Linguistics 101 hw #3 (Phonology)

HW #3 (Phonology)

Due: March 7, 2012
Name: ____________________

Do problems A-D below. A, C and D are based on exercises in Language Files 11, File 3.6.

ii. [v ð z ʒ]

[mizmo]	‘same’	[loseɾmanos]	‘the brothers’
[este]	‘this’	[lazletɾas]	‘the letters’
[izla]	‘island’	[ezmoɾeno]	‘it’s brown’
[aspiɾas]	‘you seek’	[esamaɾijo]	‘it’s yellow’
[fosko]	‘irritable’	[ezneɣɾo]	‘it’s black’
[lasuɲas]	‘the fingernails’	[espuɾo]	‘it’s clean’
[lozlaβios]	‘the lips’	[dosperos]	‘two dogs’
[lazmanos]	‘the hands’	[dosoɾuɣas]	‘two caterpillars’
[laspelotas]	‘the balls’	[dostapetas]	‘two rugs’
[losaɾkos]	‘the arches’	[dozlutʃas]	‘two fights’
[loskaros]	‘the cars’	[dosizlas]	‘two islands’
[lostamales]	‘the tamales’	[doskesos]	‘two cheeses’

a) Are there any minimal pairs for the sounds [s] and [z]? If yes, list them.

b) What is the distribution type for the sounds [s] and [z] in Spanish?

c) In Spanish, are [s] and [z] allophones of the same phoneme, or are they allophones of a different phoneme?

d) If [s] and [z] are allophones of the same phoneme, what is the phoneme and why?

e) If [s] and [z] are allophones of the same phoneme, write the rules showing their distribution using the format used in class.

C. Based on File 3.6, #35 (p. 143).
In the data below from Spanish, you will first examine the distribution of the voiced bilabial fricative [β] compared to [b], and then the distribution of the voiced velar fricative [ɣ] compared to [g]. Answer the questions below.

[bino]	‘he came’	[uβa]	‘grape’	[siɣlo]	‘century’
[diβino]	‘divine’	[golpe]	‘a hit’	[pweβlo]	‘village’
[kaβo]	‘end’	[gato]	‘cat’	[laðɾon]	‘thief’
[suβteraneo]	‘subterranean’	[aɣo]	‘I do’	[kaβɾa]	‘goat’
[bɾotaɾ]	‘to sprout’	[iɣaðo]	‘liver’	[loɣɾaɾ]	‘to achieve’
[imbjeɾno]	‘winter’	[teŋgo]	‘I have’
[amiɣo]	‘friend’	[leɣal]	‘legal’

a) Are there any minimal pairs for the sounds [β] and [b]? If yes, list them.

b) What is the distribution type for the sounds [β] and [b] in Spanish?

c) In Spanish, are [β] and [b] allophones of the same phoneme, or are they allophones of a different phoneme?

d) If [β] and [b] are allophones of the same phoneme, what is the phoneme and why?

e) If [β] and [b] are allophones of the same phoneme, write the rules showing their distribution using the format used in class.

f) Are there any minimal pairs for the sounds [ɣ] and [g]? If yes, list them.

g) What is the distribution type for the sounds [ɣ] and [g] in Spanish?

h) In Spanish, are [ɣ] and [g] allophones of the same phoneme, or are they allophones of a different phoneme?

i) If [ɣ] and [g] are allophones of the same phoneme, what is the phoneme and why?

j) If [ɣ] and [g] are allophones of the same phoneme, write the rules showing their distribution using the format used in class.