Ellen r. M. Druffel

Curriculum Vitae

Croul Hall 3222, U.C. Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697–3100

Phones: Office (949) 824–2116, Fax (949) 824–3874

Email: edruffel at uci.edu Group website: http://sites.uci.edu/druffel/ KCCAMS website: http://www.ess.uci.edu/ams

Loyola Marymount University B.S. (Chemistry)

University of California, San Diego M.S. (Chemistry)

University of California, San Diego Ph.D. (Chemistry)

2013– Fred Kavli Endowed Chair, Earth System Science

1993– Professor, Department of Earth System Science, UC Irvine

2002– Co–Director, Keck Carbon Cycle AMS Laboratory

1996– Research Associate, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, Geol. Res. Div.

1987–1988 Resident Scholar, Oceanography Department, UC Santa Cruz

1981–1993 Scientist, Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI)

1980–1981 Postdoctoral Investigator, Chemistry Dept., UCSD
Professional Societies:

American Geophysical Union (AGU, Ocean Sciences Section President & Union Council member 2004–2006)

The Oceanography Society (TOS, Council Member 2000–2004)

Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography (ASLO)

2016 Roger Revelle Medal, AGU

2011 Golden Key International Honor Society Honorary Member

2010 Elected Fellow of TOS

2004–2009 NSF ADVANCE Chair at UCI

2004 Ruth Patrick Award, ASLO

2003 WHOI Steinbach Scholar in Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry

2001 Elected to the Hall of Fame, Loyola Marymount University

2001 Elected Fellow of AAAS

1998 Best Paper Award, Organic Geochemistry Div. of Geochemical Society, Eglinton et al.1997

1990 James B. Macelwane Medal and Fellow of AGU

1987–1988 Visiting Professorships for Women Award, NSF

Scientific Committee, 2^nd International Radiocarbon in the Environment Conference 2017

Visiting Committee, Ocean Sciences Department, U.C. Santa Cruz 2016

Ambassador Award Task Force, Chair, AGU, 2014

TOS Fellows Committee 2011–2015

IAEA CRP, Nuclear and Isotopic Studies of the El Niño Phenomenon in the Ocean Co–Chair 2004–2013

NSF Panel Reviews, Paleo Perspectives on Climate Change and Chemical Oceanography, 2011

Associate Editor Marine Chemistry 2000–2015

Editorial Board Radiocarbon 1989–

AGU Nominations Committee, 2008–2010

NSF Advisory Committee for Geosciences (AC/GEO) 2006–2008

Palmyra Atoll Research Consortium Science Committee Co–Chair 2006–2008

Visiting Committee Chair, School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria B.C. 2006

Visiting Committee, Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution 2005

Instructor Short Course for Radiocarbon in Ecology and Earth System Science 2004–

Waterman Award Selection Committee 2004–2006

Steering Committee IGBP/WCRP/IHDP, Global Carbon Joint Project 2001–2003

International Committee of Inter-comparisons for Radiocarbon Dating 1997–2002

AGU Honors and Recognition Committee Chair 2000–2002

NOSAMS External Policy Board 1995–1998, Chair 1996–1998

NRC Committee on Major U.S. Ocean Programs 1996–1998

NSF–sponsored FOCUS (Future of Ocean Chemistry in the U.S.) Co–Chair 1997–1999

NSF Academic Fleet Review Committee 1998

National Research Council Ocean Studies Board 1994–1997

NSF Advisory Committee for Ocean Sciences 1993–1994

AGU Union Committee of Fellows Chair 1994–1996, member 1992-1994

Ocean Studies Board Committee on Oceanic Carbon 1992–1994

Editorial Board Oceanography Magazine 1987–2003

UCI Research Seed Funding Program and Technology Development Innovation Fund reviewer 2016

UCI Board on Undergraduate Scholarships, Honors and Financial Aid 2015–2016

UCI Task Force on Sustainability Education and Executive Committee on Sustainability Initiative 2013–

UC MEXUS–CONACYT Proposal Review Committee 2013

UCI Physical Sciences Dean’s Advisory Council 2011–2013

UCOP Marine Council member 2004–2006

UCOP Committee on President’s Postdoctoral Fellowships 2001–2008, 2015

Chair, Department of Earth System Science 1997–2000

Co–authored proposal to form B.S. in Earth and Environmental Sciences 2000

Equity Advisor for the School of Physical Sciences 2002–2004

UCI Committee Memberships:

Distinctions Committee 2015–

Sustainability Initiative Faculty Executive Committee 2014–

Deans’ Review Committees 2004, 2006, 2008, 2016

Search Committee for Dean of Graduate Studies 2006

ADVANCE Program Advisory Committee 2004–2007

Marine Council Steering Committee 2001–2005, Acting Chair 2002–2003

Committee on Educational Policy and Subcommittee on Policy 2002–2005

Physical Sciences Dean Search Committees 1998, Chair 2011

Ad hoc Committees on Tenure/Promotion 1996, Chair 1999
Books and Special Volumes Edited:

2016 Radiocarbon and Climate Change: Mechanisms, Applications and Laboratory Techniques, Editors E.A.G. Schuur, S.E. Trumbore and E.R.M. Druffel, Springer, New York/Heidelberg.

2009 Sanchez–Cabeza, J.A. and E.R.M. Druffel, 2009. Environmental Records of Anthropogenic Impacts on Coastal Ecosystems. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 59 (4-7) Elsevier.

1998 Smith, Jr., K.L. and E.R.M. Druffel, 1998. Topical Studies in Oceanography: Long Time–series Monitoring of an Abyssal Site in the NE Pacific, Dedication to Peter M. Williams. Deep–Sea Research Part II, Vol. 45, No. 4–5, Pergamon.

2006 North, G.R., F Biondi, P. Bloomfield, J.R. Christy, K.M. Cuffey, R.E. Dickinson, E.R.M. Druffel, D. Nychka, B. Otto-Bliesner, N. Roberts, K.K. Turekian, J.M. Wallace, I. Kraucunas (2006). Surface Temperature Reconstruction for the Last 2,000 Years, National Research Council, Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate Division on Earth and Life Studies, ISBN–10: 0–309–10225–1, NRC Statement to Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations, Committee on Energy and Commerce, US House of Representatives.

2004 Druffel, E.R.M. Comments on the importance of black carbon in the global carbon cycle, Marine Chemistry, 92, 197–200.

2003 Global Carbon Project (2003). Science Framework and Implementation. Earth System Science Partnership (IGBP, IHDP, WCRP, DIVERSITAS) Editors: J.G. Canadell, R. Dickinson, K. Hibbard, M. Raupach and O. Young, Prepared by the Scientific Steering Committee of the Global Carbon Project, Apps, M. et al. Report No. 1; Global Carbon Project Report No. 1, 69 pp, Canberra.

2001 Druffel, E.R.M. (2001). Help broaden the nominations for AGU awards. Eos Trans. AGU, 82 (38), 417.

1999 Druffel, E.R.M. and B. Robison. Is the deep sea on a diet? Science 284, 1139–1140.

1999 Mayer, L., E. Druffel, M. Bender, E. Boyle, R. Jahnke, W. Jenkins, C. Lee, G. Luther, and B. Moore. Even more interdisciplinary future lies ahead for ocean chemistry, Eos Trans. AGU 80(18), 207–210.

1994 Druffel, E.R.M. Looking at gender distribution among AGU Fellows. Eos Trans. AGU 75 (37), 429–429, 10.1029/94EO01062.

1994 Druffel, E.R.M. Reply to: A second look at gender distribution among AGU Fellows.

Eos Trans. AGU 76 (24), 244–244, 10.1029/95EO00141.

1990 Druffel, E.R.M. Major Challenges in Chemical Oceanography. Oceanography 3, 51–52.

1988 Williams, P.M. and E.R.M. Druffel (1988). Dissolved organic matter in the ocean: Comments on a controversy. Oceanography 1, 14–17.
Refereed Publications: (* student or postdoctoral)

Sayani, H.R., K.M Cobb, K. DeLong, N.T. Hitt and E.R.M Druffel. Intercolony δ¹⁸O and Sr/Ca variability among Porites spp. corals at Palmyra Atoll: Towards more robust coral-based estimates of climate, Geochemistry, Geophysics and Geosystems, in review.

Druffel, E.R.M., S Griffin, N. Wang and B.D. Walker. Temporal variability of dissolved organic radiocarbon in the deep North Pacific Ocean. Radiocarbon, in review.

Guilderson, T.P., D.P. Schrag, E.R.M. Druffel and R. Reimer. Post-Bomb Subtropical North Pacific Surface Water Radiocarbon History. Oceanography in review.

Goodkin, N., A. Bolton, K.B. Karnauskas, K.A. Hughen, S. Griffin, K. H. Phan, S.T. Vo, and E.R.M. Druffel. Decline of East Asian Winter Monsoon variability since the 18^th century. Nature Geoscience, in revision.

Toggweiler, J.R, E.R.M. Druffel, R. Key and E. Galbraith, How cool subantarctic water reaches the surface in the tropics. Journal of Geophysical Research, in revision.

Toggweiler, J.R, E.R.M. Druffel, R. Key and E. Galbraith. On the upwelling exposed by the surface distribution of Δ¹⁴C. Journal of Geophysical Research, in revision.

2017

175. Walker, B.D., E.R.M. Druffel, J. Kolasinski, B.J. Roberts, X. Xu and B.E. Rosenheim (2017), Stable and radiocarbon isotopic composition of dissolved organic matter in the Gulf of Mexico, Geophysical Research Letters, 44 DOI:10.1002/2017GL074155.

174. Cain, W.F., S. Griffin, K. Druffel-Rodriguez and E.R.M. Druffel (2017), Uptake of carbon for cellulose production in a White Oak from Western Oregon USA, Radiocarbon, 59, DOI:10.1017/RDC.2017.82.

173. Druffel, E.R.M., S. Griffin, * C. S. Glynn, R. Benner and B. D. Walker. Radiocarbon in dissolved organic and inorganic carbon of the Arctic Ocean (2017). Geophysical Research Letters, 44 DOI:10.1002/2016GL072138

172. Walker, B.D., S. Griffin and E.R.M. Druffel (2017). Effect of acidified versus frozen storage on marine dissolved organic carbon concentration and isotopic composition, Radiocarbon, 59, 3, 843–847. DOI:10.1017/RDC.2016.48.

171. Rafter, P., S.C. Sanchez, J Ferguson, E.R.M. Druffel, H.D. Graven, J.R. Southon and J.D. Carriquiry (2017). Eastern tropical North Pacific coral radiocarbon reveals North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO) variability, Quaternary Science Reviews 160, 108-115.

2016

170. Wang, X., C. Xu, E.R.M. Druffel, Y. Xue and Y. Qi (2016). Two black carbon pools transported by the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers, Global Biogeochemical Cycles, doi:10.1002/2016GB005509.

168. Walker, B.W. S.R. Beaupré, T.P. Guilderson, M.D. McCarthy, E.R.M. Druffel, (2016). Pacific carbon cycling constrained by organic matter size, age and composition relationships, Nature Geoscience doi:10.1038/ngeo2830.

167. Druffel, E.R.M., S. Griffin, * A. I. Coppola, and B. D. Walker (2016). Radiocarbon in dissolved organic carbon of the Atlantic Ocean. Geophysical Research Letters, 43, doi:10.1002/2016GL068746.

166. * Coppola, A.I. and E.R.M. Druffel (2016). Cycling of black carbon in the oceans. Geophysical Research Letters, 43 DOI:10.1002/2016GL068574.

165. Druffel, E.R.M., S.R. Beaupré and L.A. Ziolkowski (2016). Chapter 5: Radiocarbon in the Oceans, in Radiocarbon and Climate Change: Mechanisms, Applications and Laboratory Techniques. Editors E.A.G. Schuur, S.E. Trumbore and E.R.M. Druffel, Springer International Publishing, New York/Heidelberg, 139-166.

164. Schuur, E.A.G., S.E. Trumbore, E.R.M. Druffel, J.R. Southon, A. Steinhof, R.E. Taylor, J.C. Turnbull, X. Xu (2016). Chapter 1: Radiocarbon and the Global Carbon Cycle, in Radiocarbon and Climate Change: Mechanisms, Applications and Laboratory Techniques, Editors E.A.G. Schuur, S.E. Trumbore and E.R.M. Druffel, Springer International Publishing, New York/Heidelberg, 1-19.

163. Southon, J.R., R. De Pol–Holz, E.R.M. Druffel (2016). Chapter 7: Paleoclimatology, in Radiocarbon and Climate Change: Mechanisms, Applications and Laboratory Techniques, Editors E.A.G. Schuur, S.E. Trumbore and E.R.M. Druffel, Springer International Publishing, New York/Heidelberg, 221-252.

162. Bolton, A, N.F. Goodkin, E.R.M. Druffel, S. Griffin, S.A. Murty (2016). Upwelling of Pacific Intermediate Water in the South China Sea revealed by coral radiocarbon record, Radiocarbon, 58 37-53.

161. Salvatteci, R., D. Gutierrez, A. Sifeddine, L. Ortlieb, E. Druffel, and R. Schneider (2016). Centennial to millennial–scale changes in oxygenation and productivity in the Eastern Tropical South Pacific during the last 25,000 years, Quaternary Science Reviews 131, 102-117.

2015

159. Druffel, E.R.M. and S. Griffin (2015). Radiocarbon in dissolved organic carbon of the South Pacific Ocean, Geophy. Res. Lett. 42, 4096–4101, doi:10.1002/2015GL063764.

158. * Pack, M. A., M. B. Heintz, W. S. Reeburgh, S. E. Trumbore, D. L. Valentine, X. Xu, and E.R.M. Druffel (2015). Methane oxidation in the eastern tropical north Pacific water column, Journal of Geophysical Research, Biogeosciences 120, doi:10.1002/2014JG002900.

157. Druffel, E.R.M., S. Griffin, * D. Vetter, R. B. Dunbar, and D. Mucciarone, (2015). Identification of frequent La Niña events during the early 1800s in the east equatorial Pacific, Geophy. Res. Lett. 42,

doi:10.1002/2014GL062997.

2014

155. Druffel, E.R.M., S. Griffin, * D.S. Glynn, R.B. Dunbar, D.A. Muciarone and J. R. Toggweiler (2014). Seasonal radiocarbon and oxygen isotopes in a Galapagos coral: Calibration with climate indices, Geophysical Research Letters 41, DOI: 10.1002/2014GL060504.

154. Gonsior, M., N. Hertkorn, M.H. Conte, W.J. Cooper , D. Bastviken, E.R.M. Druffel and P. Schmitt–Kopplin (2014). Photochemical production of polyols arising from significant photo–transformation of dissolved organic matter in the oligotrophic surface ocean, Marine Chemistry 163, 10–18.

153. Osborne, M.C., R.B. Dunbar, D.A Mucciarone, E.R.M. Druffel, J.A. Sanchez–Cabeza (2014). A 215–year coral δ¹⁸O time series from Palau records dynamics of the West Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) following the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA), Coral Reefs doi:10.1007/s00338–014–1146–1.

152. * Coppola, A.I., L.A. Ziolkowski, C.A. Masiello, E.R.M. Druffel (2014). Aged black carbon in marine sediments and sinking particles. Geophysical Research Letters 41, doi:10.1002/2013GL059068.

2013

150. Osborne, M., R.B. Dunbar, D. Mucciarone J.–A. Sanchez, E.R.M. Druffel (2013). Regionally consistent calibrations of coral proxy records from Palau, West Pacific Warm Pool, Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 386, 308–320.

149. Bertrand, C., * B.D. Walker, S. Griffin, E.R.M. Druffel (2013). Comparison of particulate organic and dissolved inorganic radiocarbon signatures in the surface northeast Pacific Ocean, Radiocarbon 55 (2–3), 1651–1658.

148. * Coppola, A.I., L.A. Ziolkowski, E.R.M. Druffel (2013). Extraneous carbon assessments in radiocarbon measurements of black carbon in environmental matrices, Radiocarbon 55 (2–3) 1631–1640.

147. Druffel, E.R.M., S. Griffin, * B.D. Walker, * A.I. Coppola, * D.S. Glynn (2013), Total uncertainty of radiocarbon measurements of marine dissolved organic carbon and methodological recommendations, Radiocarbon 55 (2–3) 1135–1141.

146. * Glynn, D.S., E.R.M. Druffel, S. Griffin, R.B. Dunbar, M. Osborne, J.–A. Sanchez–Cabeza (2013). Early bomb radiocarbon detected in Palau Archipelago corals, Radiocarbon 55 (2–3) 1659–1664.

145. Komada, T., D.J. Burdige, S.M. Crispo, E.R.M. Druffel, S. Griffin, L. Johnson, (2013). Dissolved organic carbon dynamics in anaerobic sediments of the Santa Monica Basin, Geochemica et Cosmochimica Acta 110, 253–273.

2012

143. Goodkin, N.F., E.R.M. Druffel, K.A. Hughen and S.C. Doney (2012). Two centuries of limited variability in subtropical North Atlantic thermocline ventilation, Nature Communications 3:803
doi: 10.1038/ncomms1811.

142. * Druffel–Rodriguez, K.C. * D. Vetter, S Griffin, E.R.M. Druffel, R.B. Dunbar, D.A. Mucciarone, * L.A. Ziolkowski and J.–A. Sanchez–Cabeza, (2012). Radiocarbon and stable isotopes in Palmyra corals during the past century, Geochemica et Cosmochimica Acta 82, 154–163.

2011

140. * Walker, B.D., * S.R. Beaupré, T.P. Guilderson, E.R.M. Druffel, and M.D. McCarthy, (2011). Evaluation of large–volume ultrafiltration for the study of marine dissolved organic matter radiocarbon signatures. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 75, 5187–5202.

139. * Ziolkowski, L.A., A.R. Chamberlin, J. Greaves and E.R.M. Druffel (2011). Quantification of black carbon in marine systems using the benzene polycarboxylic acid method: a mechanistic and yield study. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 9, 140–149.

138. McCarthy, M. * S.R. Beaupré, B.D. Walker, I. Voparil, T.P. Guilderson and E.R.M. Druffel (2011). Chemosynthetic origin of 14C-depleted dissolved organic matter in a ridge-flank hydrothermal system, Nature Geoscience 4, 32–36.

137. Santos, G.M., J. Ferguson, * K. Acaylar, K.R. Johnson, S. Griffin and E.R.M. Druffel (2011). Δ¹⁴C and δ¹³C of seawater dissolved inorganic carbon as tracers of coastal upwelling: A 5–year time–series from Southern California. Radiocarbon 53 (4), 669–677.

2010

135. * Zaunbrecher, L., K.M. Cobb, J.W. Beck, C.D. Charles, E.R.M. Druffel, R.G. Fairbanks, S. Griffin, and H. Sayani (2010). Coral Records of Central Tropical Pacific Radiocarbon Variability during the Last Millennium, Paleoceanography, 25, PA4212, doi:10.1029/2009PA001788.

134. Hwang, J. E.R.M. Druffel, T.I. Eglinton (2010). Widespread influence of resuspended sediments on oceanic particulate organic carbon: Insights from radiocarbon and aluminum contents in sinking particles, Global Biogeochemical Cycles 24, GB4016, doi:10.1029/2010GB003802.

133. * Ziolkowski, L. A., and E.R.M. Druffel (2010). Aged black carbon identified in marine dissolved organic carbon, Geophysical Research Letters 37, L16601, doi:10.1029/2010GL043963.

132. Druffel, E.R.M., * S.R. Beaupré, S. Griffin, and * J. Hwang (2010). Variability of dissolved inorganic radiocarbon at a surface site in the Northeast Pacific Ocean. Radiocarbon 52(3), 1150–1165.

131. Druffel, E.R.M., D. Zhang, X. Xu, * L.A. Ziolkowski, J.R. Southon, G.M. Santos and S.E. Trumbore (2010). Compound specific radiocarbon analyses of phospholipid fatty acids and alkanes in ocean sediments. Radiocarbon 52(3), 1215–1223.

130. Griffin, S, S.R. Beaupré and E.R.M. Druffel (2010). An alternate method of diluting dissolved organic carbon seawater samples for ¹⁴C analysis. Radiocarbon 52(3), 1224–1229.

129. Santos, G.M. J.R. Southon, N.J. Drenzek, , L. Ziolkowski, E.R.M. Druffel, X. Xu, D. Zhang and S.E. Trumbore T.I. Eglinton, K.A. Hughen (2010). Blank assessment for ultra–small radiocarbon samples: chemical extraction and separation vs. AMS. Radiocarbon 52(3), 1322–1335.

128. * Hinger, Elise N., G.M. Santos, S. Griffin and E.R.M. Druffel, (2010). Carbon Isotope Measurements of Surface Seawater from a Time–Series Site off Southern California, Radiocarbon 52 (1), 69–89.

2009

126. * Beaupré, S.R. and E.R.M. Druffel, (2009) Constraining the propagation of bomb–radiocarbon through the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) pool in the northeast Pacific Ocean. Deep–Sea Research 56(10), 1717–1726.

125. * Ziolkowski, L. and E.R.M. Druffel, (2009). Detection of carbon nanotubes using the benzene polycarboxylic acid method, Marine Pollution Bulletin 59, 126–131.

124. * Drenzek, N.J., K.A. Hughen, D.B. Montluçon, J.R. Southon, G.M. dos Santos, E.R.M. Druffel, L. Giosan, and T. I. Eglinton (2009). A new look at old carbon in active margin sediments, Geology 37, 239–242.

123. * Hansman, R. S. Griffin, J. Watson, E. Druffel, A. Ingalls, A. Pearson, and A. Aluwihare, (2009). The radiocarbon signature of microorganisms in the mesopelagic ocean, Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 106, 6513–6518.

122. Sanchez–Cabeza, J.A. and E.R.M. Druffel, 2009. Environmental Records of Anthropogenic Impacts on Coastal Ecosystems. Marine Pollution Bulletin 59, (4–7), 87–218, Elsevier.

2008

121. Druffel, E.R.M., J.E. Bauer, S. Griffin, S.R. Beaupré, J. Hwang (2008). Dissolved inorganic radiocarbon in the North Pacific Ocean and Sargasso Sea, Deep–Sea Research I 55 (4), 451–459. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2007.12.007

119. Druffel, E.R.M. and S. Griffin (2008). Daily variability of dissolved inorganic radiocarbon at three sites in the surface ocean, Marine Chemistry 110, 185–189.

2007

118. Santos, G.M., J.R. Southon, S. Griffin, * S.R. Beaupré and E.R.M. Druffel (2007). Ultra small–mass ¹⁴C–AMS sample preparation and analyses at KCCAMS Facility, Nuclear Instrumentation and Methods in Physics Research B 259, 293–302.

116. * Beaupré, S.R., E.R.M. Druffel and S. Griffin, (2007). A low–blank photochemical extraction system for concentration and isotopic analyses of marine dissolved organic carbon, Limnology and Oceanography: Methods 5, 174–184.

115. * McDuffee, K. and E.R.M. Druffel (2007). Daily variability of dissolved inorganic radiocarbon in Sargasso Sea surface water, Marine Chemistry 106, 513–518.

2006

113. Ingalls, A.E., S.R. Shah, R.L. Hansman, L.I. Aluwihare, G.M. Santos, E.R.M. Druffel, A. Pearson (2006). Quantifying archaeal community autotrophy in the mesopelagic ocean using natural radiocarbon. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 103 (17), 6442–6447.

112. * Hwang, J. and E.R.M. Druffel, T.I. Eglinton, and D.J. Repeta (2006). Source(s) and cycling of the non–hydrolyzable organic fraction of oceanic particles, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta doi:10.1016/j.gca.2006.07.020.

111. * Hwang, J. and E.R.M. Druffel, (2006). Carbon isotope ratios of organic compound fractions in oceanic suspended particles, Geophysical Research Letters 33, L23610, doi:10.1029/2006GL027928.

2005

110. Druffel, E.R.M., J.E. Bauer and S. Griffin (2005). Input of particulate organic and dissolved inorganic carbon from the Amazon to the Atlantic Ocean, Geochemistry, Geophysics and Geosystems 6(3), Q03009, doi:10.1029/2004GC000842.

108. * Komada, T., E.R.M. Druffel and * J. Hwang (2005), Sedimentary rocks as sources of ancient organic carbon to the ocean: An investigation through ∆¹⁴C and d¹³C signatures of compound classes, Global Biogeochemical Cycles 19, GB2017, doi:10.1029/2004GB002347.

107. * Hwang, J., E.R.M. Druffel, and * T. Komada (2005). Transport of organic carbon from the California coast to the slope region: A study of ∆¹⁴C and d ¹³C signatures of organic compound classes, Global Biogeochemical Cycles 19, GB2018, doi:10.1029/2004GB002422.

106. J. Southon, G.M. Santos, E.R.M. Druffel, S. Griffin, S.E. Trumbore and X. Xu (2005). High throughput, high precision ¹⁴C AMS with a small accelerator. International Symposium on Utilization of Accelerators, Dubrovnik, Croatia, 05–09 June 2005. IAEA–CN–115–10.

2004

105. * Komada, T., E.R.M. Druffel, S. E. Trumbore, (2004). Oceanic export of relict carbon by small mountainous rivers. Geophysical Research Letters 31 (7), 7504, doi:10.1029/2004GL019512.

103. * Loh, A.N., J.E. Bauer and E.R.M. Druffel (2004). Variable aging and storage of dissolved organic components in the open ocean, Nature 430 (7002), 877–881.

102. Southon, J.R. G.M. Santos, * K.C. Druffel–Rodriguez, E.R.M. Druffel, S.E. Trumbore, X. Xu, S. Griffin; * S. Ali; * M. Mazon (2004). The Keck Carbon Cycle AMS Laboratory, U.C.I.: Initial operation and a background surprise. Radiocarbon 46 (1), 41–50.

101. Druffel, E.R.M, S. Griffin, * J. Hwang, * T. Komada, * S.R. Beaupre, * K.C. Druffel–Rodriguez, G.M. Santos and J. Southon (2004). Variability of radiocarbon during the 1760s in monthly corals from the Galapagos Islands, Radiocarbon 46 (2), 627–632.

2003

100. * Masiello, C.A. and E.R.M. Druffel (2003) Organic and black carbon ¹³C and ¹⁴C through the Santa Monica Basin sediment oxic–anoxic transition, Geophysical Research Letters 30 (4), 1185, doi:10.1029/2002GL15050.

98. * Hwang, J and E.R.M. Druffel (2003). Lipid–like material as the source of the uncharacterized organic carbon in the ocean? Science 299, 881–884.

97. Druffel, E.R.M., J.E. Bauer, S. Griffin and * J. Hwang, (2003) Penetration of anthropogenic carbon into organic particles of the deep ocean, Geophysical Research Letter, 30, 14, 1744, doi:10.1029/2003GL017423.

96. * Grottoli, A., S. Gille, E.R.M. Druffel and R. Dunbar (2003). Decadal timescale shift in the radiocarbon record of a central equatorial Pacific coral, Radiocarbon 45, 91–99.

2002

95. * Masiello, C. A., E.R.M. Druffel and L.A. Currie, (2002), Radiocarbon measurements of black carbon in aerosols and ocean sediments, Geochim Cosmochim Acta 66, 1025–1036.

93. Adkins, J.A.,  S. Griffin, M. Kashgarian, H. Cheng, E R M Druffel, E A Boyle, R. L. Edwards, C.-C. Shen

(2002), Methods for determining ages of deep–sea corals using ²³⁰Th and ¹⁴C dating, Radiocarbon 44, 567–580.

92. Currie, L.A., B.A. Benner, H. Cachier, R. Cary, J.C. Chow, E.R.M. Druffel, T.I. Eglinton, O. Gustafsson, P.C. Hartman, J.I. Hedges, J.D. Kessler, T.W. Kirchstetter, D.B. Klinedinst, G.A. Klouda, S.D. Kohl, J.V. Marlof, * C.A. Masiello, T. Novakov, A. Pearson, K.M. Prentice, H. Puxbaum, J.G. Quinn, C.M. Reddy, H. Schmid, J.F. Slater and S.A. Wise, (2002), A critical evaluation of inter–laboratory data on total, elemental and isotopic carbon in the carbonaceous particle reference material, NISTSRM 1649a, Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology 107, 279–298.

91. Bauer, J.E., E.R.M. Druffel, D. Wolgast, and S. Griffin, (2002) Temporal and regional variability of sources and cycling of DOC and POC in the Northwest Atlantic continental shelf and slope, Deep–Sea Research II 49 (20), 4387–4419.

2001

89. * Masiello, C. A. and E.R.M. Druffel (2001), Carbon isotope geochemistry of the Santa Clara River. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 15, 407–416.

88. Druffel, E.R.M., S. Griffin, T. Guilderson, M. Kashgarian, D. Schrag (2001), Changes of subtropical North Pacific radiocarbon and correlation with climate variability, Radiocarbon 43 (1), 15–25.

87. Bauer, J.E., E.R.M. Druffel, D. Wolgast and S. Griffin (2001), Cycling of dissolved and particulate organic radiocarbon in the Northwestern Atlantic continental margin. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 15 (3), 615.

2000

86. Gagan, M.K., L.K. Ayliffe, J.W. Beck, J.E. Cole, E.R.M. Druffel, R.B. Dunbar and D.P. Schrag (2000). New Views of Tropical Paleoclimates from Corals, Quaternary Science Reviews 19, 45–64.

1999

83. * Bian, H. and E.R.M. Druffel (1999). Monthly stable isotope records in an Australian coral and their correspondence with environmental variables. Geophysical Research Letters 26, 731–734.

82. Druffel, E.R.M. and S. Griffin (1999). Variability of surface ocean radiocarbon and stable isotopes in the southwestern Pacific. Journal of Geophysical Research 104 (C10), 23,607–23,613.

1998

80. Adkins, J.F., H. Cheng, E.A. Boyle, E.R.M. Druffel and L.E. Edwards (1998). Deep–sea coral evidence for rapid change in ventilation of the deep North Atlantic at 15.4 ka. Science 280, 725–728.

79. * Masiello, C.A. and E.R.M. Druffel (1998). Black carbon in deep–sea sediments. Science 280, 1911–1913.

78. Druffel, E.R.M., S. Griffin, S. Honjo and S.J. Manganini (1998). Evidence of old carbon in the deep water column of the Panama Basin from natural radiocarbon measurements. Geophysical Research Letters 25, 1733–1736.

77. * Masiello, C.A, E.R.M. Druffel and J.E. Bauer (1998). Physical controls on dissolved inorganic radiocarbon variability in the California Current. Deep–Sea Research 45 (4–5), 617–642.

76. Bauer, J.E. and E.R.M. Druffel (1998). Ocean margins as a significant source of organic matter to the deep open ocean. Nature 392, 482–485.

75. * Wang, X–C., E.R.M. Druffel and C. Lee. (1998). Radiocarbon studies of organic compound classes in plankton and sediment of the NE Pacific Ocean. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 62, 1365–1378.

74. Druffel, E.R.M., J.E. Bauer, S.M. Griffin, * X.–C. Wang and D. Wolgast (1998). Distribution of particulate organic carbon from the upper slope to the abyssal northeastern Pacific Ocean. Deep–Sea Research 45 (4–5), 667–688.

73. Bauer J.E., E.R.M. Druffel, D.M. Wolgast, S. Griffin and * C.A. Masiello (1998). Distributions of dissolved organic and inorganic carbon and radiocarbon in the North Eastern Pacific continental margin. Deep–Sea Research 45 (4–5), 689–714.

72. Bianchi, T., J.E. Bauer, E.R.M. Druffel, L. Corbet (1998) Chlorophyl a and pyrophaeophorbide in suspended POC from the NE Pacific. Deep–Sea Research 45 (4–5), 715–732.

71. Smith, K.L. and E.R.M. Druffel (1998). Long time–series studies of the benthic boundary layer at an abyssal station in the NE Pacific: An introduction. Deep–Sea Research 45 (4–5), 573–586.

70. Griffin, S. and E.R.M. Druffel (1998). Preparation of inorganic and organic carbon for radiocarbon analysis from a single marine sample. Radiocarbon 40, 29–34.

69. Druffel, ERM, S Griffin, S Honjo and SJ Manganini, Evidence of old carbon in the deep water column of the Panama Basin from natural radiocarbon measurements. Geophysical Research Letters 10, 1733-1736.

1997

67. Druffel, E.R.M. (1997). Geochemistry of corals: Recorders of past ocean chemistry, ocean circulation and climate. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 94 (16), 8354–8361.

66. Eglinton, T.I., B.C. Benitez–Nelson, A Pearson, A.P. McNichol, J.E. Bauer and E.R.M. Druffel (1997). Variability in radiocarbon ages of individual organic compounds from marine sediments. Science 277, 796–799.

1996

64. Cherrier, J., J.E. Bauer and E.R.M. Druffel (1996) Utilization and turnover of labile dissolved organic matter by bacterial heterotrophs in Eastern North Pacific surface waters. Marine Ecology Progress Series 139, 267–279.

63. * Wang, X–C, E.R.M. Druffel and C. Lee (1996) Evidence for sorption of old carbon to particulate material in the deep sea from radiocarbon in organic compound classes (1996). Geophysical Research Letters 23, 3583–3586.

62. Druffel, E.R.M. (1996). Post–bomb radiocarbon records from surface corals of the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Radiocarbon 38 (3), 563–572.

61. Eglinton, T.I., L.I. Aluwihare, J.E. Bauer, E.R.M. Druffel and A.P. McNichol (1996). Preparative capillary gas chromatographic isolation of individual compounds from complex matrices for radiocarbon dating. Analytical Chemistry 68, 904–912.

1995

59. Alperin, M.J., J. Balesdent, R.H. Benner, N.V. Blough, R.F. Christman, E.R.M. Druffel, F.H. Frimmel, G. Guggenberger, D.J. Repeta, H.H. Richnow, and R.S. Swift (1995). Role of Nonliving Organic Matter in the Earth's Carbon Cycle, Edited by R.G. Zepp and Ch. Sonntag, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 67–80.

58. Bauer, J.E., C.E. Reimers, E.R M. Druffel and P.M. Williams (1995). Isotopic constraints on carbon exchange between deep ocean sediments and sea water. Nature 373, 686–689.

57. Druffel, E.R.M. and S. Griffin (1995). Regional variability of surface ocean radiocarbon from Southern Great Barrier Reef corals. Radiocarbon 37, 517–524.

56. Druffel, E.R.M., D. Donahue, S. Griffin and G. Burr (1995). Intercomparison of high–precision ∆¹⁴C analyses using gas counting and AMS, Radiocarbon 37, 791–795.

55. Druffel, E.R.M., S. Griffin, * A. Witter, E. Nelson, J. Southon, M. Kashgarian and J. Vogel (1995). Gerardia: Bristlecone Pine of the deep–sea? Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 59, 5031–5036.

54. Druffel, E.R.M. and S. Griffin (1995). Radiocarbon in tropospheric CO₂ and organic materials from selected northern hemisphere sites. Radiocarbon 37, 883–888.

1993

52. Edwards, R. L., J.W. Beck, G. Burr, D. Donahue, J.M.A. Chappell, A.L. Bloom, E.R.M. Druffel, and F. W. Taylor (1993). A large drop in atmospheric ¹⁴C/¹²C and greatly reduced glacial melting during the Younger Dryas, documented with ²³⁰Th ages of corals. Science 260, 962–968.

51. * Van Scoy, K. A. and E.R.M. Druffel (1993). Ventilation and transport of thermocline and intermediate waters in the Northeast Pacific during recent El Niños. Journal of Geophysical Research 98, 18083–18088.

50. Druffel, E.R.M. and S. Griffin (1993). Large variations of surface ocean radiocarbon: evidence of circulation changes in the southwestern Pacific. Journal of Geophysical Research 98, 20249–20259.

1992

49. Bauer, J.E., P.M. Williams, and E.R.M. Druffel (1992). Recovery of sub–milligram quantities of carbon dioxide from gas streams by molecular sieve for subsequent determination of isotopic (¹³C and ¹⁴C) natural abundances. Analytical Chemistry 64, 824–827.

47. Druffel, E.R.M. and P.M. Williams (1992). The importance of isotope and other complimentary measurements in marine organic geochemistry. Marine Chemistry 39, 209–215.

46. McNichol, A.P. and E.R.M. Druffel (1992). Variability of the ¹³C of dissolved inorganic carbon at a site in the North Pacific Ocean. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 56, 3589–3592.

45. Burr, G.R., L. Edwards, D. Donahue, E.R.M. Druffel, F. Taylor, and A. Bloom (1992). Mass spectrometric ¹⁴C and U–Th measurements in corals. Radiocarbon 34(3), 611–618.

44. Williams, P.M., K.J. Robertson, A. Soutar, S.M. Griffin, and E.R.M. Druffel (1992). Isotopic signatures (¹⁴C, ¹³C, ¹⁵N) as tracers of sources and cycling of soluble and particulate organic matter in the Santa Monica Basin. Progress in Oceanography 30, 253–290.

43. Druffel, E.R.M., P.M. Williams, J.E. Bauer, and J. Ertel (1992). Cycling of dissolved and particulate organic matter in the open ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research 97, 15639–15659.

42. Goodfriend, G., E. Hare and E.R.M. Druffel (1992). Aspartic acid racemization and protein diagenesis in corals over the last 350 years. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 56, 3847–3850.

1991

40. Druffel, E.R.M. and P.M. Williams (1991). Radiocarbon in seawater and organisms from the Pacific coast of Baja, California. Radiocarbon 33 (3), 291–296.

1990

39. * Linn, L. J., M.L. Delaney, and E.R.M. Druffel (1990). Trace metals in contemporary and 17th–century Galapagos corals: proxy records of seasonal and annual variations. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 54, 387–394.

37. Druffel, E.R.M., * L.L. King, R.A. Belastock, and K.O. Buesseler (1990). Growth rate of a deep–sea coral using ²¹⁰Pb and other isotopes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 54, 1493–1500.

36. Druffel, E.R.M. and P.W. Williams (1990). Identification of a deep source of particulate organic carbon using bomb ¹⁴C. Nature 347, 172–174.

35. Druffel, E.R.M., R. Dunbar, G. Wellington, and S. Minnis (1990). Reef–building corals and identification of ENSO warming episodes. Chapter in: Global Ecological Consequences of the 1982/83 El Nino Southern–Oscillation, Peter Glynn, editor, Elsevier Oceanography Series, 52, New York, 233–253.

1989

34. Smith, K.L., P.M. Williams, and E.R.M. Druffel (1989). Upward flux of organic carbon in the deep–sea. Nature 337, 724–726.

32. * Purdy, C., E.R.M. Druffel, and H. Livingston (1989). Anomalous levels of ⁹⁰Sr and ^239,240Pu in Florida corals: Evidence of coastal processes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 53, 1401–1410.

31. Druffel, E.R.M., P.M. Williams, and Y. Suzuki (1989). Radiocarbon levels and concentrations of dissolved organic matter in Pacific Ocean waters. Geophysical Research Letters 16, 991–994.

30. Druffel, E.R.M., P.M. Williams, K.L. Robertson, S. Griffin, A.J.T. Jull, and D. Donahue (1989). Radiocarbon in dissolved organic and inorganic carbon from the central North Pacific. Radiocarbon 31, 523–532.

29. Griffin, S. and E.R.M. Druffel (1989). Sources of carbon to deep–sea coral skeletons. Radiocarbon 31, 533–542.

1988

27. * McNichol, A., C. Lee, and E.R.M. Druffel (1988). Carbon cycling in coastal sediment: 1. A quantitative estimate of the remineralization of organic carbon in the sediments of Buzzards Bay, MA. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 52, 1531–1543.

26. Emery, K.O., A.S. Merrill, and E.R.M. Druffel (1988). Changed late Pleistocene and Holocene marine environments on Atlantic Continental Shelf and Upper Slope. Quaternary Research 30, 1–19.

1987

24. Khalaf, F., J.D. Milliman, and E.R.M. Druffel (1987). Submarine limestones in the nearshore environment off Kuwait, Northern Arabian Gulf. Sedimentology 34, 67–75.

23. Druffel, E.R.M. (1987). Bomb radiocarbon in the Pacific: Annual and seasonal timescale variations. Journal of Marine Research 45, 667–698.

22. Bada, J.L., C.D. Vrolijk, S. Brown, E.R.M. Druffel, and R E.M. Hedges (1987). Bomb radiocarbon in metabolically inert tissues from terrestrial and marine mammals. Geophysical Research Letters 14, 1065–1067.

21. Williams, P.M. and E.R.M. Druffel (1987). Radiocarbon in dissolved organic carbon in the central North Pacific Ocean. Nature 330, 246–248.

1986

19. Mok, H. Y. I., E. M. Druffel, and * W. Rampone (1986). Growth rate of human gallstones using bomb–produced radiocarbon. New England Journal of Medicine 314, 1075–1077.

18. * Benavides, L.M. and E.R.M. Druffel (1986). Sclerosponge growth rate as determined by ²¹⁰Pb and ¹⁴C chronologies. Coral Reefs 4, 221–224.

17. Druffel, E.R.M., S. Honjo, S. Griffin, and C.S. Wong (1986). Radiocarbon in particulate matter from the eastern Subarctic Pacific Ocean: Evidence of a terrestrial source of carbon to the deep sea. Radiocarbon, 28, 397–407.

1985

16. Druffel, E.R.M. (1985). Detection of El Nino and decade timescale variations of sea surface temperature from banded coral records: Implications for the carbon dioxide cycle. Proc. AGU Chapman Conference on Natural CO₂ changes, Tampa, Florida, Jan. 1984. Geophysical Monographs 32, 111–122.

14. Mottl, M.J., E.R.M. Druffel, S.R. Hart, J.R. Lawrence, and E. Saltzman (1985). Chemistry of hot waters sampled from basaltic basement in Hole 504B, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 83, Costa Rica Rift. Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project vol. LXXXIII, pp. 315–328.

1984

13. Keigwin, L., B. Corliss, E.R.M. Druffel, and E. Laine (1984). High resolution isotopic studies of the latest deglaciation from Bermuda Rise cores. Quaternary Research 22, 383–386.

1983

10. Druffel, E.M. (1983). Long–term variability of temperature and radiocarbon in the Gulf Stream: oceanographic implications. Radiocarbon 25, 449–458.

9. Druffel, E.M. and H.Y.I. Mok (1983). Time history of human gallstones: Application of the past–bomb radiocarbon signal. Radiocarbon, 25, 629–636.

8. Michel, R. L. and . M. Druffel (1983). Radiocarbon in the Weddell Sea as observed in a deep–sea coral and in krill. Geophysical Research Letters 10, 190–192.

7. Glynn, P., E.R.M. Druffel, and R. Dunbar (1983). A dead Central American coral reef tract: Possible link with the Little Ice Age. Journal of Marine Research 41, 605–637.

1982

1981

4. Williams, P.W., K.L. Smith, E.M. Druffel, and T.W. Linick (1981). Dietary carbon sources of mussel and tubeworm from Galapagos hydrothermal vent determined from tissue ¹⁴C activity. Nature 292, 448–449.

1980

3. Druffel, E.M. (1980). Radiocarbon in annual coral rings of Belize and Florida. Tenth International Radiocarbon Conference, Bern and Heidelberg, 1979, Radiocarbon 22, 363–371.

2. Druffel, E.M. and T.W. Linick (1978). Radiocarbon in annual coral rings of Florida. Geophysical Research Letters 5, 913–916.

1. Williams, P.M., M.C. Stenhouse, E.M. Druffel, and M. Koide (1978). Organic ¹⁴C activity in abyssal marine sediment. Nature 276, 698–701.