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| Burnett, D. Graham. “"IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO MAKE A STEP WITHOUT THE INDIANS": NINETEENTH-CENTURY GEOGRAPHICAL EXPLORATION AND THE AMERINDIANS OF BRITISH GUIANA.” Ethnohistory 2002 49(1): 3-40.
Abstract: Reveals the multiple functions of early-19th-century geographic expeditions into the interior of lowland South America, with an emphasis on the subtle and pervasive ways that "scientific" knowledge was consistently entangled with colonial reconnaissance and administration. The travel narratives of Robert H. Schomburgk and William Hilhouse in British Guiana between 1820 and 1845 receives close scrutiny. The author notes the ways that their hybrid - in purpose and composition - expeditions shaped European conceptions of the Amerindians of the region and were in turn shaped by their presence. * Period: 1820-45. Ohrnberg, Kaj. “REACTIONS IN CAIRO TO SHAMIL'S VICTORIES: A FINN'S TESTIMONY.” Central Asian Survey [Great Britain] 2002 21(3): 279-282. Abstract: Georg August Wallin (1811-52), a Finn who pursued Oriental studies in St. Petersburg, Russia, provides insight into the mindset of people in Cairo on the wars led by Shamil in the Caucasus against Russian colonialism. * Period: 1844-45. Lucas, Peter. “"A MOST GLORIOUS COUNTRY": CHARLES DARWIN AND NORTH WALES, ESPECIALLY HIS 1831 GEOLOGICAL TOUR.” Archives of Natural History [Great Britain] 2002 29(1): 1-26. Abstract: Provides a detailed reconstruction of Charles Darwin's geological tour of North Wales in 1831, which impressed upon the scientist the importance of relating observations to theory. Darwin, who had just completed his studies, spent most of his time with geologist Adam Sedgwick (1785-1873). Sedgwick pointed out to him that observation of a natural phenomenon, such as glacial scoring, was useless without a theory to explain the observations. Darwin also spent a memorable day with future politician Robert Lowe (1811-92), who was deeply impressed by his conversations with Darwin. Darwin returned to North Wales several times throughout his career. * Period: 1831. Dyer, Colin. “THE INDIGENOUS AUSTRALIANS IN SYDNEY AND ITS ENVIRONS AS SEEN BY FRENCH EXPLORERS, 1802-1831.” Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society [Australia] 2002 88(2): 147-161. Abstract: French maritime explorers who visited Sydney early in the 19th century were appalled by the condition of the Aboriginal population. The number of Aborigines around Sydney had declined rapidly since European settlement, and disease and alcoholism racked their survivors. The French were shocked that the Aborigines were allowed to wander the streets naked and appalled by some whites whose idea of entertainment was to encourage them to fight each other for a glass of rum. The French, however, censured the Aborigines for their lack of hygiene, their treatment of their women, and for their propensity for violence. To the explorers, the Australian Aborigines seemed headed for extinction. * Period: 1802-31. Gorgas, William (Rittenhouse). “THE JOURNAL OF WILLIAM (RITTENHOUSE) GORGAS OF ALLEN TOWNSHIP IN THE COUNTY OF CUMBERLAND AND STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE 24TH YEAR OF HIS AGE.” Hudson Valley Regional Review 2002 19(1): 36-58. Abstract: Continued from a previous article in Hudson Valley Regional Review. Reprints a part of the journal of William Rittenhouse Gorgas that describes the 24-year-old Pennsylvanian's travels across the state of New York in 1830, including detailed descriptions of Albany, the Erie Canal, Rochester, Niagara Falls, and Sandusky Swamp. * Period: 1830. Gorgas, William Rittenhouse. “THE JOURNAL OF WILLIAM (RITTENHOUSE) GORGAS OF ALLEN TOWNSHIP IN THE COUNTY OF CUMBERLAND AND STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE 24TH YEAR OF HIS AGE.” Hudson River Valley Review 2002 19(2): 58-76. Abstract: Continued from a previous article (see entry 41:10225). Contains the final installment of William Gorgas's 1830 journal covering his travels from Ohio, through western Virginia, and back to his residence in Pennsylvania. He offers valuable commentary on the farmland, religious services, and amenities provided at his overnight tavern accommodations. * Period: 1830. Fulford, Tim and Lee, Debbie. “MENTAL TRAVELERS: JOSEPH BANKS, MUNGO PARK, AND THE ROMANTIC IMAGINATION.” Nineteenth-Century Contexts [Netherlands] 2002 24(2): 117-137. Abstract: Examines how the reciprocal relation between literature and imperialism, exemplified by the influence of president of the Royal Society Sir Joseph Banks (1743-1820), shaped the exploration of mental and material space during the Romantic period. In particular, discusses how the travel narrative of British explorer Mungo Park (1771-1806), which presented his expedition into central Africa as a romantic quest, inspired the imaginations of Romantic poets such as John Keats and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, whose imaginative accounts of voyages into the unknown in turn fueled British colonialism. * Period: 1760's-1820's. Lucas, Peter. “JIGSAW WITH PIECES MISSING: CHARLES DARWIN WITH JOHN PRICE AT BODNANT, THE WALKING TOUR OF 1826 AND THE EXPEDITIONS OF 1827.” Archives of Natural History [Great Britain] 2002 29(3): 359-369. Abstract: Charles Darwin's visits to Wales in 1826 and 1827 underscore his celebrated geological tour of 1831. In 1826 and 1827 Darwin briefly toured North Wales, while staying with John Price at Bodnant. These visits influenced Darwin's choice of route in 1831 and indicate that he was sufficiently familiar with the territory to serve as guide. * Period: 1826-27. Vigne, Randolph. “JOHN THACKWRAY'S TEMBULAND JOURNEY, 1827.” Quarterly Bulletin of the National Library of South Africa [South Africa] 2002 57(1): 13-18. Abstract: Hunter and trader John Thackwray (1802-28), traveling through Tembuland, South Africa, in August 1827, encountered groups of the invading Nguni peoples, part of the Mfecane, who were then in the process of displacing such indigenous groups as the amaHala. * Period: 1827. Colbert, Benjamin. “AESTHETICS OF ENCLOSURE: AGRICULTURAL TOURISM AND THE PLACE OF THE PICTURESQUE.” European Romantic Review 2002 13(1): 23-34. Abstract: Examines the place of the picturesque within an emergent subgenre, the agricultural tour, in the context of the travel writings of Arthur Young (1741-1820) and his quest for a generic form within which to explore his agriculturalist aesthetic. The period of accelerated enclosure, 1750-1815, coincided with the middle class's aesthetic and cultural discovery of the countryside. Throughout this period, nature and the natural, as embodied by the countryside, became important aesthetic and cultural values. * Period: ca 1770-1815. Martin, Michael E. “TWO CAMBRIDGE ORIENTALISTS ON ATHOS.” Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies [Great Britain] 2002 26: 149-177. Abstract: Examines the travel accounts of Joseph Dacre Carlyle (1759-1804) and John Palmer (1769-1840), two Orientalists who successively held the Cambridge University chair of Arabic and who visited Mount Athos in 1801 and 1805, respectively. A comparison of their impressions and experiences with those of Philip Hunt, Carlyle's traveling companion, provides information on the condition of the monastic buildings, gardens, and libraries as well as the natural beauty of the holy mountain. Though Hunt's account is the best known and the most useful, the accounts of Carlyle and Palmer give additional insight into religious and political life in Athos in the early 19th century. * Period: 1801-05. Starkey, Janet C. M. “NO MYOPIC MIRAGE: ALEXANDER AND PATRICK RUSSELL IN ALEPPO.” History and Anthropology [Great Britain] 2002 13(4): 257-273. Abstract: The description of Aleppo (first published in 1756) by Alexander Russell (ca. 1715-68), later edited by his half-brother Patrick Russell (1726-1805), is written in the scientific style of the Scottish Enlightenment and contains detailed accounts of the city, its inhabitants, social life, and the natural history of the region. Writing before the growth of Romantic Orientalism, the Russells were "unsentimental empirical investigators who tried to view their subject matter systematically and scientifically rather than emotionally or romantically." As such their text may be used in a multilayered manner, especially as regards the disputed concept of the "Islamic city" and their accounts of social stratification, leisure, and the culture of bathhouses and coffeehouses. * Period: 1756-1805. Moore, Abigail Harrison. “VOYAGE: DOMINIQUE-VIVANT DENON AND THE TRANSFERENCE OF IMAGES OF EGYPT.” Art History [Great Britain] 2002 25(4): 531-549. Abstract: With his Voyage dans la Basse et la Haute d'Egypte (1802), Dominique Vivant Denon (1747-1825) helped launch a European craze for the Egyptian style in architecture and the decorative arts. The work also had a political dimension, comparing as it did the Napoleonic successes with the centuries of Egyptian hegemony, which importantly predated the glories of Greece and Rome. Use of Roland Barthes's writings on images and ideology helps increase understanding of the ways in which Denon's work reconfigures the Egyptian past to serve the purposes of France's contemporary ruling class. * Period: 1789-1802. Jones, Robert. “WHAT THEN SHOULD BRITONS FEEL? ANNA LAETITIA BARBAULD AND THE PLIGHT OF THE CORSICANS.” Women's Writing [Great Britain] 2002 9(2): 285-303. Abstract: Although now a department of France, Corsica was a province of the Genoese empire for much of the 18th century. The gradual waning of that empire gave Corsicans an opportunity for freedom, which they seized in 1761. The Corsicans' success was short-lived, however, as superior French forces soon curtailed the uprising. The spectacle of liberty, asserted only to be denied, excited the interest of a number of British writers. The immediate trigger for the interest was James Boswell's An Account of Corsica, the Journal of a Tour to that Island; and Memoirs of Pascal Paoli (1768). Boswell's book combined topographical description, a travel journal, and a biographical essay in praise of the Corsican leader, General Pasquale Paoli (1725-1807). Boswell's championing of the Corsican cause was as much prompted by his desire for personal fame as enthusiasm for liberty. Other writers - most notably Anna Laetitia Barbauld - were more consistent in the understanding of the politics of Corsica and Britain's international role. In this context, Barbauld's poem, "Corsica," is a powerful piece of patriotic writing wholly committed to the cause of liberty. Barbauld's poem also critically reflects on the status of writing (perhaps writing by women in particular) in a time of emergency. As such, the poem provides valuable insight into opposition concerns on the eve of the American War. But the issue of Corsica also illuminates questions of celebrity and publicity for both male and female writers as they promote the cause of freedom. * Period: 1750's-1800. Stabler, Jane. “TAKING LIBERTIES: THE ITALIAN PICTURESQUE IN WOMEN'S TRAVEL WRITING.” European Romantic Review 2002 13(1): 11-22. Abstract: Discusses ways in which a group of English women travelers in the Romantic era broke out of masculine tutelage to voice different critiques of masculine authority and articulate their emergent independence as travel writers. The focus is on the inherent instability of the picturesque mode and the significance of Italy as the imaginary homeland and textual model of picturesque theory. * Period: 18c. Kautz, Beth Dolan. “MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT'S SALUTARY PICTURESQUE: CURING MELANCHOLIA IN THE LANDSCAPE.” European Romantic Review 2002 13(1): 35-48. Abstract: Discusses therapeutic effects of picturesque travel in the context of Mary Wollstonecraft's journey to Scandinavia in 1795 and her challenge of gendered medical definitions of melancholia in her 1796 travel narrative Letters Written during a Short Residence in Sweden, Denmark, and Norway. * Period: 1790's. Paxman, David. “"DISTANCE GETTING CLOSE": GESTURE, LANGUAGE, AND SPACE IN THE PACIFIC.” Eighteenth-Century Life 2002 26(3): 78-97. Abstract: Analyzes episodes from the accounts of British explorer James Cook (1728-79) of his voyages to Tahiti and other South Pacific islands. Examines the accounts with respect to linguistic, gestural, and locational relationship theories developed by John Locke (1632-1704), John Bulwer (1606-56), Bernard Mandeville (1670-1733), and Etienne de Condillac (1714-80). * Period: 17c-18c. Loeber, Rolf and Stouthamer-Loeber, Magda. “DUBLIN AND ITS VICINITY IN 1797.” Irish Geography [Ireland] 2002 35(2): 133-155. Abstract: Reproduces and annotates a travel diary, "Tour in the Vicinity of Dublin Performed in the Autumn of 1797," by an author, probably English, identified only by the initials "P.S.," first published in 1798 in four numbers of the London periodical The Monthly Magazine. The perceptive journal, apparently unnoticed in previous scholarship, describes the architecture of important public and private buildings, landscape features, scenery, and interesting minutiae of the Dublin metropolitan area, much of which subsequently disappeared. * Period: 1797-98. Wyngaard, Amy. “REVISING ROUSSEAU: YOUNG, LEGRAND D'AUSSY, AND THE CHALLENGE TO ENLIGHTENMENT CONSTRUCTIONS OF THE PEASANTRY, 1787-1794.” Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture 2002 31: 237-253. Abstract: Describes the documentation of the conditions of French peasants in French traveler Pierre-Jean-Baptiste Legrand d'Aussy's Voyage dans la Haute et Basse Auvergne (1788, 1794) and Englishman Arthur Young's Travels in France (1792, French edition 1793). Writing as part of a tradition of interest in the land and people of France, Legrand d'Aussy and Young wrote critical accounts of high taxes, poor farming techniques, and cultural backwardness. The reality they depicted contrasted with the sentimental portrayals by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Jean Honore Fragonard, and others who celebrated peasant simplicity and goodness. Young and Legrand d'Aussy expressed optimism that republican government would bring reforms to improve peasant life, but the French peasants' situation would changed little until the late 19th century. * Period: 1787-94. Vay, Miklos; Szakaly, Orsolya, introd. “EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY DUBLIN IN THE EYES OF A HUNGARIAN ARISTOCRAT.” Irish Economic and Social History [Ireland] 2002 29: 56-70. Abstract: This excerpt from a diary written in German by Baron Miklos Vay concerns the Hungarian baron's travel in Ireland in the 1780's. The entire trip, which also included Great Britain and France, took two years. Beginning in the 1770's, members of the Hungarian elite interested in reform typically visited Great Britain to learn about that country, particularly how it had modernized and how its constitutional monarchy might be used as a model for Hungary. Vay himself was an engineer gathering information on how to set up his own business, and his diary focuses on technical issues rather than on social issues and politics. The excerpt includes daily entries from 25 September to 12 October 1787. The entry for 6 October comments at some length on canals; other entries discuss hospitals and workhouses, among other topics. The introduction to the translation provides background on the Hungarian nobility and this particular journey. * Period: 1780's. Greene, John Patrick. “FRENCH ENCOUNTERS WITH MATERIAL CULTURE OF THE SOUTH PACIFIC.” Eighteenth-Century Life 2002 26(3): 225-245. Abstract: Accounts of Louis-Antoine de Bougainville's eight-day visit to Tahiti in 1768 and Jean Francois de Laperouse's stop of a few hours on Easter Island (Rapa Nui) in 1786 reveal French attitudes toward the indigenous peoples of the South Pacific, their habits, and their handicrafts as well as the islanders' responses to the Europeans. * Period: 1768-86. Barnes, Geraldine and Mitchell, Adrian. “MEASURING THE MARVELOUS: SCIENCE AND THE EXOTIC IN WILLIAM DAMPIER.” Eighteenth-Century Life 2002 26(3): 45-57. Abstract: English buccaneer, sea captain, and explorer William Dampier (1652-1715) chronicled his experiences in the Caribbean and the South Seas in A New Voyage Round the World (1697) and A Voyage to New Holland (1703-09). Written with a view toward the new scientific objectivity characteristic of the Enlightenment, the works are remembered more for their contribution to travel literature than to natural history. * Period: 1690's-1709. Murphy, Gretchen. “"A HOME WHICH IS STILL NOT A HOME": FINDING A PLACE FOR RANALD MACDONALD.” ATQ 2001 15(3): 225-244. Abstract: In 1847, Ranald MacDonald, son of a Scottish trader and a Chinook Indian princess, born in Oregon Territory, became purposely stranded off the coast of Japan in the first step of an unusual effort to explore that country in which Westerners were not welcome. This article discusses the various attempts, by MacDonald and others, to tell the story of his travels and impressions of Japan and its people. * Period: 19c-20c. Gunning, Sandra. “TRAVELING WITH HER MOTHER'S TASTES: THE NEGOTIATION OF GENDER, RACE, AND LOCATION IN WONDERFUL ADVENTURES OF MRS. SEACOLE IN MANY LANDS.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 2001 26(4): 949-981. Abstract: Analyzes the 1857 autobiography Wonderful Adventures of Mrs. Seacole in Many Lands, which was written by Jamaican mulatto Mary Seacole (1805-81). Republished in both Great Britain and the United States in the late 20th century, the autobiography is much more than a travelogue. It is an account of a complicated journey involving colonialism, location, hierarchy, race, class, and gender. She describes her roles in Central America and the Crimea, creating intricate identities that have yet to be explored fully by scholars. Contemporary views of the autobiography have mainly produced a "bifurcated response" that does not appreciate how Seacole's identity was a result of her transnational negotiations. * Period: 1820's-57. England, J. Merton. “TROUBLE BREWING ON DARBY: A BUCKEYE ABSCONDS TO SUCKERLAND.” Timeline 2001 18(1): 42-54. Abstract: John M. Roberts's journal of 1855-56 describes his migration from Madison County, Ohio, to Illinois in order to evade a young girl he had impregnated, as well as his subsequent return. * Period: 1855-56. Simpson, Matthew; Kirby, James E., introd. “A MISSIONARY JOURNEY TO OREGON, 1853-1854.” Oregon Historical Quarterly 2001 102(4): 454-479. Abstract: Transcribes part of the diary kept by Bishop Matthew Simpson on his trip west to visit Methodist Episcopal congregations in California and Oregon. The transcription covers 10-30 March 1854 and describes his trip by sea from San Francisco to Portland and up the Willamette River to Belknap's Settlement near Corvallis, where the Oregon Conference was being held. Simpson describes the accommodations, buildings, real estate opportunities, native peoples, and missionary progress at the places he visited on his trip, as well as the beginnings of economic development such as sawmills and railroad routes. * Period: 1854. Fegan, Melissa. “THE TRAVELLER'S EXPERIENCE OF FAMINE IRELAND.” Irish Studies Review [Great Britain] 2001 9(3): 361-371. Abstract: Discusses the impact of the Great Famine (1845-52) on British and foreign travelers as reflected in contemporary books, noting the reactions of Irish reviewers of these books - who often questioned their veracity. * Period: 1845-52. Russo, John Paul. “THE UNBROKEN CHARM: MARGARET FULLER, G. S. HILLARD, AND THE AMERICAN TRADITION OF TRAVEL WRITING ON ITALY.” Dimensioni e Problemi della Ricerca Storica [Italy] 2001 (1): 203-220. Abstract: Italy fascinated many famous American travelers throughout the 19th century. Such famous New Englanders as Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, James Russell Lowell, and Charles Eliot Norton composed books on their journeys that constitute a veritable tradition of travel writing on Italy. They established a series of oppositions between Italy and America: aristocratic versus democratic society, Catholicism versus Protestantism, leisure and indolence versus the Puritan work ethic. Lawyer and politician George Stillman Hillard and writer Margaret Fuller both continued and challenged this tradition during 1846-50. In particular, Fuller, though she never wrote a book on her travels in Italy, revised through her letters the stark oppositions established by her male counterparts. * Period: 1846-50. Wheatley, Kim. “COMEDIES OF MANNERS: BRITISH ROMANTIC-ERA WRITERS ON AMERICA.” Eighteenth-Century Life 2001 25(2): 63-77. Abstract: Compares several European travel books published between 1818 and 1824 that focused on American mannerisms. The author argues that these accounts and the American stereotypes they perpetuated were not politically motivated but were driven by the genre's popularity and entertainment value. * Period: 1820's-40's. Wheatley, Kim. “COMEDIES OF MANNERS: BRITISH ROMANTIC-ERA WRITERS ON AMERICA.” Eighteenth-Century Life 2001 25(2): 63-77. Abstract: Compares several European travel books published between 1818 and 1824 that focused on American mannerisms. The author argues that these accounts and the American stereotypes they perpetuated were not politically motivated but rather driven by the genre's popularity and entertainment value. * Period: 1820's-40's. Law, Robin. “FURTHER LIGHT ON JOHN DUNCAN'S ACCOUNT OF THE "FELLATAH COUNTRY" (1845).” History in Africa 2001 28: 129-138. Abstract: European visitors to the kingdom of Dahomey prior to the early 19th century did not venture inland beyond the royal capital at Abomey, located a hundred kilometers from the port of Ouidah (Whydah). King Gezo (d. 1858) allowed Thomas Dickson, attached to Hugh Clapperton's 1825-26 Niger expedition, to journey inland, but he left little record of these travels, due to his death in Borgu. Twenty years later, John Duncan traveled far beyond Abomey, through Borgu. In his two published accounts of this journey, Duncan described warfare between Dahomey and its enemies and claimed to have visited the "Fellatah country," which may mean the Sokoto Empire, Nupe, or even Masina. * Period: 1825-47. Ferreira, Patricia J. “FREDERICK DOUGLASS IN IRELAND: THE DUBLIN EDITION OF HIS NARRATIVE.” New Hibernia Review 2001 5(1): 53-67. Abstract: Discusses American abolitionist Frederick Douglass's (1817-95) association with the Irish, particularly his lengthy 1846 abolitionist speaking tour of Ireland sponsored by the Hibernian Anti-Slavery Society, which functioned as a vital component to his own liberation and assisted his capacity to chronicle his experiences as a slave. This was made evident in a variant edition of his 1845 autobiography The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, published in Dublin in 1846. * Period: 1845-46. Ledford, Katherine E. “"THE PRIMITIVE CIRCLE": INSCRIBING CLASS IN SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN TRAVEL WRITING, 1816-1846.” Appalachian Journal 2001-02 29(1-2): 68-89. Abstract: Early-19th-century travelers' reports often defined Appalachia as a backwater region filled with uncivilized, rustic, lower-class people. Appalachia, by its difference from Eastern cities and Northern farms, however, contributed to an emerging US national identity as a genteel, middle-class society. * Period: 1816-46. Gerzina, Gretchen Holbrook. “MOBILITY IN CHAINS: FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT IN THE EARLY BLACK ATLANTIC.” South Atlantic Quarterly 2001 100(1): 41-59. Abstract: Uses the works of such 18th-century black authors as Nancy Gardner and Paul Cuffe to illustrate the surprising mobility that blacks living in the English-speaking world enjoyed during the 18th and early 19th centuries, focusing specifically on how the travel accounts of blacks differed from the traditional conventions of travel writing and spiritual biography. * Period: 18c-1830's. Gorgas, William R. “"THE JOURNAL OF WILLIAM R. GORGAS OF ALLEN TOWNSHIP IN THE COUNTY OF CUMBERLAND AND STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE 24TH YEAR OF HIS AGE."“ Hudson Valley Regional Review 2001 18(2): 1-16. Abstract: Contains the first installment of the journal kept by Pennsylvania native William R. Gorgas during a trip he made through the Hudson River Valley and other areas in 1830. Gorgas was 24 at the time, and he made the trip with two companions. This first installment covers the portions of the journey during which the travelers visited Mechanicsburg, Trenton, Princeton, New Brunswick, New York City, the Hudson River, and Albany. * Period: 1830. Download 0.71 Mb. Share with your friends:
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