationfront.com/Philosophy/Animal%20Testing/Vivisection/newscientaids.htm But Prince claims the chimp experiments are flawed. The virulent HIV strains are more aggressive than the strains that usually infect people, he says, so potentially effective vaccines could get overlooked. Fultz disagrees: "The strain I have is very much like HIV in humans."
Murry J. Cohen, M.D. and Stephen R. Kaufman, M.D. and Brandon P. Reines, M.D. 1995 “Aping Science Summary: A Critical Analysis of Research at the Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center”. Medical Research Modernization Committee http://www.mrmcmed.org/ape.html Inadvertent human exposure to lethal nonhuman-primate viruses during experimental procedures could initiate devastating epidemics. For example, hundreds of millions of people were innoculated with a polio vaccine contaminated with the simian virus SV40, and this population has experienced a higher than normal rate of certain tumors. Similarly, HIV and hepatitis B likely came from human exposure to chimpanzees, perhaps in their capture or use for research. There is no way to test for unknown viruses, and viruses hidden in nonhuman-primate DNA could have fatal consequences for humans. Already the virulent herpes-family "B" monkey viruses have infected at least twenty-five people associated with nonhuman-primate research, killing 16 of them. There is also reason to fear Ebola viruses, which have been responsible for two outbreaks in central Africa that have killed hundreds. PRIMATE RESEARCH ON AIDS RISKS EXPOSING HUMANS TO PRIMATE VIRUSES Christopher Anderegg et al, Medical Research Modernization Committee, Europeans for Medical Progress, 2002, A Critical Look at Animal Experimentation, http://www.mrmcmed.org/critcv.html, Furthermore, through animal research, humans have been exposed to a wide variety of deadly nonhuman primate viruses. About 16 laboratory workers have been killed by the Marburg virus and other monkey viruses, and there have been two outbreaks of Ebola in American monkey colonies.118-120 Polio vaccines grown on monkey kidney cells exposed millions of Americans to simian virus 40, which causes human cells to undergo malignant transformation in vitro and has been found in several human cancers.121 Ignoring the obvious public health hazards, researchers transplanted baboon bone marrow cells into an AIDS patient. The experiment was unsuccessful;122 moreover, a large number of baboon viruses, which the patient could spread to other people, may have accompanied the bone marrow. Indeed, vivisection may have started the AIDS epidemic. HIV-1, the principal AIDS virus, differs markedly from any virus found in nature, and there is evidence that it originated either through polio vaccine production using monkey tissues 123,124 or through manufacture in American laboratories, where HIV-like viruses were being produced by cancer and biological weapons researchers in the early 1970s.
Murry J. Cohen, M.D. and Stephen R. Kaufman, M.D. and Brandon P. Reines, M.D. 1995 “Aping Science Summary: A Critical Analysis of Research at the Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center”. Medical Research Modernization Committee http://www.mrmcmed.org/ape.html A large proportion of available AIDS research funds has supported experimentation on nonhuman primates, yet the approach is replete with shortcomings. The most widely used "models" of AIDS at Yerkes and other primate centers are monkeys infected with different strains of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). However, all SIVs differ markedly from the principle AIDS-related immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). Also, monkey immunoregulatory responses to SIVs fundamentally differ from human response to HIV-1. Finally, clinical features of AIDS and SIV-induced illness differ. Contrary to claims by Yerkes officials, Yerkes researchers cannot determine whether HIV can be transmitted via breast milk by studying SIV transmission in monkeys. Major differences exist between SIV and HIV transmission. For example, in utero transmission occurs only rarely with SIV but frequently with HIV, making application of SIV transmission findings to humans problematic. Yerkes researchers have also infected chimpanzees with HIV in an attempt to study "AIDS" in nonhumans. However, it has been exceedingly difficult to make chimpanzees sick from HIV infection. Although many HIV researchers concede that HIV-infected chimpanzees cannot serve as reliably "models" for humans with AIDS, Yerkes researchers continue to study HIV resistance in chimpanzees in an attempt to uncover methods of inducing HIV resistance in humans. Studies of people who have remained AIDS-free despite chronic HIV infection are far more relevant. Moreover, experimentation on chimpanzees is poorly equipped to test potential AIDS vaccines. Federal regulators have sometimes waived animal-testing requirements when a potential vaccine or drug has appeared particularly useful. To effectively combat AIDS, we must better understand the mechanisms of HIV transmission in humans, the disease's natural history, and humans' immunological response to HIV. Improved understanding requires studies of humans who develop and resist illness after exposure to HIV. CHIMPANZEES POOR TEST SUBJECTS FOR HIV Malcolm Wood, Autumn 2003, Family Obligations, http://www.skeptics.org.nz/SK:VIEWARTICLE:1001.4405:waDeptTOC.1,A1236 On the other hand, Penny believes the case for testing with the great apes is often overstated. Take Aids, for example. The epidemiological and laboratory evidence from human populations is actually very strong, and "we have learned virtually nothing of benefit to humans from infecting many chimpanzees with HIV". And his argument for ending experimentation with the great apes is much the same as that employed by those who want it to continue: the great apes are so like us. CHIMPS ARE NOT GOOD SUBJECTS FOR AIDS VACCINE RESEARCH Charles Siebert, Freelance Writer and Director, July 24, 2005, New York Times Magazine, p. 31 The great lab-chimp surplus is, in part, an unforeseeable consequence of AIDS. In 1986, the National Institutes of Health began an aggressive breeding program that nearly doubled the number of research chimps in the country, on the seemingly logical but ultimately incorrect assumption that our closest genetic kin would serve as ideal models for developing a vaccine. Chimps, it turns out, can contract the virus, but they are virtually immune to its effects. Directory: file -> view view -> Western Europe after wwii view -> Author study: paul fleischman view -> Qpa1 7ela study Guide view -> Arctic Oil/Gas Neg view -> November 1970 Approximately 150,000-500,000 deaths Bhola Cyclone Bangladesh view -> Grade Level: 6 Unit of Study: Caribbean glce view -> Citation: Duffield, Katy view -> Table of Contents Lesson # view -> Chinese Wind Energy Disad Download 1.43 Mb. Share with your friends:
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