Senegal wt/tpr/S/223/sen page Annex 2 senegal contents

I. Economic environment 145

(1) Main Features 145

(2) Recent Economic Developments 149

(3) Developments in Trade and Investment 150

(i) Trade in goods and services 150

(ii) Investment 154

(4) Outlook 154

II. trade policy regime: framework and objectives 155

(1) General 155

(2) Policy Objectives 158

(3) Trade Agreements and Arrangements 159

(4) Investment Regime 160

(i) Overview 160

(ii) Investment Code and free export enterprise (FEE) status 161

(5) Trade‑Related Technical Assistance 164

(i) Implementation of agreements, shaping and formulation of policies 165

(ii) Supply‑side constraints 165

(iii) Integration of trade and development policies 166

III. TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE 167

(1) Introduction 167

(2) Measures Directly Affecting Imports 168

(i) Registration 168

(ii) Customs procedures 169

(iii) Customs levies 172

(iv) Prohibitions, quantitative restrictions and licensing 176

(v) Standardization, accreditation and certification 178

(vi) Sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures 179

(vii) Packaging, marking and labelling requirements 180

(viii) Contingency measures 180

(ix) Other measures 181

(3) Measures Directly Affecting Exports 181

(i) Customs procedures 181

(ii) Export duties and taxes 182

(iii) Export prohibitions, quantitative restrictions, controls and licensing 182

(iv) Export subsidies, promotion and assistance 182

(v) Free zone 183

(4) Measures Affecting Production and Trade 183

(i) Incentives 183

(ii) Competition and price control 184

(iii) State trading, government enterprises and privatization 185

(iv) Government procurement 187

(v) Protection of intellectual property rights 189

Page

IV. TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY SECTOR 191

(1) Introduction 191

(2) Agriculture and Related Activities 192

(i) Overview 192

(ii) Agricultural policy 193

(iii) Policy by sector 198

(iv) Livestock 201

(v) Fisheries and aquaculture 203

(3) Mining, Energy and Water 205

(i) Petroleum and gas products 205

(ii) Mining products 208

(iii) Electricity 211

(iv) Water 212

(4) Manufacturing 212

(5) Services 216

(i) Overview 216

(ii) Telecommunications and postal services 217

(iii) Transport 219

(iv) Tourism 225

(v) Financial services 226

(vi) Professional and business services 229

references 231

appendiX TABLES 237

I. ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

I.2 Direction of merchandise trade, 2002-2008 153

I.2 Balance of payments, 2001‑2008 147

I.3 Trend of private investment and FDI, 1998‑2008 154
II. TRADE AND INVESTMENT REGIMES
II.1 Main Senegalese laws and regulations relating to trade, July 2009 156

II.2 Documents relating to Senegal's participation in the WTO, April 2003 159

II.3 Overview of the Investment Code and free export enterprise status, July 2009 163
III. TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY MEASURE
III.1 Customs revenue by heading, 2003‑2008 172

III.2 MFN tariff rates applied that exceed the bound rates, 2009 174

III.3 Procedures for awarding government procurement contracts, 2009 188
IV. TRADE POLICIES AND PRACTICES BY SECTOR
IV.1 Production, 1999/2000-2008/2009 crop seasons 192

IV.2 Agricultural production subsidies, 2005/2006-2008/2009 194

IV.3 Annual national trends in the livestock population, 2002-2008 202

IV.4 Indicators of telecommunications services, 2003-2007 219

AII.2 Structure of exports, 2002-2008 240

AII.3 Structure of exports (including re-exports), 2002-2008 241

AII.4 Origin of imports, 2002-2008 242

AII.5 Destination of exports, 2002-2008 243

AII.6 Destination of exports (including re-exports), 2002-2008 244

1. Economic environment

   1. Main Features¹

      1. 
         Senegal lies on the west coast of Africa and covers an area of 196,000 km², with a population estimated at nearly 12 million in 2008 (Table I.1), of whom 64 per cent are below the age of 25; the birth rate is about 2.5 per cent per annum. The urbanization rate rose from 41 per cent in 2002 to 47 per cent in 2007. The capital Dakar, with about 2.5 million inhabitants, remains Senegal's most highly populated city and main economic centre. The centre of the country, the groundnut basin, is one of the other main regions of population concentration (some 35 per cent of the total). The young age of the population and limited employment possibilities explain the scale of rural exodus and subsequent emigration to other countries, as evidenced by private transfer flows (Table I.2).² The unemployment rate remains high, especially in urban areas, at about 14 per cent in 2007 (Table I.1).
         
      2. 
         Senegal acquired "Least Developed Country (LDC)"³ status in 2001. According to the latest definitive data from the Agence nationale de la statistique et de la démographie (National Statistics and Demography Agency), per capita income was estimated at US$883 for 2007. Senegal ranks 156^th out of 177 countries according to the UNDP human development index (2007‑2008), on the basis of 2005 data.⁴ Services account for about 53 per cent of GDP and constitute the main sector of activity, growing in overall importance (Table I.1). The agricultural sector's share of GDP fell from 13.7 per cent in 2003 to 11.3 per cent in 2007; however, traditional farming practices continue to make this sector the principal employer with approximately 56 per cent of the active population. At about 17.7 per cent of real GDP, the manufacturing sector's contribution remains modest, while that of the mining and energy sector remains small, below 4 per cent (Table I.1). The informal sector is still large in Senegal, being estimated at 44.5 per cent of GDP.
         

a Projections

b The 2006 and 2007 data are projections.

c The 2007 figure is an estimate.

d The minus sign (‑) indicates depreciation.

e After relief under the HIPC initiative and the MDRI (from 2006 onwards).

f Annual averages.

g The 2007 figure is an estimate, and the 2008 one a projection.

h The minus sign (‑) indicates a depreciation, (Index 2000=100).

Source: ADSN (2008), Situation économique et sociale du Sénégal, October. Viewed at: http://www.ansd.sn/publications/annuelles/ SES_2007.pdf; African Development Bank (2008), Selected Statistics; ADSN online information, "Note d'Analyse des Comptes Nationaux du Sénégal". Viewed at: http://www.ansd.sn/publications_CompteNat.html; IMF (2006), Senegal: Third and Fourth Reviews Under the Three‑Year Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility and Request for Waiver of Performance Criteria‑‑Staff Report; Press Release; and Statement by Executive Director for Senegal, Country report No. 06/127, March; IMF (2007), Senegal: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper, Country Report No. 07/316, September; IMF (2007), Senegal: Request for a Three‑Year Policy Support Instrument ‑ Staff Report; Staff Statement; Press Release on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Senegal, Country Report No. 07/358, November; and IMF (2008), Senegal: Staff Report for the 2008 Article IV Consultation, First Review Under the Policy Support Instrument, and Request for Waiver of Assessment Criterion and Modification of Assessment Criteria ‑ Staff Report; Staff Supplement; Staff Statement; Public Information Notice and Press Release on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Senegal, Country Report No. 08/209, July.
Table I.2

Balance of payments, 2001‑2008

(US$ million)

a Estimates.

b Projections.

c Includes the proceeds from the sale of a telecommunications licence to a Sudanese operator for the sum of 200 million dollars.

1. 
   As a WAEMU member, Senegal shares a common currency with the other member states, as well as several economic policy components, including monetary and exchange policies (joint report, Chapter I(2)).⁵
   
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