The internal combustion engine works by changing heat energy into kinetic energy. There are many ways to do this, some better than others. But no matter how efficiently it is done, and no matter the size of the engine, the heat energy generated never completely changes into kinetic energy. Some energy is always lost.
This is certainly true in internal combustion engines where only about a third of the heat generated is transformed into the mechanical energy that moves the piston and turns the crankshaft. Another third goes out the exhaust, wasted. The rest tries to spread round the engine.
Heat travels in just 3 ways.
The way it moves through solids is called conduction.
Through liquids and gases, it is called convection. It follows paths called convection currents.
Through space, it moves by radiation.
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