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Coding vulnerability in the SCM application



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Report of the COI into the Cyber Attack on SingHealth 10 Jan 2019

15.6 Coding vulnerability in the SCM application
254. CSA’s analysis of the SCM application showed that there were signs of insecure coding practices, giving rise to a vulnerability that was likely exploited by the attacker to obtain the credentials to the AA. account.
255. Sometime in September 2014, a then-employee of IHiS, Zhao Hainan
(“Zhao”), discovered a method of exploiting the vulnerability. Zhao informed his immediate superior, Angela Chen (“Angela”), about some of his findings on or about 15 September 2014. There is some inconsistency in the evidence as to the specifics of what Zhao told Angela. It is however clear that Zhao did not inform Angela about the technical details of his findings, or the precise fact that credentials could be obtained.



COI Report – Part III
Page 87 of 425

256. Angela also gave evidence that she asked Zhao to log a case with
Allscripts, but she did not followup with him on whether he had in fact done so.
Zhao’s evidence is that Angela had asked him to provide feedback to the architecture team, but he did not know who she meant by this. More pertinently,
Zhao did in fact know that he could log a case with Allscripts, but presumed that
Allscripts “(would) not realise the importance of all this”, and thus did not log a case with Allscripts.
257. Zhao’s actions must be viewed in context of his other action of independently sending an email to Epic Systems Corporation (“Epic”), a competitor of Allscripts, on 17 September 2014. The subject of the email was
Allscripts Sunrise Clinical Products can be hacked easily”, and the email read Dear Epic, Theresa loophole in Allscripts Sunrise Clinical Manager products, where user can gain admin control of the whole database easily. The user can be just a medical student, nurse, pharmacist. This lies in their architecture of the product. Note the market share of Sunrise Clinical Manager in US hospitals, this could lead to a serious medical data leak, or even a national security threat. As a competitor, I am not sure whether you can leverage on this to gain more market share. Contact me if you guys are interested. Regards, HZ
258. On 18 September 2014, David Chambers, who is in charge of Allscripts’ businesses in Asia, wrote to Dr Chong Yoke Sin (“Dr Chong”), the CEO of IHiS at the time, informing her of Zhao’s email, and impressing that Allscripts was
treating this as a very serious matter”.
259. Dr Chong tasked Foong Lai Choo (the then-Director of the Core Apps 1 Department, which Zhao was part of) (“Lai Choo”) and Kua Cheong Kee Clarence (the Applications Service Lead for SingHealth systems, including the
SCM system) (“Clarence”) to verify whether Zhao was in fact the one who sent



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