Ice core data is gathered by climate scientists to compare the composition of the atmosphere today to its composition in the past. When snow or ice falls on certain regions on Earth, such as on Greenland, much of it does not melt. It is instead preserved for many thousands of years in layers of ice, with each layer representing one year. Such snow contains information about the atmosphere that it formed in. For example, from the ice cores, scientists can learn the concentrations of different gases in the atmosphere at different times in Earth's history.
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