Geotechnical Engineering Circular No. 9 Design, Analysis, and Testing of Laterally Loaded Deep Foundations that Support Transportation Facilities


SLOPE REINFORCEMENT OR STABILIZATION



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Soldier Rev B
11.2
SLOPE REINFORCEMENT OR STABILIZATION
The method for analyzing soil slopes in global shear failure is not a focus of this document, but load application is a consideration for which very little specific guidance has been found in the published manuals or codes. Nonetheless, a number of case histories have been presented in journal articles and conferences, possibly due to the lack of clear guidance in agency publications. The Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) has issued a Geotechnical Bulletin (GB 7) on Drilled Shaft Landslide Stabilization Design (ODOT 2014). The bulletin provides detailed guidance on the use of drilled shafts for landslide stabilization including site reconnaissance and investigation, stability analyses, and design of drilled shafts for stabilizing landslides. Once the landslide configuration and subsurface parameters have been established, the slope is analyzed using the computer program UA Slope 2.1, which was developed as part of a similar research study. The analysis is UA Slope 2.1 is used to determine the loads on the drilled shafts for landslide stabilization. The loads from the UA Slope analyses are used in LPILE for the design of the laterally loaded drilled shafts. The bulletin provides guidance on how to perform the LPILE analysis, including reducing the UA Slope loads for input into LPILE, the use of p-multipliers, soil layering, shaft length, reinforcement, pile head loadings, etc. The geotechnical resistance is also discussed with options on how to evaluate this for the Strength Limit State. The bulletin notes that ODOT does not advocate using the Geotechnical Strength Limit State check in the FHWA drilled shaft manual (2010) because ODOT considers that procedure to produce overly conservative results. The bulletin indicates load and resistance factors consistent with AASHTO LRFD guidelines. Although it is only applicable for drilled shafts and specifically uses one program and shaft configuration single rows of drilled shafts) for analysis and stabilization, this publication by ODOT appears to be one of the most comprehensive publications by a transportation agency on the use of deep foundations for landslide stabilization.

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