SS5 The student will describe how life changed in America at the turn of the century
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- Emigration to the United States
- Battle of Little Bighorn
- The Impact of Westward Expansion on American Indians
The Panama Canal The Panama Canal is 48 mile-long international waterway which allows ships to traverse between the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean. Prior the Canal’s completion, sea merchants were forced to circumnavigate the 8,000-mile journey around Cape Horn, South America, which often lasted nearly two months. After the emancipation of Panama from Columbian rule in 1903, French businessman Philippe Bunau-Varilla negotiated the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty between the United States and Panama. This treaty granted the United States permission to build a waterway through the Isthmus of Panama for $10 million and an annual payment of $250,000. The Panama Canal was President Theodore Roosevelt’s most significant foreign policy initiative. He travelled to Panama in 1906 to monitor its construction, becoming the first U.S. President to leave the country during his term of office. Built from 1904 to 1914 by more than 30,000 men, this $400 million canal yielded technological advances for the U.S. and fortified the U.S. military as the prominent force in Central America. By 1925, the Panama Canal had become a well-travelled passageway, seeing more than 5,000 merchant ships cross the 48-mile stretch. 
http://millercenter.org/president/roosevelt/essays/biography/5 http://panamacanalmuseum.org/ http://www.canalmuseum.com/ Emigration to the United States Emigration is defined as the act of leaving one's native country to settle in another country. The United States has long been the world's most heavily emigrated nation, allowing millions of emigrants and refugees to settle. The largest arrival of emigrants took place from the 1880's to the early 1920's where nearly 30 million people set foot on American soil from virtually every region of the world. These individuals were known as the ‘new emigrants’ because they were from regions different than that of northern and western Europe and Africa. Emigrants that travelled across the Pacific Ocean arrived in the United States at Angel Island in San Francisco; those who travelled across the Atlantic Ocean arrived at the Port of New York at Ellis Island. 
Reasons for emigration to the United States: escape poverty, war, famine, and religious persecution (many emigrants were Roman Catholic, Greek Orthodox and Jewish); seek freedom of speech and economic opportunity. Countries from where people emigrated: Armenia, China, Eastern Europe (Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Russian Federation and other Slavic nations) and Southern Europe (Italy and Greece), French Canada, Japan, Lebanon, Syria and Turkey.
http://www.madison.k12.ky.us/ms/departments/.../ppt/.../usimmigration.ppt http://rs6.loc.gov:8081/learn/features/timeline/riseind/immgnts/immgrnts.html http://www.regentsprep.org/regents/core/questions/questions.cfm?Course=ushg&TopicCode=3e http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1999/3/99.03.01.x.html Battle of Little Bighorn In the years prior to the Battle of Little Bighorn, the Sioux nation was divided as white settlers seized their land in search of gold in the Black Hills and pushed them westward. These encroachments created tension between the American government and the Sioux, which escalated in 1876 at the Battle of Little Bighorn in eastern Montana. The U.S. government attempted to purchase the land of the Black Hills from Red Cloud, but refused the $600,000,000 offer. Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse did not give thought to the possibility. Shortly after, the U.S. began a campaign urging "wild bands" under Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse to go into the reservation with Red Cloud, but they rejected the proposals and were deemed "hostile" by the government. General Sheridan and three columns of U.S. Army were ordered to attack. General Terry commanded one of the three columns, and brought with him George Custer and the Seventh Cavalry. Terry had correctly guessed that Native American forces were camped in the Big Horn Valley, but underestimated the mass of 12,000 Sioux, Cheyenne and Arapaho warriors united under Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull waiting in the Hills. This battle marked the last stand of George Custer and the U.S. Army’s Seventh Calvary and the last victory of Native Americans forces against the U.S. military. There is no historical account of the actual events that took place at battle, as George Custer and all of his troops were annihilated. 
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/battle_of_the_little_big_horn.htm http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/resources/archives/six/bighorn.htm http://lbha.org/ The Impact of Westward Expansion on American Indians Westward expansion in the late 19th century threatened the existence of Indians in the United States as the lands they once inhabited were signed away through treaties and hostile seizures. With the near extinction of the American bison and removal to reservations, boundless living for Indians in the American frontier ceased. Reservations, off limits to new settlement, were territories set aside by United States federal government to separate Indians from the general population to prevent further disputes. Most Indians detested reservation life as it forced them to abandon their Indian heritage and adopt lifestyles similar to those of European descendants. Their children were taken and sent to Indian Boarding Schools to learn American policy and Christianity, which prohibited the practice of Native American religion, customs, and tribal language. 
http://americanindiantah.com/history/nar_19thcenturyrelations.html http://www.lastoftheindependents.com/wounded.htm http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/WWinreservations.htm | Smith Download 0.67 Mb. Share with your friends:
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