All air reservoirs shall meet the requirements of FMVSS Standard 121 and SAE Standard J10 and shall be equipped with drain plugs and guarded or flush type drain valves. Major structural members shall protect these valves and any automatic moisture ejector valves from road hazards. Reservoirs shall be sloped toward the drain valve. All air reservoirs shall have drain valves that discharge below floor level with lines routed to eliminate the possibility of water traps and/or freezing in the drain line.
Air System Dryer
An air dryer shall prevent accumulation of moisture and oil in the air system. The air dryer system shall include one or more replaceable desiccant cartridges.
Default
No requirements for additional oil separator provision.
Alternative
Requirement for Additional Oil Separator Provision
A provision shall be included to collect/remove oil from the air system to prevent affecting function and/or damaging pneumatic system components.
Alternative
The air system shall be equipped with an air dryer located before the no. 1 air tank and as far from the compressor as possible to allow air to cool prior to entering the air dryer.
ELECTRICAL,ELECTRONICANDDATACOMMUNICATIONSYSTEMS
Overview
The electrical system will consist of vehicle battery systems and components that generate, distribute and store power throughout the vehicle. (e.g., generator, voltage regulator, wiring, relays and connectors).
Electronic devices are individual systems and components that process and store data, integrate electronic information or perform other specific functions.
The data communication system consists of the bi-directional communications networks that electronic device s use to share data with other electronic devices and systems. Communication networks are essential to integrating electronic functions, both onboard the vehicle and off.
Information level systems that require vehicle information for their operations or provide information shall adhere to J1939 data standard.
Data communications systems are divided into three level store the use of multiple datanet works:
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Powertrain level: Components related to the powertrain, including the propulsion system components (engine, transmission and hybrid units)and anti-lock braking system (ABS),which may include traction control. At a minimum, powertrain components consisting of the engine, transmission, retarder, ASR and anti-lock braking systems shall be powered by a dedicated and isolated ignition supply voltage to ensure data communication between components exists when the vehicle ignition is switched to the “on” position.
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Information level: Components whose primary function is the collection, control or display of data that is not necessary to the safe drivability of the vehicle (i.e., the vehicle will continue to operate when those functions are inoperable). These components typically consist of those required for automatic vehicle location (AVL) systems, destination signs, fareboxes, passenger counters, radio systems, automated voice and signage systems, video surveillance and similar components.
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Multiplex level: Electrical or electronic devices controlled through input/output signals such as discrete, analog and serial data information (i.e., on/off switch inputs, relay or relay control outputs). Multiplexing is used to control components not typically found on the drivetrain or information levels, such as lights; wheelchair lifts; doors; heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems (if applicable); and gateway devices.
Modular Design
Design of the electrical, electronic and data communication systems shall be modular so that each electronic device, apparatus panel, or wiring bundle is easily separable from its interconnect by means of connectors.
Power plant wiring shall be an independent wiring harness. Replacement of the engine compartment wiring harness(es)shall not require pulling wires through any bulkhead or removing any terminals from the wires.
Environmental and Mounting Requirements
The electrical system and its electronic components shall be capable of operating in the area of the vehicle in which they will be installed, asrecommendedinSAEJ1455.
Electrical and electronic equipment shall not be located in an environment that will reduce the performance or shorten the life of the component or electrical system when operating within the design operating profile. As a recommendation, no vehicle component shall generate, or be affected by, electromagnetic interference or radio-frequency interference (EMI/RFI) that can disturb the performance of electrical/electronic equipment as defined in SAEJ1113and UNECE Council Directive 95/54(R10).
The Agency shall follow recommendations from bus manufacturers and subsystem suppliers regarding methods to prevent damage from voltage spikes generated from welding, jumpstarts, shorts, etc.
The mounting of the hardware shall not be used to provide the sole source ground, and all hardware shall be isolated from potential EMI/RFI, as referenced in SAE J1113.
All electrical/electronic hardware mounted in the interior of the vehicle shall be in accessible to passengers and hidden from view unless intended to be viewed. The hardware shall be mounted in such a manner as to protect it from splash or spray.
All electrical/electronic hardware mounted on the exterior of the vehicle that is not designed to be installed in an exposed environment shall be mounted in a sealed enclosure.
All electrical/electronic hardware and its mounting shall comply with the shock and vibration requirements of SAEJ1455.
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