War between christian humanism & jewish materialism
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- James, the son of Zebedee
- Bartholomew (Nathaniel)
- James, the son of Alphaeus
- James the Righteous
- These stories are ones of courage, not of weakness and fear.
- Pliny the Elder
- The Hellenization of Christianity - Hellenistic philosophy and Christianity
- Epicurean and Stoic philosophers
- Stoicism and particularly Platonism were readily incorporated into Christian ethics and Christian theology.
- The Latinization of Christianity
- Martial
- Trajan
- Hermaiscus said to the Emperor Trajan, "It distresses me to see your cabinet and your privy council filled with Jews."
- Juvenal
Peter (Simon) preached first in Judea and then in Antioch, in Bithynia, in Asia, in Cilicia, died in Babylon. Paul (Saul) preached in many countries beginning in Jerusalem and ending in Rome, the capital of the world. In Rome, he was beheaded by Emperor Nero. Andrew preached within the boundaries of what later became Russia. He erected a cross on a Kievan hill and predicted the future enlightenment of Russia by the Christian faith. He preached on the shores of the Black Sea and in other countries. In Byzantium, he ordained by the laying of hands on the bishop Stachys, one of the seventy disciples. In the city of Patras in Achaea (Greece), pagans crucified him on a cross formed in the shape of the letter X, which thus came to be known as the Cross of St. Andrew. James, the son of Zebedee, preached in Jerusalem and was the first of the apostles to suffer for Christ. On orders from the Judaean King Herod Agrippa, he was beheaded in Jerusalem. John the Theologian after torture in Rome was sent in exile to the Isle of Patmos. St. John lived longer than all the other apostles and died peacefully in Asia, in the city of Ephesus. According to tradition, the apostle by his own desire was buried alive by his disciples. When, soon after burial, Christians came to open his grave, the body of St. John was not to be found. Philip preached in Asian countries with the Bartholomew and his sister Miriam. In Phrygia, a province of Asia Minor, in the city of Hierpolis, he met a martyr’s death. He was crucified head down. Bartholomew (Nathaniel) at first preached together with the Philip in Syria and Asia; after that, he went to India and translated the Gospel of Matthew into the Indian language. Later, he preached in Armenia where he suffered a martyr’s death in the city of Albanopolis. Matthew preached for a long time in Judea and then in all parts of Ethiopia (later: Abyssinia, Nubia, Kordofan, Darfun; and now: Ethiopia and the Sudan). He was killed by the sword in one of the cities of ancient Ethiopia. James, the son of Alphaeus, preached in Syria, Egypt, and in other countries. In one of these, he was crucified on a cross. Judas, the brother of James, also called Thaddeus or Lebbaeus, preached in Judah, Galilee, Samaria, and Idumea, in Arabia, Syria, and Mesopotamia. In Persia, he was hung on a wooden cross and shot with arrows. Simon the Zealot, a Canaanite, preached in Mauritania in Africa. He was also in England (formerly called Britannia). For preaching faith in Christ, he was crucified on a cross, according to one source, in Georgia on the order of the Georgian King Aderhi; and according to another source — in Persia. Matthias was chosen from the seventy to take the place of the fallen Judas. He preached in Judea and in outer Ethiopia. Returning to Judea, he suffered for Christ being first stoned and then beheaded. Mark was from among the seventy apostles and labored with the Apostle Peter. He also preached on the shores of the Adriatic Sea. He received a martyr’s end in Alexandria by being dragged behind a chariot along the stones in the city streets. Luke was from among the seventy apostles and labored with the Apostle Paul. He later preached in Egypt and ended his spiritual feat with a martyr’s death by hanging. James the Righteous, one of the seventy, was the first bishop of Jerusalem as it was established by the Lord Himself. He is called the "Brother of the Lord." St. James was thrown from the roof of the Jerusalem Temple by the Jews and then killed by a blow on the head. This was about 62 A.D. James was the first who to formulate the order of the Divine Liturgy, which was the foundation for liturgies by Basil the Great and John Chrysostom that we celebrate now. The Liturgy of James is now celebrated in Jerusalem and elsewhere on his feast day. Thomas the Apostle, also called Doubting Thomas or Didymus (meaning "Twin"), was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. He is best known for disbelieving Jesus' resurrection when first told of it, then proclaiming "My Lord and my God" on seeing Jesus in John 20:28. He was perhaps the only Apostle who went outside the Roman Empire to preach the Gospel. He is also believed to have crossed the largest area, which includes the Persian Empire and India. He was pierced with spears and then beheaded with a sword. These stories are ones of courage, not of weakness and fear.  Simon Magus was a Samaritan proto-Gnostic and traditional founder of the Simonians in the first century AD. His only Biblical reference is in Acts 8:9-24 and prominently in several apocryphal and heresiological accounts of early Christian writers, some of whom regarded him as the source of all heresies, particularly St. Justin who wrote about Simon about one hundred years after his life. He is also mentioned in a great number of Gnostic texts and was according to them one of the leaders of the early Gnostics.
Simony is the crime of paying for sacraments and consequently for holy offices or positions in the hierarchy of a church, named after Simon Magus. Simon Magus offers the disciples of Jesus, Peter and John, payment so that anyone on whom he would place his hands would receive the power of the Holy Spirit. This is the origin of the term simony but it also extends to other forms of trafficking for money in "spiritual things". Simon Magus (Simon the Magician) was a Samaritan magus or religious figure and a convert to Christianity, baptized by Philip the Evangelist, whose later confrontation with Peter is recorded in Acts 8:9-24. In early traditions Simon is often regarded as the source of all heresies. (There is another kind of ‘Peter’ which when added to Simon could have become the Simon Peter, the first Pope, who was buried in a pagan cemetery. The Apostle Peter was more likely buried in the city of Babylon, which was the center of Jewish learning and commerce.)  Pliny the Elder (Gaius Plinius Secundus) (23 AD – 8/25, 79 AD), was a Roman author, naturalist, and natural philosopher, as well as naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and personal friend of the emperor Vespasian. First c. Roman naturalist. He said that Jews despise all gods but their own, and are masters of sorcery. (Natural Histories) In his "Natural History", talks about the "Jewish wickedness", and refers to them as "Jews, are well-known for his contempt for the gods."
95 Council of Jamnia - Jewish leadership declare that Christians could no longer worship in synagogues. The Council of Jamnia is a hypothetical late 1st-century council at which the canon of the Hebrew Bible was alleged to have been finalized. First proposed by Heinrich Graetz in 1871, this theory was popular for much of the 20th century. Now, there are other theories. The Talmud relates that some time before the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, Rabbi Yohanan ben Zakkai relocated to the city of Yavne/Jamnia, where he received permission from the Romans to found a school of Halakha (Jewish law). Yavne was also the town where the Sanhedrin relocated after the destruction of the Temple. Zakkai's school became a major source for the later Mishna, which records the work of the Tannaim, and a wellspring of Rabbinic Judaism. In 1871 Heinrich Graetz, drawing on Mishnaic and Talmudic sources, theorized that there must have been a late 1st century Council of Jamnia which had decided the Jewish canon. The prevailing scholarly consensus is that the Council was actually dealing with other concerns entirely. The notion of a biblical canon was not prominent in second-century Rabbinic Judaism or even later and the "notion of Torah" was expanded to include the Mishnah, Tosefta, Jerusalem Talmud, Babylonian Talmud and midrashim. Pope Clement I (fl. 96), also known as Saint Clement of Rome, is listed from an early date as a Bishop of Rome. He was the first Apostolic Father of the Church. He may have been the fourth Bishop of Rome, first being appointed to a Jewish congregation, as he was probably Jewish. ****The Apostles' Creed It is widely used by a number of Christian denominations including the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church, Lutheranism, the Anglican Communion, and Western Orthodoxy. It is also used by Presbyterians, Methodists, and Congregationalists. The name of the Creed comes from the probably fifth-century legend that, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit after Pentecost, each of the Twelve Apostles dictated part of it. It is traditionally divided into twelve articles. Because of its early origin, it does not address some Christological issues defined in the later Nicene and other Christian Creeds. It thus says nothing explicitly about the divinity of either Jesus or of the Holy Spirit. This makes it acceptable to many Arians and Unitarians. Nor does it address many other theological questions that became objects of dispute centuries later. 1. I believe in God, the Father almighty, creator of heaven and earth. 2. I believe in Jesus Christ, his only Son, our Lord. 3. He was conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit and born of the Virgin Mary. 4. He suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried. 5. He descended into hell. On the third day he rose again. 6. He ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father. 7. He will come again to judge the living and the dead. 8. I believe in the Holy Spirit, 9. the Holy Catholic Church, the communion of saints, 10. the forgiveness of sins, 11. the resurrection of the body, 12. and life everlasting. Amen. The Hellenization of Christianity - Hellenistic philosophy and Christianity refers to the complex interaction between Hellenistic philosophy and early Christianity during the first to fourth centuries. The conflict between the two modes of thought is recorded in Paul's encounters with Epicurean and Stoic philosophers in Acts 17:18, his diatribe against Greek philosophy in 1 Corinthians 1:18-31 and his warning against philosophy in Colossians 2:8. However, as Christianity spread throughout the Hellenic world, an increasing number of church leaders were educated in Greek philosophy. The dominant philosophical traditions of the Greco-Roman world at the time were Stoicism, Platonism, and Epicureanism. Stoicism and particularly Platonism were readily incorporated into Christian ethics and Christian theology. Christian assimilation of Hellenic philosophy was anticipated by Philo and other Greek-speaking Alexandrian Jews. Philo's blend of Judaism, Platonism, and Stoicism strongly influenced Christian Alexandrian writers like Origen and Clement of Alexandria, as well as, in the Latin world, Ambrose of Milan. The Latinization of Christianity - Christian writers in Latin had more influence there than those who wrote in Greek, Syriac, or other Eastern languages. Though the first Christians in the West used Greek, by the fourth century Latin had superseded it even in the cosmopolitan city of Rome, while there is evidence of a Latin translation of the Bible in the 2nd century (see also Vetus Latina) in southern Gaul and the Roman province of Africa.  Martial (Marcus Valerius Martialis) (3/1, 38-41 AD –102-104 AD), was a Latin poet from Hispania (the Iberian Peninsula) best known for his twelve books of Epigrams, published in Rome between AD 86 and 103, during the reigns of the emperors Domitian, Nerva and Trajan. In these short, witty poems he cheerfully satirizes city life and the scandalous activities of his acquaintances, and romanticizes his provincial upbringing. He wrote a total of 1,561, of which 1,235 are in elegiac couplets. He is considered to be the creator of the modern epigram. There are three principle themes to Martial’s epigrammatic attacks on the jews: A) That the jews are a dirty and unclean people.; B) That the jews are a lecherous people and frequently attempt to seduce others.; C) That the jews are tricksters, thieves, liars and frauds.
In his "Epigrams", he believes the Jewish followers of a cult whose true nature is secret to hide from the eyes of the world, and attacked the circumcision, Shabbat (or Sabbath, ie doing nothing on the seventh day of week, which gave them lazy press) and abstinence from pork. Trajan (9/18, 53 – 8/8, 117 AD) was Roman emperor from 98 AD until his death. As a civilian administrator, Trajan is best known for his extensive public building program which reshaped the city of Rome and left multiple enduring landmarks such as Trajan's Forum, Trajan's Market and Trajan's Column. 98 Hermaiscus said to the Emperor Trajan, "It distresses me to see your cabinet and your privy council filled with Jews."  Juvenal (Decimus Iunius Iuvenalis), was a Roman poet active in the late 1st and early 2nd century AD, author of the Satires. “A Jew will never show the way to a Gentile or lead him to a fountain... The Jews will sell you any dream you please for small change.” (Satires) Juvenal also had a good deal to say on the propensity of the Jews living in Rome for magic and sorcery, which is interesting in the light of the constant complaint of later Christian writers that they were involved in the very same thing, an accusation always scoffed at by Jewish apologists as a figment of the neurotic medieval imagination. "Sacred Source, pleasant grove and temples today arrendaros the Jew, which shall be reduced to a chest and hay. Every tree there is tax. After Anubis, leaving hay basket and, trembling softly, a Jewish mendígale ear; She interprets the Hebrew laws and jungle aricina It's high priestess and predicts; Dale also money, but little, because for whatever price you guess, according to your desire, how wilt a Hebrew dreams. Tender love fat promises or Syrian or Armenian heritage haruspex, still warm pigeon studying the lungs, and sometimes a child while being as heinous crime and the defendant The Informer. ' Source: satire Decimus Iunius Iuvenalis
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