Transport economics Why is transport important?
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- Annual benefits
Annual costsTransport for London administrative and other costs 5 Scheme operation 90 Additional bus costs 20 Charge payer compliance costs 15 Cost to car occupants transferring to public transport, etc. 20
Total 150Annual benefitsTime savings to car and taxi occupants, business use 75 Time savings to car and taxi occupants, private use 40 Time savings to commercial vehicle occupants 20 Time savings to bus passengers 20 Reliability benefits to car, taxi and commercial vehicle occupants 10 Reliability benefits to bus passengers 10 Vehicle and fuel operating savings 10 Accident savings 15 Total 200 Notice that this table excludes net revenue from the scheme, which was a little less than £80m in the first year. This surplus is earmarked for transport improvements. Effectively this gives a net annual benefit of £130m in the first year. 2006/7 The latest report by Transport for London states: Traffic patterns remain broadly stable. The July 2005 rise in price to £8 was effective in reducing traffic flow. Congestion levels are on average 26% lower than before charging was introduced. Given that without charging congestion would have increased this represents an underestimate of the effect of the charge. There appears to be no net impact on London’s economy. Accidents and pollution have declined. In 2005/6 there were net revenues of £122m. Traffic Speeds Traffic speeds have increased in the charging zone, but are falling again. This shows the ongoing problem of rising incomes and GDP will require more intervention in the future – see Singapore!  
Commission for Integrated Transport The CfIT has suggested a radical system that would lead to countrywide charging. Their aim is to manage the flow of traffic throughout the country, rather than in a few places. By using GPS they believe that it is possible to track and charge every vehicle. They do not propose a rise in overall charges. Rather they suggest reducing fuel duty and vehicle excise tax and charging for use of roads when they are busiest. Thus someone driving on city centre roads at peak times pays a great deal, while someone driving along a country road pays little or nothing. Directory: files -> quia -> users users -> L y aura un quiz sur le vocabulaire users -> 007. Explain and demonstrate basic cad commands and techniques users -> Vocabulary review users -> Three Approaches to Defining Jazz Mark Gridley, Robert Maxham and Robert Hoff Copyright 1989 by Oxford University Press users -> Inventions and Inventors Web Quest Introduction users -> How do we handle these contacts? users -> A brief History of the Personal Computer users -> Lecture #13 the civil war from The Election of Lincoln to the Surrender at Appomattox Election of 1860 users -> Hours: 05 Term: Winter/Spring 2005 Days users -> Ch. 1 Thinking Geographically Download 4.92 Mb. Share with your friends:
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