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| Page | 3/36 | | Date | 02.06.2017 | | Size | 5.14 Mb. | | #19909 |
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FRICATIVES
7
|
/f/
|
fikir
friend
|
/fiˈkir/
/frend/
|
8
|
/v/
|
ver
voice
|
/ver/
/vɔɪs/
|
9
|
/θ/ = /th/
|
Fethiye
think
|
/ˈfeθije/
/θɪŋk/
|
10
|
/ð/ = /dh/
|
methetmek
this
|
/ˈmeðetmek/
/ðɪs/
|
11
|
/s/
|
sat
sea
|
/sɑt/
/siː/
|
12
|
/z/
|
zaman
zoo
|
/zɑˈmɑn/
/zuː/
|
13
|
/ʃ/
|
şeker
ship
|
/ʃeˈker/
/ʃɪp/
|
14
|
/ʒ/
|
jest
vision
|
/ʒest/
/ˈvɪʒn/
|
AFFRICATES
15
|
/dʒ/
|
cadde
job
|
/dʒɑdˈde/
/dʒɒb/
|
16
|
/tʃ/
|
çaba
teacher
|
/tʃɑˈbɑ/
/ˈtiːtʃər/
|
SONORANTS
17
|
/m/
|
mağaza
mineral
|
/ˈmɑːzɑ/
/ˈmɪnrəl/
|
18
|
/n/
|
nasip
news
|
/nɑˈsip/
/njuːz/
|
19
|
/ŋ/
|
Ankara
sing
|
/ˈɑŋkɑrɑ/
/sɪŋ/
|
20
|
/h/
|
herkes
half
|
/herˈkez/
/hɑːf/
|
21
|
/l/
|
laf
listen
|
/læf/
/ˈlɪsn/
|
22
|
/r/
|
renk
read
|
/reŋk/
/riːd/
|
23
|
/w/
|
vur
well
|
/wʊr/
/wel/
|
24
|
/j/
|
yer
yellow
|
/jer/
/ˈjeləʊ/
|
NOTE:
*Fricatives (continuants) are longer than plosives (stops).
VOWEL LETTERS / SOUNDS MATCH
SHORT & LAX PHONEMES
e
|
/e/
|
smell
|
/smel/
|
a
|
/æ/
|
back
|
/bæk/
|
i
|
/ɪ/
|
kiss
|
/kɪs/
|
a, e, i, o, u
|
/ə/
|
computer
|
/kəmˈpjuːtəʳ/
|
u
|
/ʌ/
|
run
|
/rʌn/
|
u
oo
|
/ʊ/
|
pull
foot
|
/pʊl/
/fʊt/
|
o
|
/ɒ/
|
hot
|
/hɒt/
|
LONG & TENSE PHONEMES
ee
ea
e
|
/iː/
|
keep
beach
we
|
/kiːp/
/biːtʃ/
/wiː/
|
er
ir
ur
wor
|
/ɜː/
|
Turkey
skirt
person
word
|
/ˈtɜːki/
/skɜːt/
/ˈpɜːsn/
/wɜːk/
|
ar
as
|
/ɑː/
|
car
pass
|
/kɑːʳ/
/pɑːs/
|
oo
ew
u
|
/uː/
|
school
flew
future
|
/skuːl/
/fluː/
/ˈfjuːtʃər/
|
or
al
aw
|
/ɔː/
|
born
talk
saw
|
/bɔːn/
/tɔːk/
/sɔː/
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y
|
/i/
|
dirty
|
/ˈdɜːti/
|
u(a)
|
/u/
|
actually
|
/ˈæktʃuəli/
|
DIPH-THONGS
eer
ere
ear
|
/ɪə/
|
beer
here
near
|
/bɪəʳ/ /hɪəʳ/
/nɪəʳ/
|
ur
|
/ʊə/
|
sure
tour
|
/ʃʊəʳ/ /tʊəʳ/
|
air
are
|
/eə/
|
hair
share
|
/heəʳ/
/ʃeəʳ/
|
a-e
ai
ay
|
/eɪ/
|
make
train
say
|
/meɪk/
/treɪn/
/seɪ/
|
oi
oy
|
/ɔɪ/
|
noise
toy
|
/nɔɪz/
/tɔɪ/
|
i-e
y
igh
|
/aɪ/
|
bike
my
night
|
/baɪk/
/maɪ/
/naɪt/
|
o-e
oa
o
ol
|
/əʊ/
|
nose
boat
go
cold
|
/nəʊz/
/bəʊt/
/gəʊ/ /kəʊld/
|
ou
ow
|
/aʊ/
|
shout
now
|
/ʃaʊt/
/naʊ/
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NOTE:
SPELLING
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PRONUNCIATION
|
Sing
|
/sɪŋ/
|
Singing
|
/ˈsɪŋɪŋ/
|
Singer
|
/ˈsɪŋər/
|
CONSONANT LETTERS / SOUNDS MATCH
VOICED = SOFT CONSONANTS
SPELLINGS
|
PHONEMES
|
WORDS
|
PRONUNCIATION
|
b
bb
|
/b/
|
baby
rabbit
|
/ˈbeɪbi/
/ˈræbɪt/
|
j
ge
dge
|
/dʒ/
|
jacket language
bridge
|
/ˈdʒækɪt/
/ˈlæŋgwɪdʒ/
/brɪdʒ/
|
d
dd
|
/d/
|
dad
address
|
/dæd/
/əˈdres/
|
th
|
/ð/
|
that
|
/ðæt/
|
g
gg
|
/g/
|
girl
bigger
|
/gɜːl/
/ˈbɪgəʳ/
|
si
su
|
/ʒ/
|
decision
leisure
|
/dɪˈsɪʒn/
/ˈleʒəʳ/
|
l
ll
|
/l/
|
leg
killing
|
/leg/
/ˈkɪlɪŋ/
|
m
mm
|
/m/
|
my
summer
|
/maɪ/
/ˈsʌməʳ/
|
n
nn
|
/n/
|
nose
dinner
|
/nəʊz/
/ˈdɪnəʳ/
|
ng
nk
|
/ŋ/
|
king
thank
|
/kɪŋ/
/θæŋk/
|
r
rr
|
/r/
|
right
married
|
/raɪt/
/ˈmærid/
|
v
|
/v/
|
visit
|
/ˈvɪzɪt/
|
u
w
wh
|
/w/
|
quiz
wait
what
|
/kwɪz/
/weɪt/
/wɒt/
|
u
y
|
/j/
|
human
unit
year
|
/ˈhjuːmən/
/ˈjuːnɪt/
/jɪəʳ/
|
z
s
|
/z/
|
zoo
busy
|
/zuː/
/bɪzi/
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VOICELESS = HARD CONSONANTS
SPELLINGS
|
PHONEMES
|
EXAMPLES
|
PRONUNCIATION
|
ch
tch
tur
|
/tʃ/
|
church
match
natural
|
/tʃɜːtʃ/
/mætʃ/
/ˈnætʃrəl/
|
f
ff
ph
|
/f/
|
flower
different
elephant
|
/ˈflaʊəʳ/
/ˈdɪfrənt/
/ˈelɪfənt/
|
h
|
/h/
|
house
|
/haʊs/
|
c
k
ck
q
|
/k/
|
cat
skirt
nick
queue
|
/kæt/
/skɜːt/
/nɪk/
/kjuː/
|
p
pp
|
/p/
|
pen
apple
|
/pen/
/ˈæpl/
|
s
ss
ci
ce
|
/s/
|
fast
kissing
cinema
nice
|
/fɑːst/
/ˈkɪsɪŋ/
/ˈsɪnəmə/
/naɪs/
|
sh
ti
|
/ʃ/
|
she
action
|
/ʃiː/
/ˈækʃn/
|
t
tt
|
/t/
|
tell
cutting
|
/tel/
/ˈkʌtɪŋ/
|
th
|
/θ/
|
thing
|
/θɪŋ/
|
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