Table 8. Overall Track Verification. Table entries are track forecast errors, measured in nautical miles. Values in parentheses indicate the number of forecasts. Values in bold represent guidance forecast errors equal to or less than the official CPHC forecast.
Forecast
|
12 hr
|
24 hr
|
36 hr
|
48 hr
|
72 hr
|
96 hr
|
120 hr
|
CPHC
|
24.3 (29)
|
44.3 (29)
|
57.7 (29)
|
76.3 (29)
|
111.9 (29)
|
157.3 (29)
|
227.5 (29)
|
AVNO
|
42.7 (27)
|
64.8 (27)
|
85.1 (27)
|
96.1 (27)
|
109.9 (27)
|
143.0 (27)
|
176.8 (27)
|
BAMD
|
29.3 (29)
|
48.1 (29)
|
60.2 (29)
|
68.2 (29)
|
73.5 (29)
|
98.1 (29)
|
132.7 (29)
|
BAMM
|
29.1 (28)
|
47.8 (28)
|
62.5 (28)
|
75.1 (28)
|
75.1 (28)
|
100.9 (28)
|
135.2 (28)
|
BAMS
|
48.3 (28)
|
90.8 (28)
|
129.6 (28)
|
166.3 (28)
|
240.0 (28)
|
313.5 (28)
|
377.2 (28)
|
CLP5
|
40.4 (29)
|
82.8 (29)
|
129.8 (29)
|
187.2 (29)
|
290.0 (29)
|
317.9 (29)
|
367.2 (29)
|
CONU
|
23.3 (29)
|
42.0 (29)
|
60.9 (29)
|
78.1 (29)
|
112.1 (29)
|
155.1 (29)
|
221.4 (29)
|
GFDL
|
24.0 (27)
|
45.2 (27)
|
64.6 (27)
|
78.2 (27)
|
101.5 (27)
|
140.3 (27)
|
202.3 (27)
|
GUNA
|
24.7 (18)
|
42.9 (18)
|
61.3 (18)
|
77.4 (18)
|
109.9 (18)
|
158.0 (18)
|
223.1 (18)
|
GUNS
|
22.7 (18)
|
42.7 (18)
|
65.8 (18)
|
87.6 (18)
|
131.1 (18)
|
182.8 (18)
|
253.8 (18)
|
NOGAPS
|
31.8 (29)
|
49.4 (29)
|
76.6 (29)
|
97.6 (29)
|
140.4 (29)
|
185.1 (29)
|
253.4 (29)
|
UKMET
|
32.2 (15)
|
58.5 (15)
|
75.6 (15)
|
87.5 (15)
|
118.0 (15)
|
149.2 (15)
|
204.3 (15)
|
Table 9. Overall Wind Verification. Table entries are errors in maximum sustained wind speed forecasts, measured in knots. Values in the parentheses indicate the number of forecasts. Values in bold represent guidance forecast errors equal to or less than the official CPHC forecast.
Forecast
|
12 hr
|
24 hr
|
36 hr
|
48 hr
|
72 hr
|
96 hr
|
120 hr
|
CPHC
|
10.7 (29)
|
17.9 (29)
|
21.6 (29)
|
23.1 (29)
|
25.0 (29)
|
34.3 (29)
|
43.4 (29)
|
GFDL
|
10.6 (27)
|
15.6 (27)
|
17.3 (27)
|
18.4 (27)
|
16.9 (27)
|
20.4 (27)
|
19.4 (27)
|
AVNO
|
76.8 (27)
|
82.9 (27)
|
87.5 (27)
|
89.2 (27)
|
94.4 (27)
|
99.6 (27)
|
100.7 (27)
|
SHF5
|
16.9 (29)
|
26.2 (29)
|
34.1 (29)
|
40.1 (29)
|
88.8 (29)
|
106.9 (29)
|
93.7 (29)
|
SHIP
|
14.6 (27)
|
30.3 (27)
|
42.7 (27)
|
52.1 (27)
|
65.0 (27)
|
81.4 (27)
|
90.2 (27)
|
ICON
|
11.4 (26)
|
21.5 (24)
|
28.4 (24)
|
33.4 (24)
|
34.8 (24)
|
44.0 (24)
|
51.6 (22)
|
NOGAPS
|
57.8 (29)
|
62.5 (29)
|
65.0 (29)
|
65.7 (29)
|
69.7 (29)
|
74.8 (29)
|
76.1 (29)
|
Figure 4. Track of Ioke
TROPICAL DEPRESSION 02-C
18-20 September 2006
OVERVIEW. Tropical Depression 02-C developed from a tropical disturbance embedded within the ITCZ south of Hawaii. First identified as a tropical disturbance on 14 September near 10.6N 145.3W, the system persisted as an organized cluster of thunderstorms. Through 17 September, QuikSCAT satellite winds and other data did not indicate a closed circulation. TD 02-C became a tropical depression on the morning of 18 September when a 1623 UTC QuikSCAT pass displayed a closed circulation at the surface. This same QuikSCAT data indicated maximum sustained winds of 45 knots near the center of TD 02-C, but these data were rain flagged (contaminated due to heavy rain). Thus based largely in part on agency fixes of 1.0 to 1.5 Dvorak numbers, CPHC set the initial intensity at 25 knots. Over the next 36 hours, TD 02-C failed to reach tropical storm strength with winds remaining at 25 to at 30 knots from 0600 UTC 19 September to 0600 UTC 20 September. By early on 21 September, persistent convective activity had ceased and TD 02-C lost its low level circulation.
SYNOPTIC HISTORY. Initial analyses indicated TD 02-C formed from the remnants of former Hurricane Kristy. Kristy formed in the Eastern Pacific on 30 August as a tropical depression and quickly reached hurricane strength on 31 August. By 8 September, Kristy had weakened to a remnant low. The final best track position from the Tropical Prediction Center (TPC) placed the remnant low near 15.0N 132.5W at 0600 UTC 9 September. The remnant low continued to move slowly westward until 0600 UTC 13 September when it dissipated near 10N 140W. Subsequent QuikSCAT passes and satellite imagery did not indicate an identifiable feature (either a closed circulation or open wave) which was discernible from the ITCZ. Therefore, CPHC hurricane specialists determined in the post analysis the disturbance which eventually became TD 02-C formed west of where the remnant low from Hurricane Kristy dissipated, and thus they concluded, TD 02-C was a separate system.
TD 02-C formed within the seasonal east to west surface trough associated with the ITCZ around 1600 UTC 18 September near 9.8N 151.5W. Little to no vertical wind shear, sufficient outflow aloft, and sea surface temperatures of 28-29 degrees C indicated continued development which was supported by both statistical and dynamic model guidance at the time. A strong 1032 hPa surface high located near 38N 144W and the upper atmosphere’s deep layer mean easterly winds steered TD 02-C toward the west northwest. Between 0000 and 0600 UTC on 19 September, TD 02-C’s maximum winds increased to 30 knots, the system showed signs of better organization, and the convection near the center intensified. However by 1800 UTC on 19 September, the building high pressure system at mid- and upper-levels located to the northeast of TD 02-C slightly increased the vertical wind shear. While vertical wind shear values remained weak overall, generally 10 knots or less, it was apparently sufficient to push convection west of the low level circulation center. At 1200 UTC 20 September, infrared imagery showed a completely exposed low level circulation center with disorganized convection west of the center. The 1711 UTC QuikSCAT pass confirmed there was no longer a low level circulation center.
IMPACTS. TD 02-C remained over water and away from any significant or otherwise populated Pacific islands.
Table 10. Best Track Data
Date/Time
(UTC)
|
Latitude
(°N)
|
Longitude
(°W)
|
Pressure
(mb)
|
Wind Speed
(kt)
|
Stage/Notes
|
19 / 0000
|
9.9
|
156.6
|
1007
|
25
|
Tropical Depression
|
19 / 0600
|
9.9
|
157.5
|
1007
|
30
|
"
|
19 / 1200
|
9.9
|
158.4
|
1007
|
30
|
"
|
19 / 1800
|
10.1
|
160.0
|
1007
|
30
|
"
|
20 / 0000
|
10.3
|
161.2
|
1007
|
30
|
"
|
20 / 0600
|
10.6
|
162.3
|
1007
|
30
|
"
|
20 / 1200
|
10.9
|
163.6
|
1008
|
25
|
"
|
20 / 1800
|
11.2
|
165.0
|
1008
|
25
|
"
|
21 / 0000
|
11.9
|
166.4
|
1009
|
20
|
Tropical Disturbance
|
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