Yes: This pathogen is established in areas with a wide range of climatic conditions (Machowicz-Stefaniak and Zalewska 2002; Mackie 2005) and may spread naturally in infected propagative material. Therefore, it has the potential for establishment and spread in Australia.
Yes: This pathogen is less damaging on grapes (CABI 2012a); however it is of significant economic importance for apples, pears, peaches and apricots (Mackie 2005). This pathogen can cause fruit losses of 5%–35% (Mackie 2005). If introduced to Australia, it is likely to cause serious losses to apple and pear industries in particular (Mackie 2005). Therefore, this fungus has potential for economic consequences in parts of Australia.
|
Yes
|
Monilinia laxa (Aderh. & Ruhland) Honey [Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Monochaetia ellisiana var. affinis Sacc. & Briard [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Yes (Farr and Rossman 2011)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Monochaetia sarmenti (Pass.) Sacc.) [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Yes (Farr and Rossman 2011)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Monochaetia uniseta (Tracy & Ellis) Sacc. [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: These fungi have been recorded on Vitis species (Farr and Rossman 2011), but affected plant parts are not mentioned. Monochaetia species are generally associated with foliage or dead leaves (Farr et al. 1989). Therefore, foliage free dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for these fungi.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Monochaetia viticola (Cavara) Sacc. & D. Sacc. [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Monochaetinula ampelophila (Speg.) Nag Raj [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae] (synonym: Monochaetia ampelophila Speg)
|
Not known to occur
|
No: These fungi have been recorded on Vitis species (Farr and Rossman 2011), but affected plant parts are not mentioned. These fungi are generally associated with foliage or dead leaves (Farr et al. 1989). Therefore, foliage free dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for these fungi.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Monochaetinula terminaliae (Bat. & J.L. Bezerra) Muthumary et al. [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae] (synonym: Monochaetia terminaliae Bat. & J.L. Bezerra)
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Mucor circinelloides Tiegh. [Mucorales: Mucoraceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: This fungus has been recorded on Vitis species (Farr and Rossman 2011), but affected plant parts are not mentioned. Generally, this fungus occurs in soils and on a variety of organic substrates (Farr et al. 1989). Therefore, root free dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for this fungus.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Mucor racemosus Fresen. [Mucorales: Mucoraceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Mycosphaerella angulata W.A. Jenkins [Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: These Mycosphaerella species are associated with Vitis species (Farr and Rossman 2011) and cause leaf spot (Farr et al. 1989), resulting in premature defoliation (Pearson and Goheen 1988). These fungi overwinter in dead leaves (Pearson and Goheen 1988). Therefore, foliage free dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for these fungi.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Mycosphaerella cuboniana (D. Sacc.) Tomilin [Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Mycosphaerella manganottiana (C. Massal.) Tomilin [Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Mycosphaerella personata B.B. Higgins [Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae]
|
Yes (Simmonds 1966)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Mycosphaerella vitis Koshk. [Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: This fungus has been recorded on Vitis species (Farr and Rossman 2011), but affected plant parts are not mentioned. Generally, Mycosphaerella species are associated with foliage, causing leaf spot (Farr et al. 1989). Therefore, foliage free dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for this fungus.
|
|
|
|
Mycovellosiella vitis Y.L. Guo & X.J. Liu [Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae] (synonym: Passalora vitis-piadezkii U. Braun & Crous)
|
Not known to occur
|
No: This fungus has been recorded on leaves of Vitis species (Kirk 2012). Therefore, foliage free dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for this fungus.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Myxosporium viticola Dearn. & House [Unassigned]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: There is one record of this fungus occurring on the stems of Vitis species in Alabama in 1960 (Farr and Rossman 2011). However, this fungus has not been recorded from any other location, indicating propagative material does not provide a pathway for this fungus.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Nattrassia mangiferae (Syd. & P. Syd.) B. Sutton & Dyko [Botryosphaeriales: Botryosphaeriaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr. [Hypocreales: Nectriaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Nectria coccinea (Pers.) Fr. [Hypocreales: Nectriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: This fungus has been recorded on Vitis species (Farr and Rossman 2011), but affected plant parts are not mentioned. Generally, Nectria species are associated with hardwood trees and soil (Farr et al. 1989). Therefore, semi-hardwood, root free dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for this fungus.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Nectria haematococca Berk. & Broome [Hypocreales: Nectriaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Nectria radicicola Gerlach & L. Nilsson [Hypocreales: Nectriaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Nectria ramulariae (Wollenw.) E. Müller [Hypocreales: Nectriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: This fungus has been recorded on Vitis species (Farr and Rossman 2011), but affected plant parts are not mentioned. Generally, Nectria species are associated with hardwood trees (Farr et al. 1989). Therefore, semi-hardwood, root free dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for this fungus.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Nectria viticola Berk. & Curt. [Hypocreales: Nectriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: This fungus has been recorded on the limbs of Vitis species in Alabama in 1960 (Farr and Rossman 2011). However, this fungus has not been recorded since from any other location, indicating that propagative material does not provide a pathway for this fungus.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Neofusicoccum mediterraneum Crous et al. [Botryosphaeriales: Botryosphaeriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Yes: This fungus has been recorded on grapevines (Úrbez-Torres et al. 2010a) and has been isolated from the vascular tissue and brown wood of young, declining grapevines (Úrbez-Torres et al. 2010a; Martin et al. 2011b). Therefore, dormant cuttings may provide a pathway for this fungus.
|
Yes: This fungus has established in areas with a wide range of climatic conditions (Úrbez-Torres et al. 2010a; Martin et al. 2011b) and may spread naturally in infected propagative material. Therefore, this fungus has the potential for establishment and spread in Australia.
|
No: This fungus causes Botryosphaeria canker in association with other species (Úrbez-Torres et al. 2010a). However, no information is available on the losses caused by this pathogen. Therefore, this fungus is not of economic concern.
|
|
Neonectria fuckeliana (C. Booth) Castl. & Rossman [Hypocreales: Nectriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: This fungus has been recorded on Vitis species causing basal rot (Halleen et al. 2006a, b). Therefore, root-free dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for this fungus.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Neonectria macrodidyma Halleen et al. [Hypocreales: Nectriaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Neonectria mammoidea W. Phillips & Plowr. [Hypocreales: Nectriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: This fungus has been recorded on Vitis species causing basal rot (Halleen et al. 2006a, b). Therefore, root-free dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for this fungus.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Neonectria radicicola (Gerlach & L. Nilsson) Mantiri &. Samuels [Hypocreales: Nectriaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Pareutypella sulcata YM Ju & JD Rogers [Xylariales: Unassigned]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: This fungus has been recorded on Vitis species (Farr and Rossman 2011), but affected plant parts are not mentioned. However, on other hosts it is recorded on fallen twigs (Farr and Rossman 2011). Therefore, dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for this fungus.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Passalora dissiliens (Duby) U. Braun & Crous [Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: These fungi have been recorded on Vitis species (Farr and Rossman 2011), but affected plant parts are not mentioned. However, on other hosts these fungi are associated with foliage, causing leaf spots (Farr et al. 1989; Farr and Rossman 2011). Therefore, foliage free dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for these fungi.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Passalora vitis (MS Patil & Sawant) Poonam Srivastava [Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Passalora vitis-ripariae (U. Braun) U. Braun & Crous [Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Patellaria atrata (Hedw.) Fr. [Patellariales: Patellariaceae]
|
No records found
|
No: These fungi have been recorded on Vitis species (Farr and Rossman 2011), but affected plant parts are not mentioned. Since they were reported on Vitis species in 1973 in Central Asia (P. atrata) and Spain (P. viticola) (Farr and Rossman 2011), there have been no reports from any other country, indicating dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for these fungi.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Patellaria viticola Pers. [Patellariales Patellariaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium adametzioides S. Abe ex G. Sm. [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: Penicillium species occur in soil, on decaying plant debris, decomposing fruits and stored products (Jones and Aldwinkle 1991; Shim et al. 2002; Schmidt et al. 2006; Okafor et al. 2007). Dormant cuttings therefore do not provide a pathway for these species.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium ardesiacum Novobr. [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium aurantiogriseum Dierckx [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Penicillium brevicompactum Dierckx [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Yes (Farr and Rossman 2011)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Penicillium canescens Sopp [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: Penicillium species occur in soil, on decaying plant debris, decomposing fruits and stored products (Jones and Aldwinkle 1991; Shim et al. 2002; Schmidt et al. 2006; Okafor et al. 2007). Dormant cuttings therefore do not provide a pathway for these species.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium chrysogenum var. chrysogenum Thom [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium citrinum Thom [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium decumbens Thom [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Penicillium digitatum (Pers.) Sacc. [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Yes (Farr and Rossman 2011)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Penicillium elongatum Dierckx [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: Penicillium species occur in soil, on decaying plant debris, decomposing fruits and stored products (Jones and Aldwinkle 1991; Shim et al. 2002; Schmidt et al. 2006; Okafor et al. 2007). Dormant cuttings therefore do not provide a pathway for this species.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium expansum Link [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Penicillium funiculosum Thom [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Penicillium glabrum (Wehmer) Westling [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Penicillium griseoroseum Dierckx [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: Penicillium species occur in soil, on decaying plant debris, decomposing fruits and stored products (Jones and Aldwinkle 1991; Shim et al. 2002; Schmidt et al. 2006; Okafor et al. 2007). Therefore, dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for this species.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium italicum Wehmer [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Penicillium janthenellum Biourge [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: Penicillium species occur in soil, on decaying plant debris, decomposing fruits and stored products (Jones and Aldwinkle 1991; Shim et al. 2002; Schmidt et al. 2006; Okafor et al. 2007). Dormant cuttings therefore do not provide a pathway for these species.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium kloeckeri Pitt [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium purpurascens (Sopp) Biourge [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium rolfsii Thom [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium solitum var. crustosum (Thom) Bridge et al. [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium thomii Maire [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Penicillium variabile Sopp [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: Penicillium species occur in soil, on decaying plant debris, decomposing fruits and stored products (Jones and Aldwinkle 1991; Shim et al. 2002; Schmidt et al. 2006; Okafor et al. 2007). Dormant cuttings therefore do not provide a pathway for these species.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium viridicatum Westling [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium vitis Novobr. [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Penicillium vulpinum (Cooke & Massee) Seifert & Samson [Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Peniophora albobadia (Schwein.) Boidin [Russulales: Peniophoraceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: This fungus has been recorded on Vitis species (Farr and Rossman 2011), but affected plant parts are not mentioned. Generally, Peniophora species are saprobic and found on dead, bark-covered branches (Farr et al. 1989). Therefore, dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for this fungus.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Perenniporia medulla-panis (Jacq.) Donk [Polyporales: Polyporaceae]
|
Yes (Farr and Rossman 2011)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Perenniporia tenuis var. tenuis (Schwein.) Ryvarden [Polyporales: Polyporaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: This fungus has been recorded on Vitis species (Farr and Rossman 2011), but affected plant parts are not mentioned. This species occurs on bark or wood causing white rot (Gilbertson and Bigelow 1998; Farr and Rossman 2011). Therefore, semi-hardwood dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for this fungus.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Periconia byssoides Pers. [Pleosporales: Unassigned]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Pestalotia briardii Lendn. [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
No: These fungi have been recorded on Vitis species (Farr and Rossman 2011), but affected plant parts are not mentioned. Generally, members of this genus are secondary pathogens; they are saprophytic on dead and dying plant tissues (CAES 2008). Therefore, dormant cuttings do not provide a pathway for these fungi.
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Pestalotia europaea Grove [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Pestalotia malicola Hori. [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Pestalotia menezesiana Bres. & Torrend [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Pestalotia monochaetoidea var. affinis Sacc. & Briard [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Pestalotia pezizoides De Not. [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Pestalotia pitospora MEA Costa & Sousa da Câmara [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Pestalotia quadriciliata Bubak & Dearness [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Pestalotia thuemenii Speg. [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Pestalotia uniseta Tracy & Earle [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
Pestalotia viticola Cavara [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Yes (Sergeeva et al. 2005)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Pestalotiopsis funerea (Desm.) Steyaert [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Pestalotiopsis guepinii (Desm.) Steyaert [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Yes (PHA 2001)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Pestalotiopsis menezesiana (Bres. & Torrend) Bissett [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Yes (Sergeeva et al. 2005)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Pestalotiopsis uvicola (Speg.) Biss. [Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae]
|
Yes (Sergeeva et al. 2005)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Phaeoacremonium aleophilum Gams et al. [Diaporthales: Togniniaceae]
|
Yes (Edwards and Pascoe 2004)
|
Assessment not required
|
|
|
|
Phaeoacremonium alvesii Mostert et al. [Diaporthales: Togniniaceae]
|
Not known to occur
|
|
