Review of Asian Studies

111^“The Study of the Hue Massacre,” March 1968, Douglas Pike Collection, Unit 05, National Liberation Front, Box 13, Folder 14, D012, pp. 28-30; The Vietnam Center and Archive, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, [hereafter “Study of Hue Massacre”]. For other publications that mention these order to the VC Cadres, see Laderman, “They Set About Revenging Themselves on the Population,” pp. 1-4; D. Gareth Porter, “The 1968 'Hue Massacre’,” Indochina Chronicle, Issue No. 33, (June 24, 1974), p. 11; “Communist Document Tells of Civilian Massacre at Hue,” Vietnam Virtual Archive, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas.

112^“Study of the Hue Massacre,” pp. 29-32.

113^Ibid., p. 113.

114^Ibid., pp. 193-5.

115^Don Oberdorfer, “Hue Red Report Found,” Milwaukee Sentinel, (8 Dec 69), pp. 2, 10.

116^Ibid., p. 10.

117^Nguyen Minh Cong, Video Interview on WGBH TV Boston, No date.

118^Willbanks, “What Really Happened;” James Robbins, This Time We Win: Revisiting the Tet Offensive, (NY: Encounter Books, 2010), p. 201, [hereafter This Time We Win].

119^Willbanks, “What Really Happened;” Robbins, This Time We Win, pp. 201-203.

120^“The Massacre at Hue,” Time Magazine, 31 October 1969; “Wire Led to Discovery of Massacre,” Dallas Morning News, 20 March 1969, p. 2.

121^Stephen T. Hosmer, “Viet Cong Repression and Its Implications for the Future,” Rand Corporation, (Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corp., 1970), pp. 72-8, [hereafter “Viet Cong Repressions”].

122^Alje Vennema, The Viet Cong Massacre at Hue, (NY: Vantage Press, 1976), pp. 191-2.

123^Hosmer, “Viet Cong Repression,” p. 73.

124^K.B. Richburg, “20 years after Hue, Vietnamese admit ‘mistake’,” The Washington Post, 2 February 1988, p. 8A.

125^Bui Tin, From Enemy to Friend, p. 67.

126^Ibid.; Willbanks, “What Really Happened.”

127^Willbanks, “What Really Happened;” Laderman, Tours of Vietnam, p. 94.

128^Daniel C. Tsang, “Vietnam Today, Ngo Vinh Long, Interview with Daniel C. Tsang,” Critical Asian Studies, September 2002, Vol. 34, No. 3, p. 464.

129^Villard, Battles of Quang Tri City and Hue, pp. 80-1.

130^Willbanks, Tet Offensive, pp. 101-2. Quote from Willbanks, “What Really Happened.”

131^Schulimson, et. al., U.S. Marines in Vietnam, p. 307; Dougan and Weiss, 1968, p. 145.

132^Hoang, General Offensive, p. 98.

133^Ronald H. Spector, After Tet: The Bloodiest Year in Vietnam, (NY: The Free Press, 1993), pp. 166-175, [hereafter After Tet]. Also see, Lt. Col. Alan Gropman, Air Power and the Airlift Evacuation of Kham Duc, (Washington, D.C.: Office of Air Force History, 1985), chapter IV.

134^Spector, After Tet, pp. 163-165, 319; Hoang, General Offensive, p. 101.

135^Spector, After Tet, p. 235; Hoang, General Offensive, p. 110.

136^Dougan and Weiss, 1968, p. 152. Quotes in Spector, After Tet, p. 240.

137^Hoang, General Offensive, p. 118.

138^Karnow, Vietnam, pp. 544-5; Doyle, Lipsman and Maitland, North, pp. 118-120; Tran, “Tet,” pp. 49-50.

139^Villard, Battles of Quang Tri City and Hue, p. 82.

140^Willbanks, Tet Offensive, p. 80.

141^Tran Van Tra, Vietnam, (Washington, D.C.: Foreign Broadcast Information Service, 1983), p. 35. In spite of earlier rumors that he had been punished for such statements he was not. He spent much of his life touring the world, including the U.S. speaking and writing.

142^Schmitz, The Tet Offensive, pp. 106-9.

143^Duiker, The Communist Road, p. 296.

144^Ibid., p. 303.

145^Karnow, Vietnam, p. 534; James R. Arnold, The Tet Offensive, 1968, (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1990), pp. 86-90, [hereafter Tet, 1968].

146^Karnow, Vietnam, p. 536.

147^Arnold, Tet, 1968, pp. 86-7; Nguyen, The War Politburo, 35.

148^Doyle, Lipsman and Maitland, North, pp. 126-7.

149^Dougan and Weiss, 1968, p. 118.

150^Ibid., p. 116; Arnold, Tet, pp. 88-90.

151^Arnold, Tet, p. 90.

152^Young, The Vietnam Wars, p. 223.

153^Dougan and Weiss, 1968, pp. 119-120; Hoang, General Offensive, pp. 135-6; Zaffiri, Westmoreland, p. 293.

154^Dougan and Weiss, 1968, p. 126.

155^Ibid., pp. 127-128; Hoang, General Offensive, p. 147.

156^Clifford, Counsel to the President, pp. 47-55, 479.

157^Willbanks, Tet Offensive, pp. 147-150; Zaffiri, Westmoreland, p. 304; Palmer, Summons of the Trumpet, p. 258.

158^Westmoreland, A Soldier Reports, p. 355.

159^Sheehan, et. al., Pentagon Papers, p. 594.

160^Westmoreland, A Soldier Reports, p. 356; Karnow, Vietnam, p. 549.

161^Schmitz, The Tet Offensive, p. 105.

162^Dougan and Weiss, 1968, p. 72; Zaffiri, Westmoreland, pp. 305-9; Clifford, Counsel to the President, p. 482.

163^Lyndon B. Johnson, The Vantage Point: Perspectives of the Presidency, 1963-1969, (NY: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1971), pp. 389-392, [hereafter Vantage Point]. For an excellent book on LBJ see, Doris Kearns Goodwin, Lyndon Johnson and the American Dream: The Most Revealing Portrait of a President and Presidential Power Ever Written, hardcover, (NY: St. Martin’s Press, 1976); paperback, (NY: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1991).

164^Clifford, Counsel to the President, p. 485.

165^Sheehan, et. al., Pentagon Papers, p. 597.

166^Ibid., pp. 600-4.

167^Clifford, Counsel to the President, p. 402.

168^Phillip Davidson, Vietnam at War: The History, 1946-1975, (Novato, CA: Presidio Press, 1988), p. 525.

169^Johnson, Vantage Point, pp. 399-400; Sheehan, et. al., Pentagon Papers, p. 623.

170^Oberdorfer, Tet!, p. 269.

171^Ibid., pp. 265-270; Herbert Y. Schandler, Lyndon Johnson and Vietnam: The Unmaking of a President, (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1977), pp. 202-5.

172^Oberdorfer, Tet!, p. 250-251; Braestrup, Big Story, p. 493.

173^Robert Buzzanco, “The Myth of Tet: American Failure and the Politics of War,” in Marc Jason Gilbert and William P. Head, eds., The Tet Offensive, (Westport, CT: Praeger Press, 1996), p. 231, [hereafter The Myth of Tet].

174^Braestrup, Big Story, pp. 679, 687, footnotes; Bret Stephens, “American Honor,” Wall Street Journal, (January 22, 2008), p. 18.

175^Johnson, Vantage Point, pp. 400, 415.

176^Clifford, Counsel to the President, p. 507; Karnow, Vietnam, p. 562.

177^Clifford, Counsel to the President, p. 516.

178^Sheehan, et. al., Pentagon Papers, pp. 609-610.

179^B. Drummond Ayers, Jr., “As 1968 Joins the Centuries, McCarty Goes on,” New York Times, 14 March 1993, http://www.nytimes.com/1993/03/14/us/as-1968-joins-the-centuries-mccarthy-goes-on.html.

180^Clifford, Counsel to the President, p. 520.

181^Buzzanco, The Myth of Tet, pp. 247-8.

182^Westmoreland, A Soldier Reports, pp. 361-2; Zaffiri, Westmoreland, pp. 315-6.

183^Lewis Sorley, A Better War: The Unexamined Victories and Final Tragedy of America’s Last Years in Vietnam, (NY: Harvest Books, 1999), p. 18. For more on Commando Hunt, see William P. Head, “Playing Hide-and-seek with the ‘Trail’: Operation Commando Hunt, 1968-1972,” Journal of Third World Studies, (Spring 2002), Vol. 19, Issue 1, p. 101-15.

184^Willbanks, Tet Offensive, pp. 52-5, 154; Schulimson, et. al., U.S. Marines in Vietnam, pp. 213-6; Andrew Wiest, The Vietnam War, (NY: Rosen Publishing, 2009), p. 42.

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