U. S. Department of Transportation



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5.6Aircraft Stabilization


The airline representative may be able to provide equipment that is helpful in stabilizing the overall aircraft during emergency operations. Some cargo aircraft are configured to accommodate a tail stand or mooring post. A mooring post can be attached to a reinforced assembly near the tail section and may help prevent tail tip. This is an accommodation that is only available through the airline. Improper installation of the mooring post or attempted installation on an aircraft not specifically configured for one will not aid in stabilizing the aircraft, but instead will likely cause additional damage to the aircraft. Some cargo carriers have specific tie downs on their ramp designed to secure the nose to the ramp. If this accommodation is available at the location of your emergency, airline representatives can make the attachments and help prevent tail tips. Some cargo carriers have specially equipped dollies equipped with heavy counter balance weights. This tool is nicknamed a “Pet Rock” in ramp jargon. This system is used to hold the nose of the aircraft on the ramp, and serves as another tool to prevent tail tip. There are times, when additional equipment may be needed to stabilize an aircraft. Many different tools, materials and pieces of equipment can be used to stabilize the aircraft. A variety of tools including cribbing, airbags, jacks, rams and heavy timber can be used to stabilize the aircraft preventing rolling, sliding, shifting, twisting, or collapse. These resources may require assistance from airlines, Fixed Based Operators (FBOs), or mutual aid departments.

Shiny metal (chrome) on struts is a reference point that should be monitored; 1-4 inches (0.025 to 0.102 M) of a shiny metal on a large frame aircraft strut is normal. This amount will vary, depending on the type of aircraft and its load. Tracking any changes in the amount of shiny metal on the strut is a good way to monitor shifts in the aircraft load and balance.

Actions that will prevent the aircraft from tail tipping or cause gear that has been compromised in the event from collapsing under the extra weight of firefighting water may be prudent or necessary.

A risk analysis should be conducted to determine if additional stabilization can be provided, or if the condition of the aircraft is providing an opportunity for the water to drain. Cracks or damage to the fuselage or open doors may already be creating an opportunity for water to drain. If the action of cracking open a door does not affect the tactics of fire attack being employed, i.e., ventilation or restricting oxygen supply to the fire, in some circumstances it could provide an escape for water and reduce the opportunity for tail tipping. Additional methods for draining water through piercing or cutting are discussed in Section 5.3.


APPENDIX A. SAMPLE HRET JOB PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENT QUALIFICATION DOCUMENT (LESSON PLAN)


SAMPLE

This guidance is intended to serve as a sample that can be used to help develop an ARFF Department’s vehicle operator training SOG, Lesson Plan, Operator Certification System, and/or Proficiency Evaluation. If used, it will need to be refined to harmonize with existing Manufacturer’s Operating Procedures, Department policies, procedures and SOGs. It has been developed through the sharing of existing procedures in place at a number of ARFF Departments operating at FAA Certificated Airports. The forms, lesson plans and suggested proficiency exercises are provided as examples. They may be replaced or modified by the department, but the intent of the examples must be satisfied in the department’s methods.



GENERAL

This Job Performance Requirement (JPR) Qualification Guidance has been developed to serve as a training lesson plan for qualification / certification of proficiency for operators of ARFF vehicles equipped with High Reach Extendable Turrets. This document identifies the job performance requirements for the specific certification in a format that allows a candidate to be trained and evaluated during the training sessions. To achieve certification, the applicant must successfully complete all task and JPRs in this Qualification Guidance document. Once a candidate has completed the process, it serves as a record of the training, evaluation and proficiency demonstration.

Before a JPR certification can be issued, successful performance of all sections must be observed and recorded by a qualified and approved evaluator.

These JPR serve as general guidelines. As such, they are not intended to replace specific sequences of apparatus or equipment operation that may be outlined by manufacturers of the apparatus or the HRET. Training shall follow department standard operating guidelines, which are harmonized with this training. If there is a question about the safe operating requirements and limitations of the specific apparatus or mounted equipment, the manufacturer’s operation manual should be referenced. When a conflict with department procedures and manufacturer’s procedures occur, manufacturer’s procedures will take precedence. Trainers / evaluators should have available manufacturer specifications and department standard operational guidelines.



Qualification

Satisfactory completion of this training program and proficiency evaluation / testing procedures qualifies an operator for assignment to a vehicle. Daily operation of a vehicle and its components helps to maintain familiarity with the controls and some of the skill sets. The skills that are not routinely practiced will diminish with time. The qualification is needed to operate a vehicle and/or HRET. This JPR Qualification is valid for One (1) year from the date of final sign off of the JPR Qualification. Records of the recurrent training and proficiency testing / evaluation for each operator shall be maintained in the ARFF training records.



Proficiency

Proficiency with ARFF vehicle operations and especially HRET operations is only developed through hands-on-training and practical experience. ARFF Vehicle and HRET operators need to develop a good sense of the range of the boom and the turret in various patterns using high and low flow rates, aim and capabilities and limitations of the device. Training exercises, as well as demonstrations of proficiencies, need to include all of the capabilities of the vehicle and HRET. This JPR Qualification Program includes examples of Proficiency events which demonstrate the ability of the Operator to safely and efficiently operate the equipment. Satisfactory completion of the Proficiency events is required for vehicle operator Qualification.



Recurrent Training

Driver / Operator Qualification issued as a result of satisfactory completion of this training program and proficiency evaluation / testing procedures qualifies an operator for assignment to a vehicle. Daily operation of a vehicle and its components helps to maintain familiarity with the controls and some of the skill sets. The skills that are not routinely practiced will diminish with time. The qualification to operate a vehicle and/or HRET does not remain in force longer than the skills required to remain proficient. Operator Qualification must be accomplished prior to the expiration date of the previously issued Qualification. Re-entry into the JPR Qualification program can also be required if the operator is found to be deficient in any required skill set. This determination can be made by the Training Officer, Company Officer, Shift Commander or the Fire Chief. Records of the recurrent training and proficiency testing / evaluation for each operator shall be maintained in the ARFF training records, and are subject to review by the Airport Safety Certification Inspector (ASCI).



Instructions:

Trainers

  1. Must be qualified and authorized in compliance with the department’s standards establishing minimum qualification for trainers, must be certified on the apparatus and it’s mounted components, and possess a current driver’s license (of the proper class, with appropriate endorsements to satisfy local requirements) before conducting any training.

  2. The applicant must fill in answers to all required questions on the JPR Qualification document to the satisfaction of the Trainer in writing. Questions requiring a verbal explanation or demonstration must be done to the satisfaction of the Trainer.

  3. Ensure that all information, dates and hours are recorded accurately in this JPR Qualification document.

  4. When complete, must provide copy of JPR Qualification to Applicant. Must file original in applicant’s FAA Training Record, which is subject to review by ASCI.

Applicants

  1. Must have a current SIDA Badge, applicable drivers license (of the proper class with appropriate endorsements to satisfy local requirements), as well as unrestricted AOA Driver’s License in their possession.

  2. Must complete driver’s license information on the certification page(s).

  3. When all JPR Qualification tasks have been documented, must obtain required signatures and save a copy for personal records.

In this space provide Departments minimum requirement for Drivers License Class and endorsements as per local requirements.

TRAINING DIVISION USE ONLY

Training and Safety Officer Signature:




Driver Training Officer Signature:











Fill In Apparatus Manufacturer and Model for this JPR Qualification
QUALIFICATION

THE SECTION BELOW MUST BE COMPLETED IN ITS ENTIRETY BEFORE AN APPARATUS


QUALIFICATION WILL BE ISSUED.

Apparatus Type or Vehicle Designation :




@ Sta.




Name (Print):




Employee or Badge Number




Rank:




Station:




Division:




Shift:




CDL or License #:




Exp:










Physical:










Exp:










Class:




Endorsements:




Restriction(s):




This applicant has satisfactorily completed a (minimum) (12) twelve hour training course in the operation of this vehicle, demonstrating the requisite knowledge and skills to effectively and safely operate this classification of apparatus. Training time may be reduced to the (6) six hours HRET Qualification if applicant is previously certified on the same make and model apparatus without a HRET. For Qualification, all documentation in the JPR Qualification Document pertaining to this apparatus must be completed.
Total training hours required is dependent upon student’s skill level and NOT the minimum hourly requirement.

Dates of Training:

From:










To:













Month

Day

Year




Month

Day

Year

Applicant’s Signature:










* Trained by:




Trainer Signature:







Print Name and Rank







* Supervisor:




Supervisor Signature:







Print Name and Rank







* Chief Officer:




Shift Commander or
Chief of Dept. Signature:








Print Name and Rank







* Your signature certifies that the above person has completed the Qualification program detailed in this booklet. This individual has completed the minimum number of training hours and demonstrated a driving ability that is consistent with all department standards and procedures.




TRAINING DIVISION USE ONLY

Training and Safety Officer Signature:




Driver Training Officer Signature:











TRAINING RECORD – FILL IN APPARATUS MAKE & MODEL

DATE TIME HRS APP. # TASK STA. #

SUPERVISOR NAME




FROM:
TO:













PRINT:




SIGN:




DATE TIME HRS APP. # TASK STA. #

SUPERVISOR NAME




FROM:
TO:













PRINT:




SIGN:




DATE TIME HRS APP. # TASK STA. #

SUPERVISOR NAME




FROM:
TO:













PRINT:




SIGN:




DATE TIME HRS APP. # TASK STA. #

SUPERVISOR NAME




FROM:
TO:













PRINT:




SIGN:




DATE TIME HRS APP. # TASK STA. #

SUPERVISOR NAME




FROM:
TO:













PRINT:




SIGN:




DATE TIME HRS APP. # TASK STA. #

SUPERVISOR NAME




FROM:
TO:













PRINT:




SIGN:




DATE TIME HRS APP. # TASK STA. #

SUPERVISOR NAME




FROM:
TO:













PRINT:




SIGN:




DATE TIME HRS APP. # TASK STA. #

SUPERVISOR NAME




FROM:
TO:













PRINT:




SIGN:


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