Research project : dr jon patricios (Concussion in rugby playing children)
Download 358.25 Kb.
|
|
Publication Type Case Reports. Comparative Study. Journal Article. Result <58> Unique Identifier 15509317 Status
MEDLINE Authors
Pellman EJ. Viano DC. Casson IR. Arfken C. Powell J. Authors Full Name Pellman, Elliot J. Viano, David C. Casson, Ira R. Arfken, Cynthia. Powell, John. Institution Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Committee, National Football League, NewYork, USA. Title
Concussion in professional football: injuries involving 7 or more days out--Part 5. Source
Neurosurgery. 55(5):1100-19, 2004 Nov. Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A 6-year study was conducted to determine the signs, symptoms, and outcome of concussions with 7 or more (7+) days out from play or extended postconcussion recovery in the National Football League (NFL). METHODS: From 1996 to 2001, reporting of concussion was performed by NFL teams using a special standardized reporting form filled out by team physicians. Signs and symptoms were grouped by general symptoms, somatic complaints, cranial nerve effects, cognition problems, memory problems, and unconsciousness. Medical action taken and management were recorded. In all, 887 concussions were reported in practices and games. RESULTS: There were 72 concussions (8.1%) involving 7+ days out from play. The highest frequency occurred in quarterbacks (14.8%), the return unit on special teams (11.8%), and secondary (10.8%). Quarterbacks had the highest odds ratio (OR) of 7+ days out with concussion (OR = 2.10, P = 0.049), whereas running backs had the lowest relative risk (OR ! = 0.13, P = 0.021). The greatest fraction of 7+ days out occurred in passing plays (36.1%) and kickoffs (22.2%). Many signs and symptoms occurred at a greater frequency on initial examination in players 7+ days out; the average number per player was 4.64 with 7+ days out versus 2.58 with fewer days out (t = 6.02, df = 77.1). The signs and symptoms with the highest incidence for 7+ days out were disorientation to time (chi(2) = 51.2, P = 001), retrograde amnesia (chi(2) = 33.2, P = 0.001), fatigue (chi(2) = 28.1, P = 0.001), and the general category of cognition problems (chi(2) = 21.7, P = 0.001). Loss of consciousness for more than 1 minute was a predictor of 7+ days out (chi(2) = 33.5, P = 0.001), although it occurred in only 7.9% of cases. Of players with 7+ days out, 72.2% were removed from the game and 12.5% were hospitalized. These frequencies were significantly greater than for players with fewer than 7 days out (chi(2) = 68.03, df = 3, P < 0.0001). Approximately 90%! of players were managed by rest, irrespective of days out, but a grea ter fraction were given drug or medical therapies with prolonged days out. CONCLUSION: The most vulnerable players for 7+ days out with concussion were quarterbacks and the secondary in professional football. Although 8.1% of concussions involved 7+ days out, only 1.6% involved a prolonged postconcussion syndrome. They recovered from symptoms and had a consistent return to play in the NFL. Publication Type Journal Article. Multicenter Study. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Result <59> Unique Identifier 15335432 Status
MEDLINE Authors
Levy ML. Ozgur BM. Berry C. Aryan HE. Apuzzo ML. Authors Full Name Levy, Michael L. Ozgur, Burak M. Berry, Cherisse. Aryan, Henry E. Apuzzo, Michael L J. Institution Division of Neurosurgery, University of California at San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California, USA. mlevy@chsd.org Title
Analysis and evolution of head injury in football. [Review] [61 refs] Source
Neurosurgery. 55(3):649-55, 2004 Sep. Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To review head injury in football through historical, anatomic, and physiological analysis. METHODS: We obtained data from a thorough review of the literature. RESULTS: The reported incidence of concussion among high school football players dropped from 19% in 1983 to 4% in 1999. During the 1997 Canadian Football League season, players with a previous loss of consciousness in football were 6.15 times more likely to experience a concussion than players without a previous loss of consciousness (P < 0.05). Players with a previous concussion in football were 5.10 times more likely to experience a concussion than players without a previous concussion (P = 0.0001). With the implementation of National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment standards, fatalities decreased by 74% and serious head injuries decreased from 4.25 per 100,000 to 0.68 per 100,000. CONCLUSION: Significant declines in both the incidence and severity of head injury have been obser! ved. The enhanced safety records in football can be attributed to the application of more stringent tackling regulations as well as the evolving football helmet. The role of a neurosurgeon is critical in further head injury prevention and guidelines in sport. [References: 61] Publication Type Journal Article. Review. Result <60> Unique Identifier 11950406 Status
MEDLINE Authors
McCrea M. Kelly JP. Randolph C. Cisler R. Berger L. Authors Full Name McCrea, Michael. Kelly, James P. Randolph, Christopher. Cisler, Ron. Berger, Lisa. Institution Neuropsychology Service, Waukesha Memorial Hospital, Waukesha, Wisconsin 53188, USA. michael.mccrea@phci.org Title
Immediate neurocognitive effects of concussion.[see comment]. Comments
Comment in: Neurosurgery. 2003 Jun;52(6):1505; PMID: 12800834 Source
Neurosurgery. 50(5):1032-40; discussion 1040-2, 2002 May. Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To prospectively measure the immediate neurocognitive effects and early course of recovery from concussion and to examine the effects of loss of consciousness (LOC) and posttraumatic amnesia (PTA) on the severity of neurocognitive impairment immediately after concussion. METHODS: A sports-related concussion research model was used to allow prospective immediate evaluation of concussion. A total of 2385 high school and college football players were studied. Ninety-one players (3.8%) sustained concussions during the study. A brief neurocognitive and neurological screening measure, the Standardized Assessment of Concussion, was used to assess cognitive functioning before the football season, immediately after injury, and 15 minutes, 48 hours, and 90 days after injury. RESULTS: Standardized Assessment of Concussion scores immediately after concussion were significantly lower than the preseason baseline score and the noninjured population baseline mean, even for inju! red subjects without LOC or PTA. Subjects with LOC were most severely impaired immediately after injury, whereas those without LOC or PTA were least impaired. Significant impairment was also detected 15 minutes after injury, but all three groups returned to baseline levels of cognitive functioning within 48 hours. CONCLUSION: These findings are the first to demonstrate not only that a gradient of increasing concussion severity is represented by PTA and LOC but also that measurable neurocognitive abnormalities are evident immediately after injury without PTA or LOC. Publication Type Journal Article. Result <61> Unique Identifier 8875480 Status
MEDLINE Authors
Macciocchi SN. Barth JT. Alves W. Rimel RW. Jane JA. Authors Full Name Macciocchi, S N. Barth, J T. Alves, W. Rimel, R W. Jane, J A. Institution Department of Physical Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, USA. Title
Neuropsychological functioning and recovery after mild head injury in collegiate athletes. Source
Neurosurgery. 39(3):510-4, 1996 Sep. Abstract
OBJECTIVE: This study prospectively examined neuropsychological functioning in 2300 collegiate football players from 10 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division A universities. The study was designed to determine the presence and duration of neuropsychological symptoms after mild head injury. METHODS: A nonequivalent repeated measures control group design was used to compare the neuropsychological test scores and symptoms of injured players (n = 183) with those of gender, age, and education matched controls. A number of neuropsychological tests, including the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test, the Digit Symbol Test, and the Trail Making Test, as well as a symptom checklist were used. TECHNIQUE: Players and controls were assessed before engaging in game activity and 24 hours, 5 days, and 10 days after injury, using the standardized test battery and symptom checklist. RESULTS: Players with head injuries displayed impaired performance and increased symptoms in comp! arison to controls, but this impairment resolved within 5 days in most players. Players with head injuries showed significant improvement between 24 hours and 5 days, as well as between 5 and 10 days. CONCLUSION: Although single, uncomplicated mild head injuries do cause limited neuropsychological impairment, injured players generally experience rapid resolution of symptoms with minimal prolonged sequelae. Publication Type Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Result <62> Unique Identifier 19266392 Status
MEDLINE Authors
Yard EE. Comstock RD. Authors Full Name Yard, Ellen E. Comstock, R Dawn. Institution Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA. Ellen.Yard@NationwideChildrens.org Title
Effects of field location, time in competition, and phase of play on injury severity in high school football. Source
Research in Sports Medicine. 17(1):35-49, 2009 Jan-Mar. Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of competitive intensity, represented by the variables time in competition, phase of play, and field location, on injury severity in U.S. high school football. The injury rate was higher in competition than practice (RR = 4.75, 95% CI: 4.34-5.20). Mild and moderate injuries were frequently lower leg/foot/ankle sprains/strains and concussions. Severe injuries were frequently knee Sprains/strains and arm fractures. Severe injuries composed a greater proportion of injuries sustained during the beginning and middle of competition compared with injuries sustained during the end/overtime (IPR = 1.83, 95% CI: 1.25-2.69). Compared with injuries sustained during general play, a greater proportion of kickoff/punt injuries were severe (IPR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.07-2.68) or were concussions (IPR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.05-3.30). Identifying factors contributing to severe injury is a crucial first step toward developing targeted evidence-based interventions aimed! at reducing the incidence of severe injuries among the millions of high school football players. Publication Type Journal Article. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.. Result <63> Unique Identifier 16392441 Status
MEDLINE Authors
Kahanov L. Dusa MJ. Wilkinson S. Roberts J. Authors Full Name Kahanov, Leamor. Dusa, Matthew J. Wilkinson, Susan. Roberts, Jeff. Institution San Jose State University, USA. leamor@hup.sjsu.edu Title
Self-reported headgear use and concussions among collegiate men's rugby union players. Source
Research in Sports Medicine. 13(2):77-89, 2005 Apr-Jun. Abstract
The perceived effectiveness of rugby union headgear in reducing concussions in American male collegiate rugby union athletes was assessed. Data collection was conducted by survey method distributed using electronic mail. One hundred and thirty-one men's club rugby union participants from eight university teams in the United States were surveyed. Demographic data were assessed using frequencies, means, and standard deviations. An ANOVA was used to assess differences in the frequencies of responses between players with concussions and their perception of headgear, with an increase in positive perception of headgear with increased concussions. Player position and years of experience played a role in the number of concussions and use of protective headgear. Seventy-six different athletes reported a concussion while playing, with the majority (51%) not wearing headgear. Athletes who wore headgear experienced 24% of the concussions, compared to 76% of those who did not wear head! gear. The incidence of concussions and severity of concussions were perceived as less severe among the group wearing headgear. The general perception of those individuals polled as to the effectiveness of headgear in reducing head injuries was positive. Publication Type Journal Article. Result <64> Unique Identifier 9629613 Status
MEDLINE Authors
Chalmers DJ. Authors Full Name Chalmers, D J. Institution Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand. dchalmers@gandalf.otago.ac.nz Title
Mouthguards. Protection for the mouth in rugby union. [Review] [42 refs] Source
Sports Medicine. 25(5):339-49, 1998 May. Abstract
The mouthguard is a resilient device or appliance which is placed inside the mouth to protect against injuries to the teeth, lacerations to the mouth and fractures and dislocations of the jaw. There is clear support in the scientific literature for the use of mouthguards in contact sports such as rugby. Moreover, there is evidence that mouthguards are effective in protecting against concussion and injuries to the cervical spine. There is a high level of acceptance of mouthguards by players and an increasing number are regularly wearing mouthguards. This is especially true among the elite players, but acceptance and wearing rates are moderately high among club players as well. There is strong support among players and researchers for mouthguard wearing to be made compulsory. It is generally recommended that: (i) mouthguards be worn during both practice sessions and games; (ii) the habit of wearing a mouthguard begins at an early age; (iii) mouthguards be regularly replaced ! while children are still growing; and (iv) adult players replace their mouthguards at least every 2 years. The selection of a mouthguard will depend on a number of factors including the age of the individual, effectiveness and cost. The type I (stock), or 'off-the-shelf', mouthguards are considered inferior when compared with the other available types, and their use is discouraged. Type II (mouth-formed) mouthguards come in 2 forms, the shell-liner version and the popular thermoplastic 'boil and bite' version. While the effectiveness of the shell-liner mouthguard was examined in one experimental study, no such research has been reported for the thermoplastic mouthguard. Type III (custom-fabricated) mouthguards are recommended for players playing in the more vulnerable positions and in the higher grades. Most experimental studies in which the effectiveness of mouthguards has been demonstrated have involved type III mouthguards. [References: 42] Publication Type Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Review. Result <65> Unique Identifier 9519401 Status
MEDLINE Authors
McCrory PR. Berkovic SF. Authors Full Name McCrory, P R. Berkovic, S F. Institution Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Australia. pmccrory@compuserve.com Title
Concussive convulsions. Incidence in sport and treatment recommendations. [Review] [37 refs] Source
Sports Medicine. 25(2):131-6, 1998 Feb. Abstract
Concussive convulsions (CC) are nonepileptic phenomena which are an immediate sequelae of concussive brain injury. Although uncommon, occurring with an approximate incidence of 1 case per 70 concussions, these episodes are often confused with post-traumatic epilepsy which may occur with more severe structural brain injury. The pathophysiological mechanism of CC remains speculative, but may involve a transient traumatic functional decerebration with loss of cortical inhibition and release of brainstem activity. The phenomenology of the CC is somewhat akin to convulsive syncope, with an initial tonic phase occurring within 2 seconds of impact, followed by a clonic or myoclonic phase which may last several minutes. Lateralising features are common during the convulsions. There is no evidence of structural or permanent brain injury on clinical assessment, neuropsychological testing or neuroimaging studies. Long term outcome is universally good with no evidence of long term epi! lepsy and athletes are usually able to return to sport within 2 weeks. The correct management of these episodes centres on the appropriate management of the associated concussive injury and the exclusion of other cerebral injury by medical assessment. The CC requires no specific management beyond immediate onfield first aid measures such as protection of the airway. Antiepileptic therapy is not indicated and prolonged absence from sport is unwarranted. These episodes, although dramatic, are relatively straightforward to manage and all team physicians and those involved in athlete care need to be aware of this condition. [References: 37] Publication Type Case Reports. Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't. Review. Directory: health health -> A model didactic and clinical substance abuse curriculum developed for schools of nurse anesthesia health -> Curriculum Vitae Tonya Butler-Collins health -> By Health Educator Sylvester Johnson, Ph. D. Applied Physics For personal consultation service, please see health -> Purpose of this report health -> Cause for concern 2015/16 Supplement for wardens and sub-wardens Contents health -> Child sexual exploitation health -> Affordable care act health -> Section 5 Select Hardware and Mobile Device Selection and Security Download 358.25 Kb. Share with your friends:
|