Padilla ’21 [Luis-Alberto; 2021; president of the board of the Guatemalan International Relations & Peace Research Institute (IRIPAZ), member of the International Peace Research Association (IPRA), former Secretary General of the Latin American Council on Peace Research (CLAIP), Director of the Diplomatic Academy, Former Vice Minister, former ambassador in Chile, former permanent representative to the United Nations at the Vienna International Centre, former ambassador to Austria, former ambassador to the Russian Federation, former ambassador to the Netherlands, permanent representative to the UN in Geneva, and professor of the Seminar of World Geopolitics at the Faculty of Political Sciences of the Catholic University Rafael Landivar (URL) of Guatemala; Sustainable Development in the Anthropocene, “The need for a change of paradigm,” Ch. 5.2, p. 217] SPark
Therefore, what we know about the economy is mediated by what is thought to be the main purpose of this human activity, namely individual enrichment, which is what really matters for average individuals who want to accumulate capital within the framework of the market economy. The opposite sustainabledevelopment paradigm, which would regard the satisfaction of human needs as the purpose of the economy, must take into account the concrete situations of societies that are generally stratified and unequal. Hence work, production and economic exchanges do not occur in any idealmarket, and require legal and political regulations to try to achieve an elusive and difficult common good for the majority of the population. Such a paradigm, with a humanistic purpose, does not guide human actions in practice, as it does not correspond to the prevailing ideas, which consist of extreme individualism and selfishness. Thus it is problematic when solutions like the SDGs are proposed, based on a paradigm that is not pursued in practice because decision-makers are under the influence of the ideology of personal enrichment and neoliberalism.