Telecommunications & The Internet Basic Telecom Model



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Network-Internet

Common Bandwidths

  • 56K modem 0.056 Mbps
  • ADSL 40 Mbps
  • Cable Modem 50 Mbps
  • T1 1.5 Mbps
  • Ethernet 10 to 1,000 Mbps
  • T3 44.7 Mbps
  • See http://bandwidthplace.com/

Upper Tier Bandwidths OC-x mulitples of 51.85 Mbps

  • OC-3 155 Mbps
  • OC-12 622 Mbps
  • OC-48 2,488 Mbps
  • OC-96 4,977 Mbps
  • OC-192 9,953 Mbps
  • OC-768 39,812 Mbps

Organization Benefits of Internet

  • Reducing Communication Costs
  • Enhancing Communication and Coordination
  • Accelerating the Distribution of Knowledge
  • Facilitating Electronic Commerce

Intranets

  • An internal network based on World Wide Web technology
  • Firewall
    • security software to prevent unauthorized access to an intranet
  • Firebreak

Internet Challenges

  • Security
  • Technology Problems
    • incompatibility
    • limited bandwidth
    • telecommunications infrastructure
    • internet specialists
  • Legal Issues

IP Addresses

  • An identifier for a computer or device on a TCP/IP network. Networks using the TCP/IP protocol route messages based on the IP address of the destination. The format of an IP address is a 32-bit numeric address written as four numbers separated by periods. Each number can be zero to 255. For example, 1.160.10.240 could be an IP address.

IP Address Classes

  • Class A - 168.212.226.204
  • supports 16 million hosts on each of 127 networks
  • Class B - 168.212.226.204
  • supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks
    • NDUS has two Class B addresses
      • 134.129.xxx.xxx Eastern ND
      • 134.234.xxx.xxx Western ND
  • Class C - 168.212.226.204
  • supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks

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