Cyber defense
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| CIBERDEFENSA ORIENTACIONES PARA EL DISEÑO, PLANEAMIENTO, IMPLANTACIÓN Y DESARROLLO DE UNA CIBERDEFENSA MILITAR 8 The continuous transformation of the armed forces to adapt itself to the current strategic scenarios is an essential component of the defense policy of nations. This transformation and adaptation are especially unique in historical moments when anew domain of operations is recognized. This has been the case, throughout history, in the milestones that have incorporated Navy, air force, and cyber force into the armed forces. The transformation of the armed forces, to adapt to the new current strategic scenario that considers cyberspace as the fifth domain of operations, is occurring unequally in the nations. In general, the development of cyber forces and the art of their use (military cyber defense) is in its initial maturity level. The purpose of this guide is to offer orientation to realize this transformation and develop a military cyber defense capability comprehensively and methodically, at all necessary levels. The guide provides an operational model, considering cyber defense a component of joint military operations and therefore aimed at the mission and not yielding to the usual IT systems security-based approach. The terminology used is mostly military rather than the usual technical terminology, thus reinforcing understanding from a military perspective and facilitating the integration of cyber defense when engaged in joint action with other domain of operations. The content is organized into nine units (cyberspace, domain of operations, military cyber defense, cyber force, cyber threat, doctrinal principles, cyber ecosystem, legal aspects and standards) to provide a comprehensive approach. The cyberspace unit analyzes the environment in which cyber defense activities take place it provides a practical representation that facilitates its understanding, study and use and it analyzes the main part of cyberspace (the Internet, including the deep and dark web. The domain of operations unit details all the fundamental components of a military domain of operations from a cyberspace perspective, highlighting its particularities and differences with traditional domain of operations. The military cyber defense unit brings cyber defense closer to the military art of using cyberspace and military operations in cyberspace (cyber operations, while proposing a cyber operations taxonomy. The cyber force unit details the aspects to be considered in the process of developing the military force responsible for planning and conducting military operations in cyberspace and the basic capabilities it must have to carryout its tasks successfully. The cyber threat unit analyzes the global threat landscape and trends, and in particular, the main threat associated with States, advanced persistent threats, and how to fight them. The doctrinal principles unit analyzes the applicability to cyberspace of the traditional principles of joint operations. The cyber ecosystem unit puts military cyber defense in context and analyzes relationships with its natural environments, national and international cyber security and the private sector. The legal aspects unit analyzes the current situation of consensus in the application of international law to cyber operations, both in peacetime and in wartime or peacekeeping missions, and considers those aspects that are most relevant for military cyber defense. Lastly, cyber defense and cyber security standards are analyzed and assessed. Definitions and acronyms of the most relevant terms used in the guide are included to provide abetter understanding. |