After South Carolina seceded, they seized us arsenals, mints, and other public property within its borders. Ft. Sumter was still held by Union troops. The fort was low on supplies when it was laid siege to by confederate forces
Download 21.18 Kb.
|
- Navigate this page:
- The Union ultimately had more men and resources to throw into the war.
- The Draft
- national banking system
- Emancipation Proclamation
- Sherman’s March
- Copperheads
- Robert E. Lee
| Name: ____________________________________ Class: _____________ Date: __________________
Chapter 16 – Girding for War, the North and the South Explain the background surrounding the attack on Fort Sumter. What happened afterwards? After South Carolina seceded, they seized US arsenals, mints, and other public property within its borders. Ft. Sumter was still held by Union troops. The fort was low on supplies when it was laid siege to by confederate forces. Lincoln wasn’t sure how to proceed – do we fight, or let them surrender? He sent an expedition to re-provision, not reinforce. The south saw it as an attack. The US navy heads to SC which the south sees as an act of aggression. They fire on Ft. Sumter. What role did the border states play in the uneasy year before Civil War officially erupted? Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware, West Virginia among others did not secede with the other states. If the north had fired first, they would likely have seceded. These states had manufacturing capabilities, pack animals, and important rivers, plus strategic access to the southern grain, gunpowder and iron stores. They and their loyalty were important to both sides. What advantages did each side have before the Civil War? South had home field advantage (North had to invade), they are fighting for way of life, had talented military leaders; southerners are bred to fight, used to handling horses and firearms; stole federal weapons, ran blockades, developed iron works, had plenty of food; The North had a strong economy, superior navy, 2/4 of wealth and railroad, controlled the sea, blockaded the south, traded with Europe, had more manpower (immigrants, too). Describe the uneasy relationship between the North, the South, and England during the war years. Be sure to include cotton, wheat, and corn as well as diplomacy and ship building. At first, England wanted cotton but didn’t need it until after the Emancipation Proclamation. The common Brit didn’t want to support slave states; Northerners sent food to England to ease the hardship for out of work mill workers; as Union troops captured Southern territories, they shipped captured cotton to England. War machine in England provided jobs. Kings Wheat and Corn grew, and were shipped to Britain; Britain wouldn’t risk access to food by breaking blockade to get cotton. Britain is the chief naval base of the South as she builds ships for the south. This is viewed as a breach of British neutrality. What steps did Lincoln take in preparation for war? How did he justify them? (Be sure not to forget financial issues!) Proclaimed a blockade, increased federal army, spent $2 million through private hands for military purposes; suspended habeus corpus so anti-Unionists could be arrested. Arranged for supervised voting in border states; suspended certain newspapers; reestablished national banking system. In what ways did the Federal Government expand its power during the early years of the war? What role did the draft play in the Civil War? It caused frustration – the rich could hire subs ($300) in the north, or in the South slaves could stand in. Initially, most of the soldiers were volunteers, but as the need for more men increased, the draft was resented. How did Confederate leadership show initiative and daring early in the Civil War? Blockade running was successful early on in the war because it took some time for the Union to fully man the seaboard. Using British built ships, the Confederate navy made a killing by raiding Union ships in the Atlantic. Brilliant leadership by Lee and Jackson allowed for victories early on. The Confederate troops used guerilla tactics and the rebel yell to intimidate and harry the Union forces. How did Lincoln’s decision to issue the Emancipation Proclamation reframe the purpose of the war and prevent the Confederacy from gaining full diplomatic support from European powers? By moving the focus away from preserving the Union and toward the moral issue of slavery, it limited the amount of support that the Confederacy could get from Europe. Most European powers had already abolished slavery and knew their people would not support the slave states of the Confederacy. How did the Union ultimately succeed? The Union ultimately had more men and resources to throw into the war. Vocabulary: Fort Sumter a sea fort in Charleston, South Carolina, notable for two battles of the American Civil War. Border States Four slave states never declared a secession: Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, and Missouri. Four others did not declare secession until after the Battle of Fort Sumter: Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. Jefferson Davis an American politician who was a U.S. Representative and Senator from Mississippi, the 23rd U.S. Secretary of War, and the President of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War. The Draft a legislation passed by the United States Congress during the American Civil War to provide fresh manpower for the Union Army. National Banking System designed to create a national banking system, float federal war loans, and establish a national currency. Congress passed the act to help resolve the financial crisis that emerged during the early days of the American Civil War Emancipation Proclamation The Emancipation Proclamation was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863 which freed slaves in states still in open rebellion against the Union. Sherman’s March From November 15 until December 21, 1864, Union General William T. Sherman led some 60,000 soldiers on a 285-mile march from Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia. The purpose of this “March to the Sea” was to frighten Georgia's civilian population into abandoning the Confederate cause. Copperheads comprised a vocal faction of Democrats in the Northern United States of the Union who opposed the American Civil War, wanting an immediate peace settlement with the Confederates. Robert E. Lee an American general known for commanding the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in the American Civil War from 1862 until his surrender in 1865. Ulysses S. Grant Commanding General of the United States Army, Grant worked closely with President Abraham Lincoln to lead the Union Army to victory over the Confederacy in the American Civil War Download 21.18 Kb. Share with your friends:
|