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Chinese Preferential Tariffs to 24 Sub-Saharan African LDCs
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| Chinese Preferential Tariffs to 24 Sub-Saharan African LDCs Number Effectively African As of applied LDC’s percentage Average lines tariff export of total Number of reduction exported before values on category Tariffs lines in in tariff by African preferential preferential imports paid preferential rates LDCs in tariff tariffs in from in 2004, Product group tariffs (percent) 2004 (percent) 2004, $m Africa $m Agricultural raw materials— non-edible 26 7 15 11 16 28 Agricultural raw materials— edible 20 10 9 13 10 95 Processed food 14 2 5 26 100 Petroleum products 8 0 n.a. 0 n.a. 0.0 Ores 4 2 3 2 4 Mineral manufactures 18 1 18 0.01 100 Nonmetal minerals 24 0 n.a. 0 n.a. 0.0 Basic metal 8 6 2 147 100 Textiles 8 7 5 2 1 1.2 Apparel/footwear 26 15 9 15 0.04 33 Machinery and transportation equipment 7 1 4 0.003 Electric machines 7 0 n.a. 0 n.a. 0.0 Electronics 2 5 0 n.a. 0 n.a. 0.0 Other manufacturing 10 14 9 1 77 10.1 Nonpharmaceutical chemicals 11 4 8 0 61 Pharmaceutical chemicals 4 1 4 0.005 100 Live animals—not edible 10 0 n.a. 0 n.a. 0.0 Total 190 9.8 72 5.3 $207 Source Chinese Ministry of Commerce, December Note n.a. = not applicable. Categories are based on the conversion of HS code to STIC 2 code. 03-Chap3:03-Chap3 10/10/06 10:08 AM Page 173 174 AFRICA ’ S SILK ROAD : CHINA AND INDIA ’ S NEW ECONOMIC FRONTIER tiles and clothing, the optimism of the mining companies maybe overstated, because China’s tariff on metallic ores is already close to zero. To ease the concern of South African textile and clothing companies, China agreed to limit the growth of its textile and garment exports to South Africa, taking a voluntary export restraint measure. South African policymakers are in a dilemma while some labor-intensive domestic industries might experience revenue reduction and unemployment, consumers can immediately enjoy the benefits of low-priced products imported from China. 29 Unilateral preferential tariff arrangements such as AGOA and EBA focus on granting market access to goods. However, deeper bilateral and interre- gional economic integration initiatives, such as FTAs and economic partnership agreements (EPAs), could potentially provide new and additional opportunities for African countries to enhance their trade activities. The fact that African governments in general welcome Chinese investments more than they do Chinese products provides opportunities for Africa and Asia to pursue FTAs on a much broader base, including investments and services trade, such as financial services and tourism. Regional Trade Agreements Among African Countries The general benefits of FTAs or RTAs are realized through two main channels (i) by competition and scale effects, and (ii) by trade and location effects. Not surprisingly, many regional integration agreements (RIAs) are currently in force in Africa to expand the economic and geographic horizons of small African economies. The major RIAs are shown in table 3.15. 30 African economies remain relatively fragmented compared to TABLE 3.14 Download 5.17 Mb. Share with your friends:
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