Racial Tension Rise in the Deep South

After the Civil War, white Southerners struggled with the concept of equality for all men.

1. 
   After the Civil War most African Americans became
   
   1. 
      SHARECROPPERS b. TENANT FARMERS
      
2. 
   BLACK CODES: laws that segregated (separate) facilities for whites and blacks.
   
3. 
   PLESSY V FERGUSON: This U.S. Supreme Court ruled that states had the right to create “separate but equal” public facilities for different races.
   
4. 
   The Atlanta Compromise was an - B
   

1. 
   idea that blacks should have the same privileges and rights as any American citizen.
   
2. 
   idea that social and political equality would come only after blacks learned a skill and became self-sufficient.
   
3. 
   agreement between white and black leaders in Atlanta to stop the lynchings and race riots.
   
4. 
   agreement that facilities for blacks and whites would be separate and equal
   

5. 
   List three ways that Southern Democrats tried to legally keep African Americans away from the voting polls.
   

6. 
   GERRYMANDERING redistricted voting lines so that Democrats out voted Republicans in election in the South.
   
7. 
   The County Unit System was a corrupt voting system because
   
   1. 
      The 121 smallest counties had 2 unit votes each.
      
   2. 
      The 8 largest counties had 6 unit votes each.
      
   3. 
      By uniting, the state’s SMALLEST counties the rural population could decide state elections.
      
8. 
   The Poll Tax stated - C
   

1. 
   Voters had to pass a literacy test, own property, and pay a poll tax, in order to be eligible to vote.
   
2. 
   Men whose father or grandfather was eligible to vote in 1867 were automatically eligible to vote.
   
3. 
   If you voted at a poll you had to pay a tax in order to vote.
   
4. 
   All voters had to do was own property in order to vote.
   

9. 
   After 1900, the person selected in the Democratic primary election almost automatically became the winner of the general election because - D
   

1. 
   blacks could not vote in general elections.
   
2. 
   the Republican party had not been created
   
3. 
   according to the county unit system, whites could only vote in primary elections deciding which candidates were eligible to run in general elections.
   
4. 
   the Republican party rarely nominated a candidate because the South was overwhelmingly Democratic so Republicans had no chance of winning.
   

1. 
   KU KLUX KLAN - This organization used violence to keep African-Americans from voting,
   
2. 
   ATLANTA RIOT OF 1906 - This took place in Atlanta in 1906 after misleading stories were published in the newspaper accusing black men of attacking white women. As a result, many black owned business, homes, and property was destroyed. Although this was not an isolated event, it was a reflection of the racial violence occurring in the “Deep South”. This event also pushed for and eventually ended with statewide prohibition alcohol.
   
3. 
   LEO FRANK CASE - was one of the most controversial cases in Georgia’s history. It focused on a Jewish factory manager accused of murdering and assault. This case brought up a lot of racial tension, and it also brought back a revival of the KKK in Georgia.
   

10. 
    As a reaction to racial discrimination and violence in the early 1900s, African Americans – C (The Great Migration)
    

1. 
   fought back through the court system.
   
2. 
   elected black leaders to help them.
   
3. 
   began leaving in large numbers for jobs in the North.
   
4. 
   joined the Niagara Movement.
   

the NAACP

1. 
   At the beginning of the war, President Woodrow Wilson wanted the United States to remain NEUTRAL.
   
2. 
   What two blows did the United States received that changed the neutrality policy and will decide entrance into World War I
   
   1. 
      SINKING OF THE LUSTATANIA b. ZIMMERMAN TELEGRAPH
      
3. 
   What four countries formed the Allied Powers?
   
   1. 
      GREAT BRITAIN (ENGLAND) c. SOVIET UNION (USSR)
      
   2. 
      FRANCE d. UNITED STATES
      
4. 
   What three countries formed the Central Powers?
   
   1. 
      GERMANY b. AUSTRIA HUNGARY c. OTTOMAN EMPIRE
      
5. 
   When the United States went to fight in WWI, Georgians jumped at the chance to contribute. Georgia’s contributions to the war effort were:
   

1. 
   VICTORY GARDENS AND CONSERVING/RATIONING
   
2. 
   MILITARY CAMPS FOR TRAINING SOLDIERS
   
3. 
   TEXTLE INDUSTRY TO MAKE UNIFORMS, BLANKETS, BANDAGES
   
4. 
   RAILROAD SYSTEM TO TRANSPORT TROOPS AND GOODS
   
5. 
   MEN – AS SOLDIERS, WOMEN – AS RED CROSS VOLUNTEERS AND NURSES AS WELL AS WORKING IN FACTORIES
   
6. 
   What three military infantry bases were established in Georgia to train infantry solders to fight in World War I?
   

1. 
   BENNING 2. GORDON 3. McPHERSON
   

7. 
   World War I ended by signing an ARMISTACE or cease fire on 11 day, of the 11 month, at the 11 hour of the day.
   
8. 
   The treaty of VERSAILLES was created by the allied nations to punish Germany for the war.
   
9. 
   What were the conditions of this treaty? GERMANY HAD TO PAY WAR DEBTS PLUS DAMAGES, NO LONGER HAVE A MILITARY, ACCEPT RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE WAR, GIVE UP THEIR EMPIRE IN AFRICA, CHINA, AND THE NORTH PACIFIC
   

1. 
   The Roaring Twenties was a time of GROWTH and PROSPERITY.
   
2. 
   The 19TH amendment to the U.S. Constitution gave women the right to vote
   
3. 
   The larger cities of Georgia people began to buy items on CREDIT.
   
4. 
   RICH’S was the first store to offer “buying on Credit” in Atlanta, Georgia.
   
5. 
   COCA-COLA was the new drink sold in soda counters across the state. It was invented by John Pemberton.
   
6. 
   How were crops in Georgia destroyed during the Roaring Twenties?
   

• 
  BOLL WEEVIL ▪ DROUGHT
  

1. 
   Who was president when America entered the Great Depression?
   

2. 
   Why was Georgia not as affected by the Great Depression as were other states? THE BOLL WEEVIL AND DROUGHT HAD ALREADY DEVISTATED GA’S COTTON CROP. PLUS GA WAS MOSTLY AGRICULTURAL THEN SO THERE WERE STILL FEW INDUSTRIES ACROSS THE STATE AND THE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS WERE NOT DIVERSIFIED
   
3. 
   List causes of the Great Depression. STOCK MARKET CRASH OF 1929, BANK FAILURES, REDUCTION IN PURCHASING, THE SMOOT-HAWLEY TARIFF (RAISED PRICES OF US GOODS IN FOREIGN MARKETS), OVERPRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURE PRODUCTS./DROUGHT
   
4. 
   Which president pulled America out of the Great Depression? FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT (FDR)
   
5. 
   What did Roosevelt call his plan to pull America out of the Great Depression? NEW DEAL
   
6. 
   How did Roosevelt communicate his plan to the people of America instilling hope and trust to rebuild? SPEECHES OVER THE RADIO CALLED FIRESIDE CHATS
   

7. 
   CIVILIAN CONSERVATION CORPS (CCC) – This agency was created by Roosevelt and it put young men to do work creating public work projects. It put money in pockets and gave the young men food and shelter.
   
8. 
   AGRICULTURAL ADJUSTMENT ACT (AAA) – This was a measure where the government paid farmers to keep them from producing goods (to limit overproduction).
   
9. 
   RURAL ELECTRIFICATION – This agency was created by FDR to bring electricity to the rural (country) areas of the United States (especially the South).
   
10. 
    SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION (SSA) – This agency was created to give retirement benefits to the elderly and still exists today.
    
11. 
    __________________________ renewed hope in the banking industry. .
    
12. 
    EUGENE TALMADGE tried to stop Georgia from receiving the benefits of the New Deal Plan.
    
13. 
    Why did African Americans NOT receive the benefit from Roosevelt’s New Deal plan? MOSTLY TENANT FARMERS AND SHARECROPPERS DID NOT RECEIVE BENEFITS FROM THE AAA PAYMENTS
    

1. 
   At the beginning of the war, President Roosevelt wanted the United States to remain NEUTRAL.
   
2. 
   Roosevelt did NOT support isolation and began to speak out against neutrality with his ___________________ speech to gain support of American. Roosevelt knew without America’s support the war could not be won.
   
3. 
   The United States entered World War II when Japan attacked - D
   

1. 
   China c. Manchuria.
   
2. 
   Midway d. Pearl Harbor
   

4. 
   Which statement best describes the involvement of the United States in World War II before the bombing of Pearl Harbor? - A
   

1. 
   The United States provided lend-lease aid to Great Britain and the Soviet Union.
   
2. 
   The United States maintained strict neutrality with no favoritism.
   
3. 
   The United States provided advisory troops to aid Great Britain.
   
4. 
   The United States secretly sank German submarines
   

5. 
   What four countries formed the Allied Powers?
   
   1. 
      GREAT BRITAIN (ENGLAND) c. FRANCE
      
   2. 
      SOVIET UNION (USSR) d. UNITED STATES
      
6. 
   What three countries formed the Axis Powers?
   
   1. 
      GERMANY b. ITALY c. JAPAN
      
7. 
   The LEND LEASE ACT allowed the United States to send weapons to Great Britain because they were battling a common enemy.
   
8. 
   President Franklin D. Roosevelt died on April 24, 1945, while sitting for a portrait at the Little White House in - B
   

1. 
   Hyde Park, New York Camp David, Pennsylvania
   
2. 
   Warm Springs, Georgia LaGrange, Georgia
   

1. 
   Georgia helps prepare for war by:
   
   • 
     BUILDING BOMBERS AT BELL AIRCRAFT IN MARIETTA
     
   • 
     EXPANSION AND CREATION OF MILITARY BASES
     
   • 
     BUILDING SHIPS IN SAVANNAH AND BRUNSWICK
     
   • 
     SOLDIERS
     
   • 
     WOMEN IN FACTORIES AS WELL AS RATIONING
     
2. 
   Who were the two military leaders who help prepare Georgia for war and are most remember for their service during World War II?
   
   • 
     RICHARD RUSSELL ▪CARL VINSON
     
3. 
   CARL VINSON is know as the “Father of the two ocean Navy”. Under his leadership he began to help build Naval Bases throughout Georgia.
   
4. 
   RICHARD RUSSELL helped establish many military infantry bases throughout Georgia. After the war, he helped to establish the first school lunch program and served in the U. S. Senate from 1932 to 1971 and on June 27, 1931, he became the youngest governor for the State of Georgia proving that Republicans could achieve public office in Georgia.
   

1. 
   Hundreds of Liberty Ships were built in the shipyards of _______________ and _______________.
   
2. 
   ________________ _______________ Air Force based trained some of the best fighter pilots in the world.
   
3. 
   African-American men registered for the ___________, and black women volunteered in large numbers.
   

1. 
   Why did Roosevelt spend so much time in Georgia? HE BUILT THE LITTLE WHITE HOUSE FOR HIS TREATMENT OF POLIO AT WARM SPRINGS, GA
   
2. 
   What was the NIRA? NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL RECOVERY ACT
   
3. 
   What was the purpose of NIRA? HELP WORKERS BY SETTING A MINIMUM WAGE, ALLOWING FOR UNION ORGANIZATION, AND CUTTING BACK PRODUCTION
   
4. 
   How did the NRA affect Georgia? TEXTIE INDUSTRY – STRETCH OUT REQUIRED SAVE PRODUCTIVITY IN SHORTER HOURS WORKED. CAUSED A STRIKE WHICH HURT TH EWORKERS. NIRA EVENTUALLY CALLED UNCONSTITUTIONAL BY SUPREME COURT
   

1. 
   FORT BENNING-Columbus, Georgia
   

2. 
   FORT STEWART and HUNTER AIR FIELD-Savannah, Georgia
   
3. 
   WARNER ROBBINS AIR FIELD Near Macon, Georgia
   
4. 
   FORT McPHERSON Near Atlanta, Georgia
   
5. 
   GLYNCO NAVAL AIR STATION near Brunswick flew blimps along the Southern Atlantic coast in search of German submarines.
   
6. 
   At Fort Oglethorpe some 150, 000 women served in WAAC and trained to become: POSTAL WORKERS, CLERKS, TYPISTS, SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS, CODE CLERKS and DRIVERS or AIDES.
   
7. 
   The Holocaust was the World War II policy of Hitler and Nazi Germany to - B
   

1. 
   take over all of eastern Europe
   
2. 
   enforce genocide and kill millions of innocent Jews
   
3. 
   capture and rule Great Britain
   
4. 
   conquer Russia and take over Indochina
   

8. 
   Which sentence best describes the population shift in Georgia at the close of World War II? - B
   

1. 
   People moved from southern farms to northern cities.
   
2. 
   People moved from farm areas to surrounding cities where there were more jobs available in factories producing war supplies.
   
3. 
   People moved from cities to rural areas and farm towns.
   
4. 
   People moved from crowded cities to suburbs surrounding cities