Terrorism from Below Vigilantes and Patriot Militias
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Vigilantes and Patriot Militias
Defend or Preserve Communal Values Belief that Government must be controlled at Local Level Those Frontiersman became Scapegoat Vigilantes
Scapegoating Vigilantes
All but one Colony made celebrating Mass a public offense Catholics denied right to vote Several States required State Office Holders to swear they were Protestants 1840s and Potato Famine KKK Terrorism against Catholics in 1920s Asians and Vigilantes
1850 – California Legislature passed a Miner’s Tax 1854 – California Supreme Court Decision that “Chinese and Other People not white” could not testify in court against Whites 1870s – Cigarmakers’ Union sent notice across Western United States that Chinese imposed great injury to White working men and women California Chinese victims of Vigilantism 1882 – Chinese Exclusion Act prohibited Entry into the US: Exclusions included teachers, students, merchants, tourists, and officials 1913 – Alien Land Law (CA) – Aliens ineligible for citizenships (Asians); Limited lease of agriculture to 3 years 1920 – Land Law Amended Prohibit leasing land to aliens ineligible for citizenship 1922 – US Supreme Court Decision: Asians were neither White nor Black and therefore Ineligible to Become Citizens 1922 – Cable Act: Any Woman who marries an alien ineligible for citizenship shall cease to be a US Citizen 1924 – Immigration Act: Forbade immigration of Asians, except Filipinos Denied all Asians Naturalization Rights Prohibited Asians from marrying a Caucasian and owning land African Americans and Vigilantes
Many Whites feared change because no legal institution of slavery 1868 – 1,081 African Americans and White Republicans Killed Denied access to Educational facilities – burning buildings, flogging teachers, and some murders 1882-1951: 4,730 persons, 70 % Black, were executed by Lynch Mobs in the South Tactics: Urban Riots – Whites provoke one-sided attacks against Blacks 1898 – Declaration of White Independence in Wilmington, South Carolina Removal of All Blacks from office and jobs 1906 – Atlanta Race Riots in response to call to end black rape After WW 1, Communal Riots 1942-43 Resurgence of Racial Rioting 1954 – Brown v. Board of Education Vigilantism including Bombings, Arsons, and Killings Targets: Black Civil Rights activists and White Traitors Attacks on southern Blacks by Racist Individuals, Groups, and Mobs Patriot Militias
Protest overzealous federal legislation Opposed capitalistic efforts that exploited laboring men and women
Protest increasing national, versus local, control over farmers products Increasing Numbers of Evictions of farmers due to the depression Used Violence to stop evictions and foreclosures Directory: homepages homepages -> The Writings of homepages -> Analysis of Stereo Image Rectification Algorithms homepages -> Ecse 6650 Computer Vision Project 2 3-d reconstruction homepages -> 985 Program Universities homepages -> Western Michigan University Haworth College of Business homepages -> Jsr 2011 Note on the Aberdeen University Elliott 4120 computer homepages -> Multiscale Simulation Representative publications homepages -> Programming with the Basic Stamp Editor Download 18.82 Kb. Share with your friends:
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