A number of academics have emphasized, however, that tight ethnic enclaves may not always impede Bosnian absorption into the wider receiving community and may even be beneficial in the adaption process (Franz 2003c; Lucken 2010; Cheah et al. 2011, 2013). According to Ives (2005), Bosnians in the United States, in contrast to their countrymen in Denmark, thought they could completely integrate into American culture despite initial financial difficulties. A study conducted in St. Louis by Cheah et al. (2011; 2013) corroborated this: "Our results demonstrated that a refugee may concurrently possess both U.S. cultural and ethnic identity salience" (Cheah et al. 2013, p. 412). Although it is not a necessary addition, Cheah et al. (2013) pointed out the value of a welcoming host community in the facilitation of these processes. Researchers discovered that how Bosnians interpreted American views toward them had a major impact on their ability to adjust to a new environment.
