Section 3.3: Motherboards and Buses

Section 3.3: Motherboards and Buses

Summary

• 
  The components of a typical motherboard:
  
  • 
    Processor interface
    
  • 
    Memory modules
    
  • 
    Expansion slots
    
  • 
    Onboard components
    
  • 
    Faceplate connectors
    
  • 
    Onboard internal connectors
    
  • 
    BIOS chip
    
  • 
    CMOS battery
    
  • 
    Chipset
    
  • 
    Jumpers
    
  • 
    Documentation
    
• 
  The process to install a motherboard
  

PC Pro Exam Objectives:

• Given an existing system without documentation, identify expansion cards and slots by sight or by name, including ISA, PCI, AGP, PCI Express (1x, 2x, and 8x), and PCMCIA.

• Given an existing system, select and install expansion cards based on bus type that meets end-user requirements.

• Given a scenario where a new motherboard is required in a new or existing PC system, use system documentation and end-user requirements to select and install an appropriate motherboard.

• Given motherboard and system case documentation, connect header devices and system case connectors to the motherboard.

• Using the BIOS, enable and disable onboard devices.

• Using manufacturer-supplied documentation and utility, update the BIOS on a motherboard to the latest revision.

A+ 220-801 Exam Objectives:

• 
  1.2 Differentiate between motherboard components, their purposes, and properties. 
  
  • 
    Sizes
    
    • 
      ATX
      
    • 
      micro ATX
      
    • 
      ITX
      
  • 
    Expansion slots
    
    • 
      PCI
      
    • 
      PCI-X
      
    • 
      PCIe
      
    • 
      miniPCI
      
    • 
      CNR
      
    • 
      AGP2x, 4x, 8x
      
  • 
    RAM slots
    
  • 
    CPU sockets
    
  • 
    Chipsets
    
    • 
      North Bridge
      
    • 
      South Bridge
      
    • 
      CMOS battery
      
  • 
    Jumpers
    
  • 
    Power connections and types
    
  • 
    Fan connectors
    
  • 
    Front panel connectors
    
    • 
      USB
      
    • 
      Audio
      
    • 
      Power button
      
    • 
      Power light
      
    • 
      Drive activity lights
      
    • 
      Reset button
      
  • 
    Bus speeds
    

• 
  What factors will you consider when selecting a motherboard?
  
• 
  What is the difference between the northbridge and southbridge chips on a motherboard?
  
• 
  How can you add peripheral devices to a system?
  
• 
  How are PCI and PCI Express different?
  
• 
  What is the most common bus type for video cards on new motherboards?
  

Video/Demo Time

Lab/Activity

• 
  Choose and Install a Motherboard
  

Number of Exam Questions

Total Time

Section 3.4: Processors

Summary

• 
  Considerations for choosing a processor:
  
  • 
    Manufacturer
    
  • 
    32-bit or 64-bit processor
    
  • 
    Speed
    
  • 
    Multi-core
    
  • 
    Cache
    
  • 
    Process size
    
  • 
    Hyper-threading
    
  • 
    Throttling
    
  • 
    Mobile processors
    
  • 
    Virtualization
    
  • 
    Integrated memory controller
    
  • 
    Cooling
    
• 
  Details about CPU performance
  
• 
  Processor socket categories:
  
  • 
    Pin Grid Array (PGA)
    
  • 
    Land Grid Array (LGA)
    
• 
  Commonly-implemented processor sockets
  
• 
  Details when installing a CPU
  

PC Pro Exam Objectives:

• 
  Given an existing system with or without documentation, select an appropriate processor to meet end-user requirements.
  
• 
  Use correct procedures to install a CPU in a motherboard using a thermal pad or paste, a heat sink and fan, and power connectors.
  
• 
  View BIOS settings to verify proper installation of the processor.
  
  • 
    Enable or disable hyper-threading in the BIOS.
    
  • 
    Enable or disable VT support in the BIOS.
    
  • 
    Monitor cooling fan speed and CPU temperature.
    

A+ 220-801 Exam Objectives:

• 
  1.2 Differentiate between motherboard components, their purposes, and properties.
  
  • 
    CPU sockets
    
• 
  1.6 Differentiate among various CPU types and features and select the appropriate cooling method.
  
  • 
    Socket types
    
    • 
      Intel: LGA, 775, 1155, 1156, 1366
      
    • 
      AMD: 940, AM2, AM2+, AM3, AM3+, FM1, F
      
  • 
    Characteristics 
    
    • 
      Speeds
      
    • 
      Cores
      
    • 
      Cache size/type
      
    • 
      Hyper threading
      
    • 
      Virtualization support
      
    • 
      Architecture (32-bit vs. 64-bit)
      
    • 
      Integrated GPU
      
  • 
    Cooling
    
    • 
      Heat sink
      
    • 
      Fans
      
    • 
      Thermal paste
      
    • 
      Liquid-based
      

A+ 220-802 Exam Objectives:

• 
  1.1 Compare and contrast the features and requirements of various Microsoft Operating Systems.
  
  • 
    Features:
    
    • 
      32-bit vs. 64-bit
      
    • 
      Aero, gadgets, user account control, BitLocker, shadow copy, system restore, ready boost, sidebar, compatibility mode, XP mode, easy transfer, administrative
      tools, defender, Windows firewall, security center, event viewer, file structure and paths, category view vs. classic view
      

Lecture Focus Questions:

• 
  What is the difference between the three levels of cache memory?
  
• 
  What is the biggest limitation of using a 32-bit processor?
  
• 
  What factors should be considered when comparing the speed of computers?
  
• 
  What are the benefits of using a smaller process size during CPU manufacture?
  
• 
  What is the difference between hyper-threading and multithreading?
  
• 
  Under what circumstances might you choose to use throttling?
  
• 
  What is virtualization? Which CPU features enable advanced virtualization support?
  
• 
  What three components are used with a CPU to dissipate heat?
  

Video/Demo Time

3.4.1 Processor Concepts 8:08

3.4.5 Installing a Processor 5:02
Total 13:10

Lab/Activity

• 
  Select and Install a Processor 1
  
• 
  Select and Install a Processor 2
  

Number of Exam Questions

24 questions

Total Time

About 60 minutes

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