Patricia Born, Ph.D. Lorilee Medders, Ph.D., Chair Minchong Mao, FCAS, MAAA, CPCU
Citizens Property Insurance Corporation Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Fund Advisory Council University of Florida
Sha`Ron James Jainendra Navlakha, Ph.D.
November 1, 2015
The Honorable Rick Scott, Chairman
Governor
Plaza Level 02, The Capitol
Tallahassee, Florida 32399
The Honorable Pam Bondi,
Secretary
Attorney General
Plaza Level 01, The Capitol
Tallahassee, Florida 32399
The Honorable Jeff Atwater, Treasurer
Chief Financial Officer
Plaza Level 11, The Capitol
Tallahassee, Florida 32399
Dear Trustees:
As Chair of the
Florida Commission on Hurricane Loss Projection Methodology (Commission), I am pleased to present to you the Report of Activities as of November 1, 2015. This report documents the twentieth year of the Commission’s work.
Section 627.0628, F.S., created the Commission as a panel of experts to be administratively housed in the State Board of Administration but requires the Commission to independently exercise its power and duties. The Commission is required to “…adopt revisions to previously adopted actuarial methods, principles,
standards, models, or output ranges every odd-numbered year.” Such revisions were made in compliance with the statute.
If you have any questions or comments regarding the work of the Commission, please call me at (850) 645-8393.
Sincerely,
Lorilee Medders, Chair
Florida Commission on Hurricane Loss Projection Methodology
P. O. Box 13300
Tallahassee, Florida 32317-3300
Staff: 850-413-1349, Fax: 850-413-1344
Website: www.sbafla.com/methodology
Commission Members:
Lorilee Medders, Ph.D., Chair
Statistics Expert, Florida State University
Floyd Yager, FCAS, Vice Chair
Actuary, Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Fund Advisory Council
Patricia Born, Ph.D. Minchong Mao, FCAS, MAAA, CPCU
Insurance Finance Expert, Actuary,
Florida State University Property and Casualty Industry
Barry Gilway Forrest Masters, Ph.D.
President/CEO & Executive Director, Professional Structural Engineer,
Citizens Property Insurance Corporation University of Florida
Sha`Ron James Jainendra Navlakha, Ph.D.
Insurance Consumer Advocate, Computer Systems Design Expert,
Florida Department of Financial Services Florida International University
Bryan Koon Jack Nicholson, Ph.D.
Director, Chief Operating Officer,
Florida Division of Emergency Management Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Fund
Robert Lee, FCAS Hugh Willoughby, Ph.D.
Actuary, Meteorology Expert,
Florida Office of Insurance Regulation Florida International University
Professional Team Members: Staff Members:
Mark Brannon, FCAS, MAAA, CPCU, Actuary Anne Bert
Jenni Evans, Ph.D., Meteorologist Leonard Schulte
Paul Fishwick, Ph.D., Computer/Information Scientist Donna Sirmons
Tim Hall, Ph.D., Meteorologist Ramona Worley
Mark Johnson, Ph.D., Statistician, Team Leader
Chris Jones, P.E., Coastal Engineer
Greg McLellan, P.E., Structural Engineer
Chris Nachtsheim, Ph.D., Statistician
Richard Nance, Ph.D., Computer/Information Scientist
Del Schwalls, P.E., CFM, Hydrologist
Michael Smith, FCAS, MAAA, Actuary
Zhida Song-James, Ph.D., PH, CFM, Hydrologist
Masoud Zadeh, Ph.D., P.E., Structural Engineer
Table of Contents
PAGE
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Introduction 8
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Principles 15
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Commission Structure 18
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Findings of the Commission 40
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Concerning Model Accuracy and Reliability 41
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Concerning Trade Secrets 43
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Process for Determining the Acceptability of a Computer Simulation Model 44
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Model Submission Checklist 69
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On-Site Review 71
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2015 Standards, Disclosures, and Forms 79
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Model Identification 80
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Submission Data 81
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Comparison of 2015 Standards to 2013 Standards 85
4. General Standards 86
G-1 Scope of the Model and Its Implementation 86
G-2 Qualifications of Modeling Organization Personnel and 90
Consultants Engaged in Development of the Model
G-3 Insured Exposure Location 93
G-4 Independence of Model Components 95
G-5 Editorial Compliance 96
Form G-1 General Standards Expert Certification 98
Form G-2 Meteorological Standards Expert Certification 99
Form G-3 Statistical Standards Expert Certification 100
Form G-4 Vulnerability Standards Expert Certification 101
Form G-5 Actuarial Standards Expert Certification 102
Form G-6 Computer/Information Standards Expert Certification 103
Form G-7 Editorial Review Expert Certification 104
5. Meteorological Standards 105
M-1 Base Hurricane Storm Set 105
M-2 Hurricane Parameters and Characteristics 107
M-3 Hurricane Probabilities 109
M-4 Hurricane Windfield Structure 111
M-5 Landfall and Over-Land Weakening Methodologies 114
M-6 Logical Relationships of Hurricane Characteristics 115
Form M-1 Annual Occurrence Rates 116
Form M-2 Maps of Maximum Winds 120
Form M-3 Radius of Maximum Winds and Radii of Standard Wind 121
Thresholds
Table of Contents
PAGE
6. Statistical Standards 122
S-1 Modeled Results and Goodness-of-Fit 122
S-2 Sensitivity Analysis for Model Output 124
S-3 Uncertainty Analysis for Model Output 126
S-4 County Level Aggregation 128
S-5 Replication of Known Hurricane Losses 129
S-6 Comparison of Projected Hurricane Loss Costs 131
Form S-1 Probability and Frequency of Florida Landfalling Hurricanes 132
per Year
Form S-2 Examples of Loss Exceedance Estimates 133
Form S-3 Distributions of Stochastic Hurricane Parameters 134
Form S-4 Validation Comparisons 135
Form S-5 Average Annual Zero Deductible Statewide Loss Costs – 137
Historical versus Modeled
Form S-6 Hypothetical Events for Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analysis 138
7. Vulnerability Standards 151
V-1 Derivation of Building Vulnerability Functions 151
V-2 Derivation of Contents and Time Element Vulnerability Functions 155
V-3 Mitigation Measures 158
Form V-1 One Hypothetical Event 161
Form V-2 Mitigation Measures, Range of Changes in Damage 164
Form V-3 Mitigation Measures, Mean Damage Ratios and Loss Costs 167
(Trade Secret item)
8. Actuarial Standards 170
A-1 Modeling Input Data and Output Reports 170
A-2 Event Definition 172
A-3 Coverages 173
A-4 Modeled Loss Cost and Probable Maximum Loss Considerations 174
A-5 Policy Conditions 176
A-6 Loss Outputs and Logical Relationships to Risk 178
Form A-1 Zero Deductible Personal Residential Loss Costs by ZIP Code 182
Form A-2 Base Hurricane Storm Set Statewide Losses 184
Form A-3 2004 Hurricane Season Losses 187
Form A-4 Output Ranges 188
Form A-5 Percentage Change in Output Ranges 192
Form A-6 Logical Relationship to Risk (Trade Secret item) 194
Form A-7 Percentage Change in Logical Relationship to Risk 197
Form A-8 Probable Maximum Loss for Florida 198
Table of Contents
PAGE
9. Computer/Information Standards 202
CI-1 Documentation 202
CI-2 Requirements 204
CI-3 Model Architecture and Component Design 206
CI-4 Implementation 207
CI-5 Verification 209
CI-6 Model Maintenance and Revision 211
CI-7 Security 213
10. Working Definitions of Terms Used in the Report of Activities 214
11. References 233
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Inquiries or Investigations 236