Instantaneous power refers to the power consumed at a particular point in time



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Key for Model Exam

Part A:

  1. 3.3V

  2. 2V

  3. In a network with two or more sources, the current or voltage for any component is the algebraic sum of the effects produced by each source acting separately

  4. Principle of duality in context of electrical networks states that. A dual of a relationship is one in which current and voltage are interchangeable. Two networks are dual to each other if one has mesh equation numerically identical to others node equation

  5. instantaneous power refers to the power consumed at a particular point in time



  6. A phenomenon in which an external force or a vibrating system forces another system around it to vibrate with greater amplitude at a specified frequency of operation.

  7. The quality factor Q for the circuit is the electric energy stored in the circuit divided by the energy dissipated in one period.





Part B & C
11 a)i) Convert Voltage Source into current source
Apply KVL and find the loop current
Repeat the Process for the second source
Add Both the currents to get current through 5 Ohms
Current through 5 ohm is :0.2A
ii) Mesh Equations
Loop1: 2i1+3i2-3i3=0
Loop2:-2i1+i2+4i3=0
i1-i2=1A
Solving we get i1=1.5A, i2=0.5A,i3=0.9A
11 bi) Apply Nodal Analysis method
Power Delivered: 3.3w
ii)

I = 3 (2/( 2 + 2)) = 1.5 A,V=1.5 *2=3V

12a) For the circuit shown below, find the current L I through 6 Ω resistor using Thevenin’s theorem.


Step 1:

VTH= 28V
Thevenin’s resistance

RTH =4.66Ohms
Thevenin’s Equivalent Circuit

IL=2.6A

12 b) For the circuit shown below, find the value of RL that absorbs maximum power from the circuit and the corresponding power under this condition.


Case 1:

Case 2:

Case 3:

Vab =10 v
To computute RTh

RTh =10ohms
Equivalent Circuit

the maximum power dissipated to RL= 0.625 watts.

13 a i)

13 aii) RN= 7.5ohm+johms
IN= 26.5angle (-10.3)
Equivalent Circuit

14a.
General Circuit Diagram



Equations Over Damped, Under Damped and Critically Damped
Phasor Representation

14b)
i(0) _ 4 A
v(0)=15V
s1 _ _11.978, s2 _ _0.5218
i(t)=IS+A1e-11.97t+A2e-0.5218t

A2 _ 0.0655
A1 _ _0.0655
iR(t)=

15. a) Statement :


Dot Convention in Coupled Circuits is used to establish the choice of correct sign for the mutually induced voltages in coupled circuits. Circular dot marks and/or special symbols are placed at one end of each of two coils which are mutually coupled to simplify the diagrammatic representation of the windings around its core.

Circuit Diagram



Analysis with equation

15.b i)Circuit Diagram



Equation:

Explanation with theory
15bii) Answers :−1.5, 2.5, 3.5 H; 5.5, 9.5, −3.5 H.
16a) Tie Set Matrix-2 Marks

Determinant Matrix -2 Marks

possible number of trees = 12
The corresponding graph, tree, co-tree, and loops 1, 2, 3:4 Marks

Loop Current Matrix-2 Marks



4 Marks

16b)
Possible Tree and Co-Tree (3 Marks)

Tie-set schedule:((6 Marks)



Tie Set Matrix

The branch impedance matrix

The loop impedance matrix

The loop equations :(6 Marks)

x = 4.1666 A, y = 1.16666 A, z = 2.5 A
The branch currents

I1 = x = 4.1666 A, I2 = y = 1.6666 A, I3 = z = 2.5 A, I4 = x − z = 1.6666 A, I5 = −x + y = −2.5 A, I6 = −y + z = 0.8334 A
The branch voltages

V1 = 5I1 − 50 = 29.167 V, V2 = 10I2 = 16.666 V, V3 = 5I3 = 12.50 V, V4 = 10I4 = 16.666 V, V5 = 5I5 = −12.50 V, V6 = 5I6 = 4.167 V
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