Scope 1: Direct GHG Emissions:
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Emissions from all airport-owned plant and equipment including airport owned vehicles and generation of electricity, heat and steam in airport-owned or leased plant. This includes electricity, heat and steam exported or distributed to other users. The emissions from such exported energy may be reported separately if it is metered but it shall not be deducted from the total direct emissions. Emissions from leased equipment which is operated by or on behalf of the airport shall be included in Scope 1 emissions.
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Scope 2: Electricity indirect GHG emissions
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Emissions arising from the generation of purchased electricity as well as purchased heat or steam consumed by the organisation. Emissions from the generation of purchased electricity, heat or steam which is subsequently resold to third parties may be netted off from Scope 2 emissions calculation if it is metered.
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Scope 3: Other indirect GHG emissions
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Emissions from facilities and activities up and down the value chain: extraction/production of purchased materials, transportation of purchased fuels, use of products/services sold by the organisation, waste disposal. Significant Scope 3 GHG emissions on an airport include emissions from the LTO cycle and surface access (staff and passenger travel).
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Control:
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An airport can take action to directly reduce emissions relating to activities over which it has either operational or financial control. This could be achieved through changes to infrastructure, investments in new technologies, changes to management or operational processes or changes in user behaviour. These are generally scope 1 and 2 emissions
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Guide:
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These are activities undertaken by a third party but which are central to the airport’s operation. Although activities are not directly manageable by the airport company, airports could be expected to guide these activities by working in partnership with, and steering, business partners to change operational practices and/or undertake joint measures. For example, an airport could work with airlines to provide the relevant physical and operational infrastructure to reduce taxiing times or could guide the waste management contractor to reduce landfill emissions through robust contractual arrangements and incentives.
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Influence:
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These activities are undertaken independently by a third party and not directly manageable by the airport. Therefore, an airport can only influence that organisation to adopt emission reduction measures. This could include emissions from airport buildings owned or controlled by third parties or emissions from third party owned and operated vehicles.
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Verification
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The process of independent third party checking of a carbon footprint calculation and statement by the third party that the results are accurate.
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Liquid & Gaseous Fuels
For liquid fuels the emissions factors are per LITRE of fuel - so you should convert all fuel quantities into LITRES if you wish to use these emissions factors. To convert a tonne of fuel into litres you should find the DENSITY (kg/litre or tonne/m3) and use one of the following formulae:
Tonnes to litres:  or 
Kg to litres:  or 
Emissions factors for common fuels
Derived from GHG Protocol worksheets
Fuel
|
Emissions factor
|
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Motor Gasoline
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2.2717926
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kg CO2/litre
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Aviation Gasoline
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2.202758433
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kg CO2/litre
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Jet Kerosene
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2.4909885
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kg CO2/litre
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Other Kerosene
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2.518208
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kg CO2/litre
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Gas/Diesel oil
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2.675288
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kg CO2/litre
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LPG
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1.6108488
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kg CO2/litre
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|
|
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Natural Gas
|
0.20196
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kg CO2/kWh
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These factors are based on Net Calorific/Heating Value and the data in the GHG Protocol Stationary Combustion Worksheet Version 3. If any of the above fuels are being burnt in a Condensing boiler they will be INCORRECT because the calculation in this case should use the Gross Calorific Value.
Emissions factors for grid electricity
Your country’s environmental regulator, ministry or equivalent may publish emissions factors for grid electricity that are more up-to-date (and therefore accurate) than the emissions factors published in the GHG protocol. Airports should use the most accurate figure possible to calculate their emissions from electricity consumption.
From GHG Protocol worksheet using 2008 energy mix
Country
|
Emissions Factor
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Units
|
Albania
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13.8455
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g CO2/kWh
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Algeria
|
596.4572
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g CO2/kWh
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Angola
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37.5851
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g CO2/kWh
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Argentina
|
365.9994
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g CO2/kWh
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Armenia
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164.6095
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g CO2/kWh
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Australia
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883.306
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g CO2/kWh
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Austria
|
182.756
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g CO2/kWh
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Azerbaijan
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416.4636
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g CO2/kWh
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Bahrain
|
650.7411
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g CO2/kWh
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Bangladesh
|
573.7064
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g CO2/kWh
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Belarus
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303.3955
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g CO2/kWh
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Belgium
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248.975
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g CO2/kWh
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Benin
|
696.8456
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g CO2/kWh
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Bolivia
|
497.0934
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g CO2/kWh
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Bosnia and Herzegovina
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928.2924
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g CO2/kWh
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Botswana
|
1789.1616
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g CO2/kWh
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Brazil
|
88.854
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g CO2/kWh
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Brunei Darussalam
|
754.5034
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g CO2/kWh
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Bulgaria
|
488.8623
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g CO2/kWh
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Cambodia
|
1159.7317
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g CO2/kWh
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Cameroon
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230.2538
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g CO2/kWh
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Canada
|
180.58
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g CO2/kWh
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Chile
|
411.5191
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g CO2/kWh
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China (including Hong Kong)-IEA
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744.9504
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g CO2/kWh
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China (mainland)
|
744.8369
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g CO2/kWh
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Taiwan, China
|
650.2443
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g CO2/kWh
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Colombia
|
107.0157
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g CO2/kWh
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Congo
|
107.5293
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g CO2/kWh
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Costa Rica
|
63.4452
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g CO2/kWh
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Côte d'Ivoire
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448.8374
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g CO2/kWh
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Croatia
|
341.4155
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g CO2/kWh
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Cuba
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913.4552
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g CO2/kWh
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Cyprus
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758.6603
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g CO2/kWh
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Czech Republic
|
543.894
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g CO2/kWh
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Dem. People's Republic of Korea
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481.3564
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g CO2/kWh
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Democratic Republic of Congo
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3.8943
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g CO2/kWh
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Denmark
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307.755
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g CO2/kWh
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Dominican Republic
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626.4611
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g CO2/kWh
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Ecuador
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261.9708
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g CO2/kWh
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Egypt
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459.7638
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g CO2/kWh
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El Salvador
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252.1738
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g CO2/kWh
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Eritrea
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669.1777
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g CO2/kWh
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Estonia
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751.8614
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g CO2/kWh
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Ethiopia
|
118.5277
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g CO2/kWh
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Finland
|
187.118
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g CO2/kWh
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France
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82.717
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g CO2/kWh
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FYR of Macedonia
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786.4156
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g CO2/kWh
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Gabon
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401.1059
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g CO2/kWh
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Georgia
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80.7383
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g CO2/kWh
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Germany
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441.181
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g CO2/kWh
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Ghana
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214.3357
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g CO2/kWh
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Gibraltar
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756.7048
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g CO2/kWh
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Greece
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731.218
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g CO2/kWh
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Guatemala
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335.7278
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g CO2/kWh
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Haiti
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480.4733
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g CO2/kWh
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Honduras
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409.2977
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g CO2/kWh
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Hong Kong, China
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757.4229
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g CO2/kWh
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Hungary
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330.842
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g CO2/kWh
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Iceland
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0.749
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g CO2/kWh
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India
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968.2265
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g CO2/kWh
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Indonesia
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726.138
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g CO2/kWh
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Iraq
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812.045
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g CO2/kWh
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Ireland
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486.205
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g CO2/kWh
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Islamic Republic of Iran
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581.6609
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g CO2/kWh
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Israel
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693.2951
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g CO2/kWh
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Italy
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398.464
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g CO2/kWh
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Jamaica
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784.6682
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g CO2/kWh
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Japan
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436.453
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g CO2/kWh
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Jordan
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588.9758
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g CO2/kWh
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Kazakhstan
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438.8794
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g CO2/kWh
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Kenya
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328.5304
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g CO2/kWh
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Korea
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459.235
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g CO2/kWh
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Kuwait
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613.6518
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g CO2/kWh
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Kyrgyzstan
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93.7565
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g CO2/kWh
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Latvia
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162.2356
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g CO2/kWh
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Lebanon
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705.2286
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g CO2/kWh
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Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
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885.374
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g CO2/kWh
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Lithuania
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114.4369
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g CO2/kWh
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Luxembourg
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314.782
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g CO2/kWh
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Malaysia
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655.9169
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g CO2/kWh
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Malta
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848.708
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g CO2/kWh
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Mexico
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439.963
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g CO2/kWh
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Mongolia
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539.2671
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g CO2/kWh
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Morocco
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717.8061
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g CO2/kWh
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Mozambique
|
0.3984
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g CO2/kWh
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Myanmar
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285.2407
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g CO2/kWh
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Namibia
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423.8569
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g CO2/kWh
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Nepal
|
3.3067
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g CO2/kWh
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Netherlands
|
392.079
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g CO2/kWh
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Netherlands Antilles
|
706.5435
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g CO2/kWh
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New Zealand
|
213.515
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g CO2/kWh
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Nicaragua
|
477.2342
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g CO2/kWh
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Nigeria
|
403.4043
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g CO2/kWh
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Norway
|
5.238
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g CO2/kWh
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Oman
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857.6931
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g CO2/kWh
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Pakistan
|
451.1194
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g CO2/kWh
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Panama
|
273.2275
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g CO2/kWh
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Paraguay
|
0
|
g CO2/kWh
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Peru
|
225.0121
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g CO2/kWh
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Philippines
|
486.7668
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g CO2/kWh
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Poland
|
653.44
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g CO2/kWh
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Portugal
|
383.544
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g CO2/kWh
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Qatar
|
533.875
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g CO2/kWh
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Republic of Moldova
|
467.6805
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g CO2/kWh
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Romania
|
416.6456
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g CO2/kWh
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Russian Federation
|
325.5125
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g CO2/kWh
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Saudi Arabia
|
754.1919
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g CO2/kWh
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Senegal
|
562.5632
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g CO2/kWh
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Serbia
|
670.8746
|
g CO2/kWh
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Singapore
|
531.0437
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g CO2/kWh
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Slovak Republic
|
217.154
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g CO2/kWh
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Slovenia
|
328.8321
|
g CO2/kWh
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South Africa
|
834.9481
|
g CO2/kWh
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Spain
|
325.878
|
g CO2/kWh
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Sri Lanka
|
420.4963
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g CO2/kWh
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Sudan
|
609.0862
|
g CO2/kWh
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Sweden
|
39.939
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g CO2/kWh
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Switzerland
|
27.385
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g CO2/kWh
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Syrian Arab Republic
|
612.6372
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g CO2/kWh
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Tajikistan
|
30.6259
|
g CO2/kWh
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Thailand
|
529.1102
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g CO2/kWh
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Togo
|
206.4878
|
g CO2/kWh
|
Trinidad and Tobago
|
686.7318
|
g CO2/kWh
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Tunisia
|
522.0711
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g CO2/kWh
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Turkey
|
495.279
|
g CO2/kWh
|
Turkmenistan
|
795.1471
|
g CO2/kWh
|
Ukraine
|
386.1146
|
g CO2/kWh
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United Arab Emirates
|
842.0557
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g CO2/kWh
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United Kingdom
|
486.949
|
g CO2/kWh
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United Republic of Tanzania
|
242.1504
|
g CO2/kWh
|
United States
|
535.031
|
g CO2/kWh
|
Uruguay
|
306.7745
|
g CO2/kWh
|
Uzbekistan
|
443.8443
|
g CO2/kWh
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Venezuela
|
202.5534
|
g CO2/kWh
|
Vietnam
|
413.0283
|
g CO2/kWh
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Yemen
|
636.1625
|
g CO2/kWh
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Zambia
|
3.1282
|
g CO2/kWh
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Zimbabwe
|
618.7319
|
g CO2/kWh
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Other Africa
|
498.5389
|
g CO2/kWh
|
Other Asia
|
279.248
|
g CO2/kWh
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Other Latin America
|
220.9112
|
g CO2/kWh
|
Middle East
|
687.0654
|
g CO2/kWh
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Airport Carbon Accreditation has already received formal endorsement from the European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC) and the European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation (EUROCONTROL).
 
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