Revisão Bibliográfica: Autômatos Celulares



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Referências em Papel:


  • Gardner M. (April 1970), The Fantastic Combinations of John Conway's New Solitaire Game of "Life", Scientific American, 223:4, 120-123



Internet:


  • http://users.vnet.net/alanh/life/ : The Game of Life as Java Applet! very good implementation with a lot of options and different rules.



Fonte: http://psoup.math.wisc.edu/mcell/ca_links.html


  • Achim Flammenkamp's Game of Life Page - Collection of resources on Conway's Game of Life.

  • Conway's Game of Life Java applet by Alan Hensel - A very fast Java applet that displays a collection of the greatest patterns ever created in Conway's Game of Life.

  • David Ingalls Bell's Homepage - Articles on Conway's Game of Life and related Cellular Automata, free Unix software, archives of Life and other CA patterns.

  • Dean Hickerson's Game of Life page - A collection of Life patterns designed by the author.

  • Eric's Treasure Trove of Life - Eric W. Weisstein's home page about Conway's Game of Life and related CA. Tutorial, information, patterns, links, references.

  • Games of Life in color - Black&White, Rainbow Life, and RGB averaging, by Gunnar Johnsson.

  • Gliders in "Life"-Like Systems - An online interactive database of rules with gliders, by David Eppstein.

  • Greedles live and die - Game of Life in Shockwave.

  • Jason's Life Page - Patterns and resources for Conway's Game of Life and related Cellular Automata by Jason Summers.

  • John Conway's Game of Life - Simple implementation of GOL in Java, by Edwin Martin.

  • Life32 - Home page for Life32, The best Conway's Game of Life simulator for 32-bit Windows. By Johan Bontes.

  • LifeInfo - Catalogs and other information about Conway's Game of Life cellular automata, by H. Koenig.

  • LifeLab for Macs - Andrew Trevorrow's Macintosh application for exploring John Conway's Game of Life and other 2D cellular automata.

  • LIFE.M2M - Game of Life in M2M.

  • LIFEPAGE - Robert T. Wainwright's Lifepage; Lifeline magazine.

  • Mark D. Niemiec's Home Page - John Horton Conway's Game of Life, including complete lists and glider syntheses of smaller still-lifes, oscillators, and spaceships.

  • Stephen Silver's Life Page - Home page of Life Lexicon. Life patterns, links.


Fonte: http://members.aol.com/life1ine/life/bib.htm

  • BeAbt, Clark C. Serious Games: The Art and Science of Games that Simulate Life. The Viking Press, 1970.

  • rlekamp, Elwyn et. al. "What is Life?" Winning Ways. Academic Press, 1982.

  • Buckingham, David J. "Some Facts of Life." Byte. December 1978.

  • Gardner, Martin. "The Fantastic Combinations of John Conway's New Solitaire Game

  • Gardner, Martin. "The Game of Life." Wheels, Life and other Mathematical Amusements. W.H. Freeman 1983.

  • Hayes, Brian. "The Cellular Automaton Offers a Model of the World and a World

  • Unto Itself." Scientific American, March 1984.

  • Morris, Scot. "The Game of Life," Omni. October 1984.

  • Poundstone, William. The Recursive Universe. William Morrow & Co., 1985.

  • Wainwright, Robert T., ed. LIFELINE: "A quarterly newsletter for enthusiasts of John Conway's Game of Life." March 1971 - September 1973.


Fonte: Citeseer: http://citeseer.nj.nec.com

Discovery by Genetic Programming of a Cellular Automata Rule.. - David Andre (1996)  


...time 0 is called its initial condition. The best-known cellular automata system is John Conway's game of Life (Berlekamp, Conway, and Guy 1985). It involves a two-dimensional arrangement of identical ... /... is called its initial condition. The best-known cellular automata system is John Conway's game of Life (Berlekamp, Conway, and Guy 1985). It involves a two-dimensional arrangement of identical... /...by Genetic Programming of a Cellular Automata Rule that is Better than any Known Rule for the Majority Classification Problem David Andre ...

Non-Uniform Cellular Automata: Evolution in Rule Space and.. - Moshe Sipper (1994)  
...a state of one and a state of zero, respectively, in accordance with the terminology of the game of Life (Gardner 1970 Berlekamp et al. 1982), one of the best known cellular automata rules. 1 ... /...Life IV, R. A. Brooks and P. Maes (eds.), pages 394-399, 1994. copyright The MIT Press 1994.... /...R. A. Brooks and P. Maes (eds.), pages 394-399, 1994. copyright The MIT Press 1994. Non-Uniform Cellular Automata: Evolution in Rule Space and Formation of Complex Structures Moshe Sipper Department of...

Evolving Cellular Automata with Genetic Algorithms: A Review .. - Melanie Mitchell (1996)  
...its state as a function only of the current states in a local neighborhood. (The well-known "game of Life," Berlekamp, Conway, and Guy 1982, is an example of a two-dimensional CA.) As is... /...state as a function only of the current states in a local neighborhood. (The well-known "game of Life," Berlekamp, Conway, and Guy 1982, is an example of a two-dimensional CA.) As is illustrated in... /...Cellular Automata with Genetic Algorithms: A Review of Recent Work Melanie Mitchell Santa Fe Institute 1399 Hyde...

A computation-universal two-dimensional 8-state triangular.. - Imai, Morita (1998)  
...can be proved by embedding universal logic elements. For example, computation-universality of the game of life was proved by constructing AND, OR, NOT, and fan-out gates on its cellular space.... /... proved by embedding universal logic elements. For example, computation-universality of the game of life was proved by constructing AND, OR, NOT, and fan-out gates on its cellular space. Sequences of... /...neighbor, so Morita and Ueno proposed 16-state computation-universal RCA using partitioned cellular automata (PCA). Because PCA can be regarded as a subclass of standard CA, their models has standard...

The Game of Life: universality revisited - Durand, Roka (1998)  
...du Paralllisme Ecole Normale Suprieure de Lyon Unit de recherche associe au CNRS n1398 The Game of Life: universality revisited B. Durand, Zs. R'oka January 1998 Research Report N o 98-01 Ecole ... /... du Paralllisme Ecole Normale Suprieure de Lyon Unit de recherche associe au CNRS n1398 The Game of Life: universality revisited B. Durand, Zs. R'oka January 1998 Research Report N o 98-01 Ecole Normale ... /...respect to several computational models: boolean circuits, Turing machines, and two-dimensional cellular automata. These different points of view on Life's universality are chosen in order to clarify the...

Computations on Cellular Automata - Mazoyer (1998)  
...automaton ([2] and [13]) or the "real" architecture of a computer ([5] and other papers as The Game of Life: universality revisited in this book). To design algorithms on cellular automata comes... /...([2] and [13]) or the "real" architecture of a computer ([5] and other papers as The Game of Life: universality revisited in this book). To design algorithms on cellular automata comes later. In... /...Normale Sup'erieure de Lyon Unit'e de recherche associ'ee au CNRS n o 1398 SPI Computations on Cellular Automata Jacques Mazoyer July 1998 Research Report N o 98-34 Ecole Normale Sup erieure de Lyon 46...

Interactive Visualization of Three Dimensional Cellular.. - Renz, Westermann, Krüger (1994)  
...Integer Fields The most popular example of a cellular automaton (CA) is probably Conway's game of life. It is a two dimensional two state automaton where, at each instance of time t, each cell ... /... Integer Fields The most popular example of a cellular automaton (CA) is probably Conway's game of life. It is a two dimensional two state automaton where, at each instance of time t, each cell is... /...Visualization of Three Dimensional Cellular Automata Wolfgang Renz ? , Rudiger Westermann, Wolfgang Kruger Scientific Visualization Dept. of HLRZ...

Animation based on the Interaction of L-systems with.. - Noser, Thalmann, Turner  
...by ascribing a sense of density to the attractor. 1.2. Cellular automata Conway's popular Game of Life (Gardner 1971, 1983) is in fact a trivial and well-known application of a more general... /... by ascribing a sense of density to the attractor. 1.2. Cellular automata Conway's popular Game of Life (Gardner 1971, 1983) is in fact a trivial and well-known application of a more general theory... /...replacing parts using a set of rewriting rules. Several approaches have been proposed: fractals, cellular automata and L-systems. 1.1. Fractals One of the first examples of mathematical objects defined by a...

The Trend cellular automata programming environment for.. - Hui-Hsien Chou Weihuang  
...function. These models are homogeneous cellular automata 2 . For example, one of the famous Game of Life rules [12] states "If a cell is in state 0, and exactly three of its eight neighbor cells ... /...Trend cellular automata programming environment for artificial life, parallel computing, and simulation research Hui-Hsien Chou y1 ,WeiHuang y , and James A.... /...Trend cellular automata programming environment for artificial life, parallel computing, and simulation research ...

A common language for \programmable matter" (cellular.. - Tommaso To Oli  
... Every few months we come across an amateur who, having discovered John Conway's wonderful game of life, feels obliged to present the world with one more computer program to run life... /... Every few months we come across an amateur who, having discovered John Conway's wonderful game of life, feels obliged to present the world with one more computer program to run life simulations, or... /...for Arti cial Intelligence, March 2001 ... A common language for \programmable matter" (cellular automata and all that) Tommaso Tooli (tt@bu.edu) and Ted Bach (tbach@bu.edu) ECE Department, Boston...

Non-Replicative Fredkin's Rules in Homogeneous Cellular Spaces - Plamen Petrov Sofia  
..."cellular automaton" will be given later in x2. May be the most eminent CA is the John Conway's "Game of Life"[1]. In this game the cells cover completely the two-dimensional surface in the form of... /...for many interdisciplinary areas like the Evolutionary Biology, Genetic Algorithms, Artificial Life, Theory of Chaos, Physics of Computation, etc. With CA, the "space" is an infinite regular... /...intensely studied the problem of self-reproduction of configurations in computationally universal cellular automata as a model of biological evolution. Later, Edward Fredkin demonstrated that trivial reproduction...

Modeling Evolution and Immune System by Cellular Automata - Bezzi Sissa Via  
...from simple local interaction rules. This is epitomized in his celebrated abstract model called Game of Life [2], that is considered as the milestone bridging the gap between biology and the theory... /... simple local interaction rules. This is epitomized in his celebrated abstract model called Game of Life [2], that is considered as the milestone bridging the gap between biology and the theory of... /...Evolution and Immune System by Cellular Automata M. Bezzi SISSA Via Beirut, 2-4 34013 Trieste, Italy. INFM Sez. di Firenze, Largo Fermi 2, 50125, ...

On Incentives And Updating In Agent Based Models - Scott Pa Ge  
... the synchronization of clocks,"and Bersini and Detours 1994#in analyzing modi#ed versions of the game of life and the immune network model nd that random asynchronous updating induces stability... /...of clocks,"and Bersini and Detours 1994#in analyzing modi#ed versions of the game of life and the immune network model nd that random asynchronous updating induces stability rather than... /... can alter ndings signi#cantly in economic models with neighborhood e#ects. The analysis considers cellular automata models in which the timing of updating is varied from synchronous,to random asynchronous,to...

Cellular Automata and Lattice Boltzmann Techniques: An.. - Chopard, Luthi, Masselot (1998)  
...physical science have been considered. In 1970, the mathematician John Conway proposed his famous game of life[19]. His motivation was to find a simple rule leading to complex behaviors. He imagined a ... /...science have been considered. In 1970, the mathematician John Conway proposed his famous game of life[19]. His motivation was to find a simple rule leading to complex behaviors. He imagined a... /...Cellular Automata and Lattice Boltzmann Techniques: An Approach to Model and Simulate Complex Systems Bastien...

Computational Aspects of Modeling Excitable Media Using.. - William Emmanuel Yu  
...of sites and a finite number of previous time steps[22]. Cellular Automata is best known for the Game of Life invented in the 1960's by the mathematician John Horton Conway of the University of... /...and a finite number of previous time steps[22]. Cellular Automata is best known for the Game of Life invented in the 1960's by the mathematician John Horton Conway of the University of Cambridge.... /...Aspects of Modeling Excitable Media Using Cellular Automata William Emmanuel S. Yu and Rafael P. Salda na Ateneo High Performance Computing Group Ateneo de ...

Cellular Automata - Cellular Automaton Or  
...chessboard cellular automaton model gained much public popularity in the 1970s as the so-called Game of Life. A resurgence of interest in the 1980s accompanied application of simple two-state,... /...cellular automaton model gained much public popularity in the 1970s as the so-called Game of Life. A resurgence of interest in the 1980s accompanied application of simple two-state,... /...in process, 1 st 3 rd Editions also, 3 rd Edition, Van Nostrand Reinhold, NY, 1993] CELLULAR AUTOMATA A cellular automaton, or polyautomaton, is a theoretical model of a parallel computer, subject...

CATS -- A Cellular Automaton for Tracking in Silicon for the .. - Kisel, Masciocchi (1999)  
...publication of an article by M. Gardner in Scienti c American [11], which was devoted to Conway's game, Life 2 . The rules of the simple cellular automaton in this game imitate the development of a... /...of an article by M. Gardner in Scienti c American [11], which was devoted to Conway's game, Life 2 . The rules of the simple cellular automaton in this game imitate the development of a ... /...been developed for the Vertex Detector System of the HERA-B experiment at DESY. The principles of cellular automata are described. A segment model of the cellular automaton used for tracking can be regarded as...

Application of the cellular automaton and neural networks.. - Kisel Joint Institute  
...returned tracks and other difficult-to-check reasons. We had modified logic of the famous game "Life" to real track data, registered by such discrete detectors as multiwire proportional... /...returned tracks and other difficult-to-check reasons. We had modified logic of the famous game "Life" to real track data, registered by such discrete detectors as multiwire proportional chambers.... /...optimisation appear frequently in high energy physics [1]. Applicable to some of the problems are cellular automata which can be regarded as a local discrete form of neural networks. Another reason for using...

The "game of everything" - Penrose Department Of  
...The "game of everything" O. Penrose Department of Mathematics, Heriot-Watt University Riccarton, Edinburgh ... /...is like the rule of a board game and its automaton-like character makes it like Conway's "Game of Life" [4], while its aim to provide a simplified model of some important features of the world as a... /...that it is minimal at t 0. Key words: entropy, irreversibility, direction of time, reversible cellular automata, probability measures on infinite graphs, Gibbs states. 1 Introduction Ever since Boltzmann's...

Structurally Dynamic Cellular Automata - By Stephen Michael  
...each cell in a given CA, but different CA may use different neighborhoods. For example, Conway's Game of Life [3], a well-known 2-dimensional CA, uses the 9-neighbor Moore neighborhood, consisting of ... /...in a given CA, but different CA may use different neighborhoods. For example, Conway's Game of Life [3], a well-known 2-dimensional CA, uses the 9-neighbor Moore neighborhood, consisting of the... /...Dynamic Cellular Automata by Stephen Michael Majercik A thesis submitted to the Department of Computer Science and the...

Life without bounds: Does the Game of Life exhibit Self-Organized.. - Blok (1995)  
...without bounds: Does the Game of Life exhibit Self-Organized Criticality in the thermodynamic limit? By Hendrik J. Blok... /...Life without bounds: Does the Game of Life exhibit Self-Organized Criticality in the thermodynamic...

Using Large CPLDs and FPGAs for Prototyping and VGA Video.. - James Hamblen School  
...a graphics mode video output generated directly by the CPLD board. It is running Conway's life game, a form of cellular automata. This was used as a state machine and memory laboratory assignment... /...2 shows a graphics mode video output generated directly by the CPLD board. It is running Conway's life game, a form of cellular automata. This was used as a state machine and memory laboratory... /...video output generated directly by the CPLD board. It is running Conway's life game, a form of cellular automata. This was used as a state machine and memory laboratory assignment in the second digital logic...

Note on Immune Network and Majority Network - Yoshiteru Ishida  
...by graph theoretical characterization. Although State Propagation Net is comparable with Life Game,Cellular Automata, and Majority Net, we discuss its relation with Majority Net in this paper. It... /... discussed by graph theoretical characterization. Although State Propagation Net is comparable with Life Game,Cellular Automata, and Majority Net, we discuss its relation with Majority Net in this... /... by graph theoretical characterization. Although State Propagation Net is comparable with Life Game,Cellular Automata, and Majority Net, we discuss its relation with Majority Net in this paper. It is shown that...

As Large as Life and Twice as Natural: Bioinformatics and the.. - Hogeweg  
...of environment generates higher order, information processing structures? Conway's well known `Game of Life' (in [6]) is the earliest example of a very simple cellular automaton which by producing... /...Large as Life and Twice as Natural: Bioinformatics and the Artificial Life Paradigm Paulien Hogeweg ... /...proposed a formalism to study the consequences of local interactions among autonomous entities, `cellular automata'. By doing this he not only created an interesting modelling formalism, pattern recognition...

Quasi-Uniform Computation-Universal Cellular Automata - Moshe Sipper (1995)  
...proven to support universal computation (with finite initial configuration) involves the "game of life" rule [2]. One-dimensional CA have also been shown to support universal computation [28,... /...3rd. European Conference on Artificial Life, F. Mor'an, A. Moreno, J. J. Merelo, and P. Chac'on (eds.), pages 544-554, 1995. Copyright... /...(eds.), pages 544-554, 1995. Copyright Springer-Verlag 1995. Quasi-Uniform Computation-Universal Cellular Automata Moshe Sipper Department of Computer Science Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978, Israel e-mail:...

Cellular Automata and Artificial Life - Computation and Life in.. - Morita (1998)  
...CA with Moore neighborhood (9-neighborhood), Berlekamp, Conway, and Guy [9] showed that the "Life Game", which is a 2-state CA, has computation-and constructionuniversality. On the other hand,... /...School on Complex Systems December 14-18, 1998, Santiago, Chile Cellular Automata and Artificial Life Computation and Life in Reversible Cellular Automata Kenichi MORITA Hiroshima... /...6 th Summer School on Complex Systems December 14-18, 1998, Santiago, Chile Cellular Automata and Artificial Life Computation and Life in Reversible Cellular Automata Kenichi...

Classifying Cellular Automata Automatically - Wuensche (1998)  
...linked into a set of basins of attraction[13]. Figure 1: Right: The space-time pattern of the 2d game-of-Life on a 55 \Theta 55 grid, shown in a 3d isometric projection. 2d time-steps stack below... /...to ordered or chaotic) by Wolfram[12], and was one of the original motivations for Artificial Life[7]. Because glider dynamics is relatively rare in CA rule spaces, much study has focused on the... /...Cellular Automata Automatically Andy Wuensche Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501...

Cellular Processing Environment - Hochberger, Hoffmann, Völkmann..  
...for the synthesis of hardware. Simple CDL Example The most popular cellular automaton is the "game of life" which was proposed by the mathematician John Horton Conway [2]. cellular automaton life ... /...synthesis of hardware. Simple CDL Example The most popular cellular automaton is the "game of life" which was proposed by the mathematician John Horton Conway [2]. cellular automaton life type... /...10 D-64283 Darmstadt, Germany Abstract Cellular Processing is based on the computational model cellular automata and includes an appropriate software environment. The model is massively parallel because all...

Local Structure Theory: Calculation on hexagonal arrays.. - Gutowitz, Victor (1987)  
... the limit density of a prototypically complex rule on the two-dimensional square lattice, Conway's game of Life 2 . Our aim here is to examine the application of the local structure theory to rules... /...rule denoted (3422) is considered in detail. This rule has many features in common with Conway's Life. The local struc1 ture theory captures many of the statistical properties of this rule this... /...J. Stat.Phys. 1987 Abstract We apply local structure theory calculations 7 to the study of cellular automata on the two-dimensional hexagonal lattice. A particular hexagonal lattice rule denoted (3422) is...

Viability of populations in a landscape - Darwen, Green (1996)  
... as coupled map lattices (Sol'e & Valls, 1992). The best-known cellular automaton is John Conway's "Game of Life" (Berlekamp et al., 1982), made famous by Martin Gardner 's column in Scientific American ... /...map lattices (Sol'e & Valls, 1992). The best-known cellular automaton is John Conway's "Game of Life" (Berlekamp et al., 1982), made famous by Martin Gardner 's column in Scientific American... /... to too small an area at high population density. This study discovers another cause of extinction. Cellular automata models of a single population in a landscape indicate that, if a population occupies an...

Discrete Mathematics and Physics on the Planck-Scale exemplified .. - Requardt  
...dynamical laws are frequently strikingly simple (a wellknown example being e.g. Conway's "game of life"). Remark: A beautiful introduction into this fascinating field is e.g. [2]. As a ... /...dynamical laws are frequently strikingly simple (a wellknown example being e.g. Conway's "game of life"). Remark: A beautiful introduction into this fascinating field is e.g. [2]. As a shorter review... /...at least countable. ii) Systems like these or their (probably better known) close relatives, the "cellular automata", are known to be capable of socalled "complex behavior", "pattern generation" and...
Voltar

3.2) Estruturas Químicas


Billiard / HPP, FHP - Modelos de Gás
A dinâmica dos autômatos celulares pode ser usada para simular o comportamento das partículas de gás. Estes autômatos têm que ser construídos (em contraste com o Jogo da Vida) como autômatos reversíveis (de forma que uma partícula de gás não desapareça da malha).

A construção de um modelo de gás é semelhante ao autômato de Billiard. Ao contrário do autômato da Vida, as regras têm uma base de 2x2 partes da malha. Este sistema também é chamado a Vizinhança de Margulos. Uma seleção de regras pode ser:

o| . . |. o| . . |o o| . . |o

-+- --> -+- -+- --> -+- -+- --> -+-

. | . . |o o| . . |o . |o o| .
onde o "o" representa uma partícula e um "." uma célula vazia.

Depois de aplicar a regra e realizar o próximo passo, a partícula em vermelho é movida para o próximo bloco diagonal. Conseqüentemente o movimento de uma partícula precisa de dois passos de tempo. Este exemplo mostra a colisão de duas partículas.




HPP-Simulação de Gas: colisão de 2 partículas.
O modelo de gás de FHP pode ser usado para simular aerodinâmica por exemplo.
Bibliografia:
Fonte: www.ifs.tuwien.ac.at/~aschatt/info/ca/ca.html


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