Commonwealth of Australia 2002
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- 12.1Aquatic environment
- 12.1.1Toxicity to fish
- 12.1.2Toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Test Conditions
- 12.1.3Toxicity to aquatic plants
- Reference
12.Environment EffectsNo ecotoxicity tests were provided during the assessment. The following toxicity results have been obtained from the Concise International Chemical Assessment Document (IPCS, 1998) on limonene. Test reports and figures are stated as reported and have not been sighted. No chronic testing on any trophic level appears to have been conducted. 12.1Aquatic environmentThe acute toxicity of d-limonene ranges from slight to high for aquatic organisms. The lowest acute toxicity values (EC50 or LC50) identified were approximately 0.4 mg/L for daphnia and 0.7 mg/L for fish. The no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) for green algae is approximately 4 mg/L. The acute toxicity (EC50 or LC50) of dipentene to daphnia and fish is about 50-70 times lower than that for d-limonene. Results of ecotoxicity testing of aquatic organisms are summarised below. 12.1.1Toxicity to fishTable 12.1 - Toxicity to fish (IPCS, 1998)
The results of testing indicate that d-limonene can be considered highly toxic while the racemic mixture dl-limonene is slightly toxic to fish under acute exposure. 12.1.2Toxicity to aquatic invertebratesTable 12.2 - Toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
The above results indicate that d-limonene can be considered highly toxic to aquatic invertebrates and the racemic mixture is slightly toxic. The racemate is also slightly toxic to mosquito fly. 12.1.3Toxicity to aquatic plantsTable 12.3 - Toxicity to aquatic plants
Based on the results of this solitary test, the racemic mixture of limonene can be considered moderately toxic to aquatic plants. Directory: data -> assets -> word doc -> 0019 0019 -> Commonwealth of Australia 2000 0019 -> Rail safety news issue 6 – October 2011 0019 -> Social and economic benefits of improved adult literacy: Towards a better understanding Robyn Hartley Jackie Horne 0019 -> From: Virginia Holt [mailto: (personal contact details deleted) 0019 -> By Yvonne Hillier Introduction 0019 -> Communications alliance 0019 -> Allocations Manual Homeless with Support Category 0019 -> Inquiry into Vulnerable Road Users Inquiry into Vulnerable Road Users Download 1.1 Mb. Share with your friends:
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