All axles should be properly aligned so the vehicle tracks accurately within the size and geometry of the vehicle.
Springs and Shock Absorbers Suspension Travel
The suspension system shall permit a minimum wheel travel of 2.75 in. jounce-upward travel of a wheel when the bus hits a bump (higher than street surface), and 2.75 in. rebound-downward travel when the bus comes off a bump and the wheels fall relative to the body. Elastomeric bumpers shall be provided at the limit of jounce travel. Rebound travel may be limited by elastomeric bumpers or hydraulically within the shock absorbers. Suspensions shall incorporate appropriate devices for automatic height control so that regardless of load the bus height relative to the centerline of the wheels does not change more than ½ in. at any point from the height required. The safe operation of a bus cannot be impacted by ride height up to 1 in. from design normal ride height.
Damping
Vertical damping of the suspension system shall be accomplished by hydraulic shock absorbers mounted to the suspension arms or axles and attached to an appropriate location on the chassis. Damping shall be sufficient to control coach motion to three cycles or less after hitting road perturbations. The shock absorber bushing shall be made of elastomeric material that will last the life of the shock absorber. The damper shall incorporate a secondary hydraulic rebound stop.
Lubrication
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Standard Grease Fittings
All elements of steering, suspension and drive systems requiring scheduled lubrication shall be provided with grease fittings conforming to SAE Standard J534.These fittings shall be located for ease of inspection and shall be accessible with a standard grease gun from a pit or with the bus on a hoist. Each element requiring lubrication shall have its own grease fitting with a relief path. The lubricant specified shall be standard for all elements on the bus serviced by standard fittings and shall be required no less than every 6000 miles.
Alternative
Auto lube.
Alternative
Remote grease manifold.
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A kneeling system shall lower the entrance(s) of the bus a minimum of 2 in. during loading or unloading operations regardless of load up to GVWR, measured at the longitudinal centerline of the entrance door(s) by the driver. The kneeling control shall provide the following functions:
• Downward control must be held to allow downward kneeling movement.
• Release of the control during downward movement must completely stop the lowering motion and hold the height of the bus at that position.
• Upward control actuation must allow the bus to return to normal floor height without the driver having to hold the control.
The brake and throttle interlock shall prevent movement when the bus is kneeled. The kneeling control shall be disabled when the bus is in motion. The bus shall kneel at a maximum rate of 1.25 in. per second at essentially a constant rate. After kneeling, the bus shall rise within 4 seconds to a height permitting the bus to resume service and shall rise to the correct operating height within 7 seconds regardless of load up to GVWR. During the lowering and raising operation, the maximum vertical acceleration shall not exceed 0.2g, and the jerk shall not exceed 0.3g/second.
An indicator visible to the driver shall be illuminated until the bus is raised to a height adequate for safe street travel. An audible warning alarm will sound simultaneously with the operation of the kneeler to alert passengers and bystanders. A warning light mounted near the curbside of the front door, a minimum 2.5 in. diameter amber lens, shall be provided that will blink when the kneel feature is activated. Kneeling shall not be operational while the wheelchair ramp is deployed or in operation.
Alternative
Allow upward kneel actuation with ramp deployed.
ALTERNATIVE
Full right-side kneel capabilities.
Wheels
All wheels shall be interchangeable except for the middle axle of an artic where a super single tire size is used and shall be removable without a puller. Wheels shall be compatible with tires in size and load-carrying capacity. Front wheels and tires shall be balanced as an assembly per SAE J1986.
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Painted Steel
Wheels and rims shall be hub-piloted with powder-coated steel (maximum 3.5 mil) and shall resist rim flange wear.
Alternative
Brushed aluminum.
Alternative
One-sided polished aluminum.
Alternative
Two-sided polished aluminum rims.
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No tire-pressure monitoring system.
Alternative
Tire-pressure monitoring system.
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Standard non-locking lug nut.
Alternative
Three-piece captive locking lug nut.
Tires
Tires shall be suitable for the conditions of transit service and sustained operation at the maximum speed capability of the bus. Load on any tire at GVWR shall not exceed the tire supplier’s rating.
Sufficient space shall be provided to allow the Agency to carry a spare tire, if required.
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The tires shall be provided under a lease agreement between the Agency and the tire supplier and shall be the appropriate size and load range for the vehicle.
Alternative
The tires shall be supplied by the Contractor.
Alternative
Super single tire should be used. The Agency should designate preferences for the tire size.
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Hydraulically assisted steering shall be provided. The steering gear shall be an integral type with the number and length of flexible lines minimized or eliminated. Engine-driven hydraulic pump shall be provided for power steering.
Alternative
Power steering hydraulic pump shall be electrically driven.
Alternative
Electrically assisted steering shall be provided to reduce steering effort.
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