|
____ 37. What is magma?
a.
|
the solid rock at the earth’s core
|
b.
|
part of the earth’s solid crust
|
c.
|
molten rock within the earth
|
d.
|
solid rock of iron and nickel
|
____ 38. All planets except Pluto are grouped into
a.
|
terrestrial planets and gas giant planets.
|
b.
|
suns and moons.
|
c.
|
terrestrial planets and outer planets.
|
d.
|
free-moving planets and orbiting planets.
|
____ 39. Physical weathering takes place when
a.
|
large masses of rock are welded together by volcanic action.
|
b.
|
large masses of rock are broken into smaller pieces.
|
c.
|
chemicals slowly break down rocks over many years.
|
d.
|
winds blow dirt away from rocks.
|
____ 40. What are the three layers of the earth?
a.
|
ground, air, and water
|
b.
|
core, mantle, and crust
|
c.
|
water, mantle, and crust
|
d.
|
core, mantle, and air
|
____ 41. Places located in high latitudes have
a.
|
a very warm climate.
|
b.
|
the same weather as places in other latitudes.
|
c.
|
a mix of extremely hot and extremely cold weather.
|
d.
|
the coldest climates on Earth.
|
____ 42. Elevation and climate
a.
|
are very closely related.
|
b.
|
have little effect on each other.
|
c.
|
are two terms for the same condition.
|
d.
|
are almost impossible to measure accurately.
|
____ 43. What are ice ages?
a.
|
periods of time when glaciers receded to cover only the poles
|
b.
|
eras during which Earth’s orbit kept the planet far from the sun
|
c.
|
periods of time when glaciers covered much of the earth
|
d.
|
times when human and animal life thrived in high latitudes
|
____ 44. Which of the following climate regions has the widest temperature range?
a.
|
arctic
|
b.
|
subarctic
|
c.
|
marine west coast
|
d.
|
tropical
|
____ 45. The atmosphere
a.
|
creates the tides.
|
b.
|
has no effect on heat gain or loss.
|
c.
|
allows heat to escape quickly in order to cool the planet.
|
d.
|
keeps heat from escaping too quickly into space.
|
____ 46. In which months do equinoxes take place?
a.
|
June and December
|
b.
|
October and April
|
c.
|
July and January
|
d.
|
March and September
|
____ 47. An oasis is a place in the desert at which
a.
|
large cities often are found.
|
b.
|
there is water and lush vegetation.
|
c.
|
the temperature is hotter than in the surrounding area.
|
d.
|
desert winds collide to produce sandstorms.
|
____ 48. Because of the tilt of the earth,
a.
|
not all places receive the same amount of light at one time.
|
b.
|
there is a lack of light at the Equator at the winter solstice.
|
c.
|
the polar areas are dark for the entire summer.
|
d.
|
all of the above
|
____ 49. Global winds that blow in fairly constant patterns are called
a.
|
trade winds.
|
b.
|
westerlies.
|
c.
|
polar easterlies.
|
d.
|
prevailing winds.
|
____ 50. The earth rotates on its axis one time each
a.
|
day.
|
b.
|
week.
|
c.
|
month.
|
d.
|
year.
|
____ 51. The natural vegetation of a desert is
a.
|
fir and pine trees.
|
b.
|
scattered shrubs and cacti.
|
c.
|
coconut, banana, and mango trees.
|
d.
|
evergreen trees and ferns.
|
____ 52. Wind patterns are
a.
|
caused by the moon’s pull upon the earth.
|
b.
|
relatively unimportant as climate factors.
|
c.
|
important factors in the earth’s climates.
|
d.
|
almost impossible to determine and track.
|
____ 53. The seasons result from
a.
|
the moon’s revolution and its tilt in relation to the earth.
|
b.
|
the earth’s rotation and its tilt in relation to the sun.
|
c.
|
the earth’s revolution and its tilt in relation to the sun.
|
d.
|
the movement of the continents due to continental drift.
|
____ 54. Which of the following affect temperatures on the earth?
a.
|
the earth’s position in relation to the sun
|
b.
|
the phases of the moon
|
c.
|
tidal ebb and flow as influenced by the sun
|
d.
|
the number of hours in a calendar day
|
____ 55. Prevailing winds blow ____ because of the Coriolis effect.
a.
|
in a straight line
|
b.
|
in a complete circle
|
c.
|
backward
|
d.
|
diagonally
|
____ 56. What are the two kinds of tropical climates?
a.
|
tropical rain forest and tropical desert
|
b.
|
tropical rain forest and tropical Mediterranean
|
c.
|
tropical marine west coast and savanna
|
d.
|
tropical savanna and tropical rain forest
|
____ 57. The ____ is the northernmost point on the earth to receive the sun’s direct rays.
a.
|
Tropic of Capricorn
|
b.
|
Equator
|
c.
|
Tropic of Cancer
|
d.
|
North Pole
|
____ 58. The earth’s polar areas lie in the
a.
|
mid-latitudes.
|
b.
|
high latitudes.
|
c.
|
major latitudes.
|
d.
|
low latitudes.
|
____ 59. The earth’s atmosphere
a.
|
thins as elevation increases.
|
b.
|
thins as elevation decreases.
|
c.
|
stays the same at all elevations.
|
d.
|
thickens during solar equinoxes.
|
____ 60. The ____ causes day and night.
a.
|
revolution of the earth
|
b.
|
rotation of the earth
|
c.
|
orbit of the earth
|
d.
|
earth’s gravity
|
____ 61. Renewable resources are those that
a.
|
can be used up over time.
|
b.
|
can be replaced.
|
c.
|
are of very little value.
|
d.
|
can be made usable only through modern technology.
|
____ 62. What is an embargo?
a.
|
a tax on profits
|
b.
|
an agreement to stop taxing goods and services
|
c.
|
a ban on trade by one country with another
|
d.
|
an export tax that is put in place to stimulate the economy
|
____ 63. Subsistence farming means
a.
|
growing only enough food for local use.
|
b.
|
growing food to sell in markets worldwide.
|
c.
|
working on a farm that is owned by a major corporation.
|
d.
|
having a constant surplus of food.
|
____ 64. When the death rate is higher than the birthrate, ____ exists.
a.
|
zero population growth
|
b.
|
doubling time
|
c.
|
population density
|
d.
|
negative population growth
|
____ 65. Cities and their surrounding areas are known as
a.
|
urban towns.
|
b.
|
city regions.
|
c.
|
metropolitan areas.
|
d.
|
suburbs.
|
____ 66. Every culture creates a social system by
a.
|
treating each person equally.
|
b.
|
treating its members as if they had to earn privileges.
|
c.
|
organizing its members into smaller groups.
|
d.
|
organizing its members into one large group.
|
____ 67. At the end of the 1900s, the world experienced the ____ Revolution.
a.
|
Industrial
|
b.
|
Agricultural
|
c.
|
Green
|
d.
|
Information
|
____ 68. Which statement about a unitary system of government is accurate?
a.
|
Key powers are held by the national government.
|
b.
|
Power is shared equally between the people and the government.
|
c.
|
The national government is made up of many small, self-governing states.
|
d.
|
The government allows the people to make most political decisions.
|
____ 69. What is a tariff?
a.
|
a tax imposed on imported goods
|
b.
|
a tax imposed on excess merchandise
|
c.
|
a plan under which governments give money to private businesses
|
d.
|
a necessary part of a free-trade agreement
|
____ 70. A monarchy is a form of government in which
a.
|
the government is run by the people.
|
b.
|
a king or queen has chief control of the state.
|
c.
|
an elected parliament makes all the laws.
|
d.
|
there are no laws.
|
____ 71. Culture hearths are places where
a.
|
people first discovered fire.
|
b.
|
the youngest civilizations began.
|
c.
|
early centers of civilization influenced their surroundings.
|
d.
|
the Information Revolution first took place.
|
____ 72. Why must countries trade with each other?
a.
|
Each country wants to make other countries happy.
|
b.
|
Natural resources are distributed evenly throughout the world.
|
c.
|
Natural resources are distributed unevenly among countries.
|
d.
|
Otherwise, countries would accumulate too many goods.
|
____ 73. What are two major factors that aided the development of complex social systems?
a.
|
hunting and gathering
|
b.
|
trade and increased wealth
|
c.
|
decreasing population and disease
|
d.
|
the invention of the saw and the rise of forestry
|
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