8th Grade Social Studies Practice crct multiple Choice Questions

a. Describe the evolution of Native American cultures (Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, and Mississippian) prior to European contact.

1. 
   Later groups demonstrated fewer cultural developments.
   
2. 
   As they evolved, Native American groups were less likely to remain in one area.
   
3. 
   Over time they developed more advanced technology and better agricultural techniques.
   
4. 
   Eventually, Native American groups relied more on hunting for food instead of agriculture.
   

1. 
   evolution of early Native American cultures in Georgia.
   
2. 
   change in Georgia under the Royal Governors.
   
3. 
   impact of the Spanish Mission systems.
   
4. 
   effects of entrepreneurs on Georgia.
   

1. 
   They had already adopted most of European culture.
   
2. 
   They were evolving both culturally and technologically.
   
3. 
   They were on the decline and Europeans saved the cultures.
   
4. 
   They had become more technologically advanced than Europeans.
   

1. 
   Mississippian, Woodland, Archaic, Paleo
   
2. 
   Paleo, Archaic, Woodland, Mississippian
   
3. 
   Paleo, Woodland, Mississippian, Archaic
   
4. 
   Archaic, Paleo, Mississippian, Woodland
   

b. Evaluate the impact of European contact on Native American cultures; include Spanish missions along the barrier islands and the explorations of Hernando DeSoto.

1. 
   slaves; goods
   
2. 
   religion; disease
   
3. 
   weapons; religion
   
4. 
   culture, hurricanes
   

1. 
   Savannah was developed.
   
2. 
   Native American culture declined.
   
3. 
   Native American culture expanded.
   
4. 
   Spanish Catholics adopted Native American beliefs.
   

1. 
   They were the last expeditions.
   
2. 
   He removed the Cherokee's from Georgia.
   
3. 
   He was the first European to explore the area.
   
4. 
   James Oglethorpe was a part of the expeditions.
   

1. 
   the Stamp Act
   
2. 
   Spanish Missions
   
3. 
   Hernando DeSoto
   
4. 
   European Exploration
   

c. Explain reasons for European exploration and settlement of North America, with emphasis on the interests of the French, Spanish, and British in the southeastern area.

1. 
   there were connections to major waterways
   
2. 
   the west and northwest was covered with snow
   
3. 
   that was the only area the countries had settlements
   
4. 
   the Caribbean Sea was the major trading area of the world
   

1. 
   Georgia, Florida, South Carolina
   
2. 
   French, Spanish, British
   
3. 
   Germans, Mexican, British
   
4. 
   Yamacraw, Creek, Yamasee
   

1. 
   The French and Spanish were allied together in an effort to completely remove the British presence from the Southeast.
   
2. 
   Only Georgia provided the necessary combination of fertile land and friendly Indian tribes to have a long term, stable colony.
   
3. 
   It was the first place each one had designated as their primary colony in the new world, therefore, none of the countries could afford to leave the Southeast.
   
4. 
   All three countries had an interest in expanding; France’s trade from the west, Spain’s mission systems from the south and Great Britain’s trade networks from the north.
   

1. 
   It provided a strategic position to attach French Settlements in the north.
   
2. 
   There were natural resources in the area they could use to make their country richer.
   
3. 
   They had made an agreement to cooperate and settle the region together.
   
4. 
   It was the easiest place to get to.
   

a. Explain the importance of James Oglethorpe, the Charter of 1732, reasons for settlement (charity, economics, and defense), Tomochichi, Mary Musgrove, and the city of Savannah.

1. 
   defense
   
2. 
   missions
   
3. 
   economics
   
4. 
   exploration
   

1. 
   Oglethorpe hired him to develop Savannah.
   
2. 
   He led violent revolts against the colonists.
   
3. 
   The Yamacraw used him to encourage the malcontents.
   
4. 
   He was a mediator between the colonists and the Yamacraw.
   

1. 
   It provided King George an opportunity to invade Spain.
   
2. 
   It was never approved and Oglethorpe founded the colony illegally.
   
3. 
   It stated reasons why Georgia needed to be independent of England.
   
4. 
   It listed multiple reasons, including charity, defense, and economics, for founding Georgia.
   

1. 
   led the initiative to get the Charter to start the colony.
   
2. 
   fought in the Revolutionary War alongside Elijah Clarke.
   
3. 
   founded and developed the city of Atlanta.
   
4. 
   served as one of the first Royal Governors.
   

1. 
   Mary Musgrove
   
2. 
   Tomichichi
   
3. 
   Nancy Hart
   
4. 
   Austin Dabney
   

b. Evaluate the Trustee Period of Georgia’s colonial history, emphasizing the role of the Salzburgers, Highland Scots, malcontents, and the Spanish threat from Florida.

1. 
   malcontents were trying to take over the colony.
   
2. 
   original Charter was inaccurate and needed to be removed.
   
3. 
   Trustees did not represent the changing population in Georgia.
   
4. 
   Spanish threat from Florida was the most important issue of the time.
   

1. 
   Salzburgers
   
2. 
   Highland Scots
   
3. 
   Malcontents
   
4. 
   Moravians
   

1. 
   give the unemployed colonists something to do.
   
2. 
   serve as protection against the Spanish in Florida.
   
3. 
   appease the Highland Scots when they complained.
   
4. 
   fulfill the obligations of the contract with England.
   

1. 
   Spanish
   
2. 
   Moravians
   
3. 
   Malcontents
   
4. 
   Salzburgers
   

c. Explain the development of Georgia as a royal colony with regard to land ownership, slavery, government, and the impact of the royal governors.

1. 
   Georgia lost territory, especially around Savannah
   
2. 
   Georgia gained territory, particularly in the west
   
3. 
   Creek and Cherokee Indians gained territory through negotiations
   
4. 
   The Proclamation of 1763 prevented Georgia from gaining any land
   

1. 
   It was more organized, better funded, and had more authority.
   
2. 
   It was weaker and caused several serious conflicts with Spain.
   
3. 
   The Royal Governors successfully avoided all conflicts with Indians.
   
4. 
   The Government caused the colony not to grow and lost huge sums of money.
   

a. Explain the immediate and long-term causes of the American Revolution and their impact on Georgia; include the French and Indian War (Seven Years War), Proclamation of 1763, Stamp Act, Intolerable Acts, and the Declaration of Independence.

1. 
   There were no soldiers from Georgia in the Revolutionary army.
   
2. 
   Georgia had delegates that signed the Declaration of Independence.
   
3. 
   Georgia followed South Carolina in seceding from the Union.
   
4. 
   The Stamp Act and Intolerable Acts were popular in Georgia.
   

1. 
   It prevented them from expanding westward.
   
2. 
   It prevented them from trading with Indian tribes.
   
3. 
   It required them to house British Soldiers in their homes.
   
4. 
   It required them to pay extra taxes and fees to France.
   

1. 
   France wanted revenge after losing the war and negotiated with the colonies to fight England.
   
2. 
   Indians that fought in the war supported the colonies and encouraged them to fight the British.
   
3. 
   England went into debt because of the war and decided to tax the colonies to get their money back.
   
4. 
   England was unhappy with the colonies performance in the war and punished them with taxes.
   

1. 
   The Georgia Constitution
   
2. 
   The Articles of Confederation
   
3. 
   The United States Constitution
   
4. 
   The Declaration of Independence
   

b. Analyze the significance of people and events in Georgia on the Revolutionary War; include Loyalists, patriots, Elijah Clarke, Austin Dabney, Nancy Hart, Button Gwinnett, Lyman Hall, George Walton, Battle of Kettle Creek, and siege of Savannah.

1. 
   It was the first time the British won a Battle.
   
2. 
   It was the attempt to re-take Savannah from the British.
   
3. 
   It was the largest Loyalist victory in the American Revolution.
   
4. 
   It was a Loyalist defeat and encouraged other patriots in Georgia.
   

1. 
   signing the Declaration of Independence.
   
2. 
   fighting in the Battle of Kettle Creek.
   
3. 
   participating in the siege of Savannah.
   
4. 
   serving as Governors after the Revolution.
   

1. 
   lost the Battle of Kettle Creek.
   
2. 
   was a slave that fought against the British.
   
3. 
   provided the British with key information as a spy.
   
4. 
   successfully took Savannah back from British control.
   

1. 
   Elijah Clarke
   
2. 
   Austin Dabney
   
3. 
   Button Gwinnett
   
4. 
   James Oglethorpe
   

a. Analyze the strengths and weaknesses of both the Georgia Constitution of 1777 and the Articles of Confederation, and explain how weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation led to a need to revise the Articles.

1. 
   problems of having England rule over the colonies.
   
2. 
   reasons for writing the Declaration of Independence.
   
3. 
   strengths of the Georgia Constitution of 1777, which other states later copied.
   
4. 
   weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation that led to a need to revise the Articles.
   

1. 
   There was no standing military to threaten the colonies.
   
2. 
   The central government couldn’t levy taxes on the states.
   
3. 
   In foreign affairs, the 13 colonies were united under one government.
   
4. 
   No written document existed so the rules of government were flexible.
   

b. Describe the role of Georgia at the Constitutional Convention of 1787; include the role of Abraham Baldwin and William Few, and reasons why Georgia ratified the new constitution.

1. 
   There were no other Georgian’s at the Constitutional Convention of 1787.
   
2. 
   Only Baldwin had the college education necessary to serve in the national legislature.
   
3. 
   Baldwin was at the Second Continental Congress that wrote the Declaration of Independence.
   
4. 
   He served at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that helped create the national legislature.
   

1. 
   pushed for many new amendments to the Constitution.
   
2. 
   copied the United States Constitution as its own.
   
3. 
   ratified the new Constitution, as did the other colonies.
   
4. 
   fought to delay the ratification of the Constitution.
   

a. Explain the establishment of the University of Georgia, Louisville, and the spread of Baptist and Methodist churches.

1. 
   The University of Georgia was established in Athens.
   
2. 
   Louisville was established as the third capital of Georgia.
   
3. 
   Savannah was no longer used as a major center of commerce.
   
4. 
   The headright system was established to encourage businesses to move to Georgia.
   

1. 
   University of Georgia
   
2. 
   Georgia Tech University
   
3. 
   Georgia State University
   
4. 
   Valdosta State University
   

1. 
   Jewish and Trustee
   
2. 
   Catholic and Muslim
   
3. 
   Scot and Salzburger
   
4. 
   Baptist and Methodist
   

b. Evaluate the impact of land policies pursued by Georgia; include the headright system, land lotteries, and the Yazoo land fraud.

1. 
   ruined any chance Georgia had of removing Indians from its territory.
   
2. 
   divided state political figures and strained Georgia’s relationship with the Federal government.
   
3. 
   was the primary event that led to Georgia entering the Revolutionary war, where many citizens died.
   
4. 
   caused Georgia to go into a deep depression because of the amount of money they had to pay people that owned the lands.
   

1. 
   It created a buffer zone of land that protected Georgians from violent Creek and Cherokee Indian tribes.
   
2. 
   Georgia violated the Constitution and had to defend the system at the Supreme Court.
   
3. 
   Since each head of household was granted only 200 acres, the system left most of Georgia unclaimed.
   
4. 
   It was more successful and eventually replaced the land lottery system.
   

c. Explain how technological developments, including the cotton gin and railroads, had an impact on Georgia’s growth.

1. 
   Railroads eventually led to many people leaving Georgia, which had a negative effect on Georgia’s growth.
   
2. 
   The cotton gin required more slaves to harvest the additional cotton and this slowed the overall growth of Georgia.
   
3. 
   Because of the new technologies, more cotton could be produced and shipped quicker, which greatly increased Georgia’s growth rate.
   
4. 
   Neither the cotton gin nor the development of railroads had any significant impact on Georgia’s growth since Georgia remained the same size.