Review and Related Literature



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PR1-CHAPTER-2-GROUP-4-11-HUMSS11 (2)

From the Article of New York’s Times by Rachel Abrams (2016, January 28)Barbie Adds Curvy and Tall to Body Shapes” It was discussed and unveiled how it's about more than just changing Barbie's appearance. Barbie used to be Mattel's most popular brand, but sales have dropped in recent years as the doll has struggled to stay important to little girls who don't look like them and wpuld play with toys other than dolls. Barbie's new makeover started last year, when Mattel launched the Fashionistas collection, which included dolls with a wider range of skin tones, eye colors, and even facial structures. It blossomed on the social media, overwhelming mattel with positive reviews about the body postivity it claims to all ages of women. It narrates more deeply on how it was more than just being a doll, but a reflective version of themself. A representation of their own beauty.



Foreign study

According to social media expert Amelia Neate (2020, March 3) from the influecer matchmaker agency. “social media gives women of all ages and backgrounds the opportunity to tell their story, have a voice and change the status quo. And influencers are often the ideal vehicles for that feeling of empowerment to spread” Amelia Neate (2020, March 3) claim that social media gives a women opportunity to express themselves by posting and to feel empowered because of the Influence of other women. Furthermoore Amelia Neate also state that most of the social media influecer are female in average of 77%. this only means that most of the female are active In social media. Madhu Kumari (2020, March 3) also mentioned that social media “Social media become a new weapon for women to voice out their opinion, organize campaign and online activism’’


According to MTS writer (2020, March 3) “In 2017, the ‘#MeToo’ hashtag took off and tens of thousands of women spoke out about their experiences of sexual harassment and assault. Influencers and celebrities came together with women from broader society to create a singular, unified voice that has since delivered remarkable change.” in 2017 the #metoo movement become a worldwide trend for women because it talks about sexual harrasment and sexual assault experience from a women perspective in addition the #metoo movement became a reason for women to unite and feel empowered.
Moreover in the report of Fran Barone (2018, Nov 21)“Based on interviews of 10,500 women – including 5,165 girls aged 10 to 17 – in 13 countries worldwide The Dove Global Beauty and Confidence Report (2017) investigates the current state of female body confidence (Dove 2018). The report worryingly concludes that falling female body confidence has become a “critical issue” around the world, and points to pressure from the media – especially social media – as a major source of blame (Truong 2017; Moss 2016). Out of the 13 countries in the study, Japan ranked lowest, with only 8% body confidence among respondents, followed by the UK and Canada at 20%, the US at 24%, and South Africa topping the list at a modest 64% of women who feel confident in their bodies ” The dove global beauty and confidence report that in 2017 the body confidence become critical issue because most of the female are not confident of there body and for who they are. However Fran Barone (2018, Nov 21) noted that “For many, figures like these are unsurprising in 2018. This is partially due to the growing “body positivity movement” has been spreading throughout the internet, social media, and popular culture in recent years precisely to counteract poor body image (across all ages and genders). Broadly, body positivity asserts that “all bodies are good bodies”.” in 2018 “body positivity movement” had been spreading around in the internet, the purpose of “body positivity movement” is to gain confidence, feel empowered and accepting your body even if it’s not perfect. In addition Kendra cherry state that body positivity movement originally emerge at 2012 to fight against the beauty standard of the society and to build up the confidence of people.
Local study

According to the research of Mylene D. Hega, Veronica C. Alporha and Meggan S. Evangelista (2017); When the philippines were not yet conquered by other countries there was something called babaylan. Also called “Shaman” the babaylan is said to symbolize women as most of the babaylan are women. The researchers claimed that "the babaylon was mostly concerned with culture, religion, medicine". Though women are given to this role, It is sometimes said to be given to men.


According to salazar's research (1994), They claimed that most male babaylan are perceived to be homosexual, in addition the babaylan is not subservient of the datu because they are incharge of ceremony and rituals. Thus they say not everything was permanent, so when the Spanish occupied the Philippines. The babaylan disappeared due to the Spanish belief in catholihism, precisely because of the conquest and influences of other countries the status of women decreased due to sexual and physical abuse. To combat this, the gabriela or general assembly binding women for reforms, integrity, equality, leadership and action was formed. The Gabriela was established in 1984 by women's group to fight against discrimination, sexual and physical abuse.
Samantha Jean Sumampay (2020, Feb 17) stated that "Gabriela, the grassroots feminist group fighting for national democracy and socialism in the philippines". Gabriela is not only fighting for women's rights, they are also fighting for national democracy and socialism.
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