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Tariff Patterns of Asian Countries, Weighted Tariff, 2005
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| Tariff Patterns of Asian Countries, Weighted Tariff, 2005 (percent) China Hong Kong Japan India African countries Product group (SITC) LDC Non-LDC LDC Non-LDC LDC Non-LDC LDC Non-LDC Food and live animals 10 0 0 1 6 32 Beverages and tobacco 0 0 0 6 30 Crude materials, inedible, except fuels 3 0 0 0 0 11 Mineral fuels, lubricants, and related materials 0 0 0 0 14 Animal and vegetable oils, fats, and waxes 0 3 Chemicals and related products, n.e.s. 8 7 0 0 0 0 15 Manufactured goods classified chiefly by material 4 0 0 0 1 15 Machinery and transport equipment 8 0 0 0 0 15 Miscellaneous manufactured articles 13 0 0 0 5 15 Gold 15 Source UNCTAD TRAINS. Note: Figures are rounded to the nondecimal level. Blank cells represent product groups with no imports from Africa so that weighted average tariff rates are null. Korea’s tariff schedule was from 2004. Rest of Asia includes Bangladesh, Lao PDR, Maldives, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam. African non-LDCs include Botswana, Cameroon, Republic of Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Namibia, Nigeria, Seychelles, South Africa, and Swaziland. African LDCs are countries published by UNCTAD in 2005. Shaded cells indicate product groups that have more than 10 percent average tariff rates. 03-Chap3:03-Chap3 10/10/06 10:08 AM Page 134 CHALLENGES “ AT THE BORDER ” 135 Korea Indonesia Malaysia Singapore Rest of Asia African countries LDC Non-LDC LDC Non-LDC LDC Non-LDC LDC Non-LDC LDC Non-LDC 10 29 5 5 0 1 0 0 10 11 2 15 5 5 0 0 0 10 19 146 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 5 5 5 2 0 0 1 1 3 4 8 2 0 0 19 7 7 5 5 0 7 0 0 7 5 0 3 4 3 0 2 0 0 1 1 0 6 7 8 1 4 0 0 11 28 0 8 11 10 2 7 0 0 14 12 0 4 5 Product-Specific Analysis of Chinese and Indian Tariffs on African Products Detailed product-specific analysis of some of the highest tariffs, specifically those on food, inedible crude materials, and chemicals, shows that although they are applied to a small number of products, in fact they drive up the average tariff rates for African exports (table 3.4). For China, the high tariff on crude materials is a result of the high tariff on cotton. For India, the high tariffs on food, crude materials, and chemicals are the result of high tariffs on cashew nuts, cotton, scrap metals, and phosphorus pen- toxide and acids. Tariff Escalation in Asia on Key African Exports Asia’s tariff structure consists of many peaks and escalations. When higher tariffs are imposed on more processed products to retain higher value- added activities in the domestic market, and raw materials not locally available face lower tariffs, this allows the domestic industry to access 03-Chap3:03-Chap3 10/10/06 10:08 AM Page 135 |