Unjp/sfs/002/uid revitalization of forest training centres in the sadc region for green employment – Phase I
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Education and trainingForestry education in South Africa has long traditions and is strong and well developed. Education is offered mainly at the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University (NMMU) (diploma, BSc and M.Sc. levels), Stellenbosch University (SU) (M.Sc. and BSc. levels) and the Fort Cox College of Agriculture and Forestry (FCCAF) (diploma level). The Forestry programme of the NMMU offers a subject on fire management to undergraduate Forestry students in their 1st year of study. Students are also allowed to specialize in Fire Management in their post graduate studies by taking part in the Fire Management module that forms part of the BTech in Forestry. The Forestry programme also offers a range of Short Learning Programmes that deal with wildfires. It is envisaged that the Nature Conservation, Agriculture and Game ranch Management programmes at George Campus will also incorporate modules on Wildfire management into their programme within the next 2-3 years. They have also registered a Higher Certificate in wildfire management and started to offer it this year. This programme allows individuals from all disciplines who deal with fires in the natural environment, to qualify as fire managers. For more information: www.nmmu.ac.za Stellenbosch University offers 4 years BSc degrees in forestry and wood science. It is also starting to offer a tailor made, specialist post-graduate master’s course in dryland forestry with strong emphasis on fire management. This course will be organized in collaboration with the Polytechnic of Namibia, Copperbelt University in Zambia and the University of Botswana. The University has a school of education offering e-learning training programmes and has expressed its interest to develop trainers and teachers professional and pedagogical e-learning and distance training that can be offered to other forestry colleges of the SADC region. University is recommended for producing forest scientists and is also well equipped to offer post graduate certificates by e-learning. For more information: ben@sun.ac.za Working on Fire (WoF) is a government funded job creation programme, under the overall administration of the Department of Environmental Affairs(DEA). It offers at its headquarter in Nelsprit maybe the highest level of hands-on training on various topics in fire management in Southern Africa. WoF is well equipped and interested in hosting, as well organizing short training courses in neighbouring countries. For more information: www.workingonfire.com Problems to be addressedThe following challenges have been identified by the FD (stated in the draft strategy) as major factors contributing to the inadequate prevention and combating of wildfires around the country: inadequate skill and knowledge on fire management issues by government officials, landowners and law enforcement officers inadequate understanding on alignment and application of key legislation governing fire risk management in south Africa inadequate understanding on fire risk assessment, classification, mapping and mitigation measures by government officials responsible at all spheres of government inadequate understanding on the role of fire risk reduction institutions and their inability to get support from relevant stakeholders inadequate understanding of fire early warning system by government officials and landowners which leads to disregard of pending disasters inadequate financial and nonfinancial resources to support public awareness and training campaigns poor coordination and communication between national and regional offices dealing with fires disorderly capacity building and public awareness approach between the national and regional offices including other departments dealing with the same issue different line functions, directorates and chief directorates which manage veldfires at national and regional offices staff shortage within fires management unit enforcement agencies not familiar with the legislation Proposed activitiesIn general South Africa is relatively well organized when it comes to fire management, however there are areas where FAO could support the country. The Fire Protection Association(FPA) system seems to be working very, but they are not spread all over the country. Not even in areas where wild fires actually are a major problem. FAO could facilitate establishing new FPAs and support the ones which are not yet functioning with their full capacity in key regions. Experiences from the FPA system could be also exported to neighbouring countries by supporting workshops in Zambia and Zimbabwe for high level officials or sending them to South Africa for study tour. Further the fire management education at higher level could be supported by supporting the Stellenbosch University’s dry forest management M.sc programme. This support could be further extended to facilitate student exchange programmes with neighbouring countries and to facilitate cross border fire scientists network to study impacts of fires on environment and CO2 emissions. The regional programme could benefit greatly from the expertise of the institutes (e.g. Working on Fire, Ministry of Forestry) in South Africa when organizing short “training of trainers” courses on various topics on fire management in Zimbabwe and Zambia. SUMMARY - Forest fire management component for the SADC Regional Programme Document on upgrading forestry training facilities and wood industriesOBJECTIVE The overall project objective is to create an enabling policy, institutional and management mechanism for an integrated approach to the prevention and management of fires in selected SADC countries. OUTPUTS The major outputs that can be considered as modules to be implemented are: National fire management strategies and legal and policy frameworks updated or newly developed for each country, including enabling frameworks for large-scale community-based fire management;;Increased public and stakeholder awareness on the harmonized institutional fire management framework and fire management issues in general; Capacity building, institutions strengthening and training in most needed issues as prioritized by the national strategy and needs analysis with respect to the FAO Fire Management Voluntary Guidelines; National fire information system (including fire danger rating and early warning system) for Zambia and Zimbabwe; A sub-regional fire management scientists network established (strengthening student exchange programmes and research on environmental impacts and emissions due to wildfires) and Fire Management curricula for Forestry Faculties in Universities of Zimbabwe and Zambia developed. ACTIVITIES Conduct a regional workshop to undertake needs analysis of SADC countries with respect to FAO’s Fire Management Voluntary Guidelines and their methodology to prepare countries for action in review of their national fire management policies and practices; Support countries(e.g. by conducting national workshops, expert consultations) to develop or adapt national fire management strategies, legislation, policies and practices; Develop, produce and distribute multi-media campaign on the National Fire Management Policy and Implementation Strategy. Hold annual National Fire Management Award ceremonies to share information and project achievements. Conduct national training workshops on selected priority fire management themes, which might include: community based fire management, incident command system, use of remote sensing in early warning and monitoring of fires, international agreements for cross border collaboration etc; Prepare and publish Fire Management Training Manuals and documents on best practices for fire management; Establish pilot and support existing voluntary Fire Protection Associations (FPAs) in Zimbabwe Zambia and in South Africa; Formalize a monitoring, assessment and reporting system for fire management in Zimbabwe and Zambia; Develop fire danger rating and early warning system for Zimbabwe and Zambia; Establish of a sub-regional fire scientists’ network including representatives from Universities and research institutes in Zimbabwe and Zambia (strengthening student exchange programmes and research on environmental impacts and emissions due to wildfires); Development of Fire Management curricula for Forestry Faculties in Universities of Zimbabwe and Zambia and support; Support the Stellenbosch University’s dry forest management M.sc programme (will act as a driver of the sub-regional fire scientists’ network); INPUTS Project human resource - Project coordinator (4-5 yrs) - Consultants (fire management, legal frameworks) - Technical backstopping through FAO
Workshops Workshops at local, national and regional level will be organized to support the development of national strategies, formal education and to develop capacity in selected fire related issues, etc. Technical assistance FAO will provide technical assistance for the needs analysis using the recently developed methodology for the implementation of the fire management guidelines (FAO, 2007) and technical backstopping throughout the project cycle. (iv) Capacity building Besides training of national staff at theworkshops and pilot demonstrations, documentation of case studies, publication of best practices and other modalities will be undertaken. Expendable equipment The emphasis of the project will be on software rather than hardware, however, selected equipment procurement needs will be identified during the project preparation phase. BENEFICIARIES The beneficiaries of the project include: the national governments, who will have more effective and efficient and improved national and regional fire management policies; all the national services and agencies involved in fire management who will have integral common national strategies that define better coordination between them as well coordination with neighbouring countries and will have access to better information and knowledge support; forestry education institutions like forestry colleges and universities. the civil society and other stakeholders who will benefit through increased awareness about the forest resources and fire management; the forest dependent local communities and the resource poor will have sustained supply of goods and services from forests as well as a better protection of their lives and properties; and the private sector, including forestry industry (e.g. plantation forest growers, companies, investors) and tourism, which will have better protection of forests, wildlands, natural resources and their properties. RISKS/ASSUMPTIONS The greatest risks to the project relate to the country context such as poor infrastructure and limited human resource capacity, which may slow down implementation. Appropriate planning and use of technical assistance, however, will mitigate some of these risks. Lack of sensitivity to environmental and forestry issues despite their impact on the living standards of the population and contribution to the economy and the social and cultural life of the country. Greater efforts would be made to increase awareness on the importance of more effectively managing and protecting forest resources. Authorities in countries are willing to share information and collaborate in activities which occur beyond their state land. There are existing relevant laws and provisions which provide basis framework for country to involve communities and relevant authorities to cooperate on fire management. There may not be enough resources to meet the challenges posed by wildfire; however, regional cooperation may create an enabling environment for partners to work together. The project will work at the regional (SADC), national and at local levels, with project components in selected countries. Project partners include the respective national Directorates of Forestry in these countries, local NGOs, private sector, communities and international organization. WORKPLAN During a inception phase consultants will be hired to work with the individual countries in developing detailed work plan and budgets for implementation process through national level workshops in each country to assess needs analysis in accordance with the methodology prepared by FAO (2007) – Preparing for Action to implement the Voluntary Guidelines for Fire Management. During the following years national fire management strategies and policy frameworks will be developed, capacity building, institutional strengthening and training in most needed issues as prioritized by the regional strategy and needs analysis will take place. Furthermore harmonized national standards for fire management training and an enabling framework for large-scale community-based fire management in Zambia and Zimbabwe will be developed, as well as a sub-regional fire scientists network, curriculas for universities, a monitoring assessment and reporting system for fire management in Zimbabwe and Zambia including fire danger rating and early warning system. FAO will provide technical backstopping throughout the project duration. BUDGET ESTIMATION A total of US$ 2 million. DETAILED - Forest fire management component for the SADC Regional Programme Document on upgrading forestry training facilities and wood industriesOutcome and OutputsOutcome: To create an enabling policy, institutional and management mechanism for an integrated approach to the prevention and management of fires and to reduce the threat caused by wildfires to rural livelihoods, natural environment, gazetted forests and forest plantations; increase awareness of stakeholders on fire issues and; provide training in forest fire prevention and control in selected SADC countries (Zambia, Zimbabwe and South Africa). This outcome will be the result of the following outputs: Harmonized institutional fire management framework (comprised of a draft national fire legislation, finalized policy and implementation strategy) reviewed or newly developed for each country; This output meets the FAO Fire Management: Voluntary Guidelines Strategic Action 4.1 – Fire and Resource Management Planning and will be guided by the Forest Fires and the Law – A guide for national drafters based on the voluntary guidelines - 2009 Increased public and stakeholder awareness on the harmonized institutional fire management framework and fire management issues in general; This output meets the FAO Fire Management: Voluntary Guidelines Strategic Action 4.3 – Fire Awareness and Education. Capacity building, institutions strengthening and training in most needed issues as prioritized by the national fire management framework (and needs analysis with respect to the FAO Fire Management Voluntary Guidelines)and Fire Protection Associations (FPAs) supported/established in South Africa in Zimbabwe and Zambia; This output meets the FAO Fire Management: Voluntary Guidelines Strategic Actions 4.2 – Fire Management in Protected Areas and Reserves, 4.4 – Fire Prevention, 4.6 – Fire Preparedness, including Technical Training, 4.7 – Pre-fire-season Activities, 4.13 - Planned Fire, and 4.15 – Monitoring and Assessment National fire information system (including fire danger rating and early warning system) for Zambia and Zimbabwe; This output follows the FAO Fire Management: Voluntary Guidelines Strategic Action 4.5 – Fire Danger Rating and Early Warning System, 4.8 – Fire Detection, Communications and Dispatching and Strategic Action 4.15 – Monitoring and Assessment. A sub-regional fire management scientists’ network established by representatives of Universities and research institutes (aiming at strengthening student exchange programmes and research on environmental impacts and emissions from fires) and Fire Management curricula for Forestry Faculties in Universities of Zimbabwe and Zambia developed. Outputs and activities
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