Table A7f: Concentrations of POC groups for each discrete HVS sample for the comprehensive measurements during individual prescribed burn episodes at Fort Benning, separated by the morning pre-burn conditions, the afternoon flaming stage, the evening smoldering stage, and the nocturnal post- burn, and potential plume impact stages; incl. acres burnt on the fort.
Start
|
Stop
|
Burnt
|
n-Alkanes
|
n-Alkanoic acids
|
Arom diacids
|
Resin acids
|
Levo- glucosan
|
PAH
|
Hopanes
|
Ster-anes
|
Others
|
POC / OC
|
(EST)
|
(EST)
|
acres
|
(ng/m3)
|
(%)
|
1/20/03 0:00
|
1/21/03 0:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/21/03 12:00
|
1/21/03 17:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/21/03 17:00
|
1/21/03 22:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/21/03 22:00
|
1/22/03 3:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/22/03 3:00
|
1/22/03 8:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1/22/03 8:00
|
1/22/03 13:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AVG
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
STD
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2/2/03 0:00
|
2/3/03 0:00
|
|
10.2
|
24.7
|
1.2
|
16.8
|
205.0
|
1.5
|
1.6
|
0.4
|
15.2
|
6.1
|
2/5/03 12:00
|
2/5/03 17:00
|
937
|
18.0
|
13.9
|
2.9
|
4.8
|
94.3
|
2.3
|
2.9
|
0.6
|
16.1
|
6.3
|
2/5/03 17:00
|
2/5/03 22:00
|
|
26.9
|
32.0
|
1.9
|
20.4
|
440.6
|
5.3
|
3.5
|
0.8
|
25.5
|
9.4
|
2/5/03 22:00
|
2/6/03 3:00
|
|
24.4
|
43.5
|
2.7
|
42.2
|
472.5
|
7.5
|
1.0
|
0.4
|
24.1
|
13.2
|
2/6/03 3:00
|
2/6/03 8:00
|
|
28.0
|
42.5
|
3.7
|
40.9
|
384.0
|
5.2
|
1.3
|
0.4
|
21.8
|
16.8
|
2/6/03 8:00
|
2/6/03 13:00
|
|
16.1
|
28.1
|
2.3
|
42.6
|
512.0
|
2.8
|
0.4
|
0.2
|
25.3
|
12.5
|
|
AVG
|
|
16.6
|
28.4
|
2.0
|
23.6
|
294.6
|
3.1
|
1.7
|
0.4
|
19.0
|
8.9
|
|
STD
|
|
5.3
|
11.2
|
0.8
|
16.1
|
165.5
|
2.3
|
1.1
|
0.2
|
4.6
|
4.2
|
3/10/03 17:00
|
3/10/03 22:00
|
535
|
11.6
|
13.2
|
0.5
|
4.2
|
19.8
|
0.6
|
4.7
|
1.0
|
0.5
|
1.2
|
3/10/03 22:00
|
3/11/03 3:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3/11/03 8:00
|
3/11/03 13:00
|
721
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AVG
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
STD
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3/24/03 12:00
|
3/25/03 12:00
|
956
|
15.0
|
38.2
|
3.6
|
460.5
|
689.4
|
8.9
|
1.0
|
|
6.6
|
8.8
|
3/25/03 12:00
|
3/25/03 22:00
|
1451
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3/25/03 22:00
|
3/26/03 8:00
|
648
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3/27/03 12:00
|
3/27/03 22:00
|
715
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3/27/03 22:00
|
3/28/03 12:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AVG
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
STD
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4/13/03 13:00
|
4/14/03 12:00
|
468
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4/14/03 12:00
|
4/14/03 21:00
|
609
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4/14/03 21:00
|
4/15/03 12:00
|
|
28.7
|
32.3
|
3.8
|
20.8
|
106.2
|
2.6
|
1.4
|
0.5
|
3.2
|
2.7
|
4/15/03 21:00
|
4/16/03 11:00
|
1284
|
7.5
|
20.7
|
3.5
|
15.8
|
114.9
|
0.7
|
0.5
|
0.1
|
2.5
|
3.3
|
4/16/03 12:00
|
4/16/03 21:00
|
943
|
19.1
|
44.4
|
2.8
|
2.5
|
49.6
|
0.4
|
2.0
|
0.9
|
2.3
|
3.4
|
4/16/03 21:00
|
4/17/03 6:00
|
|
11.4
|
29.9
|
3.0
|
9.7
|
66.7
|
0.3
|
0.5
|
0.1
|
1.7
|
3.2
|
4/17/03 12:00
|
4/18/03 12:00
|
702
|
5.2
|
22.4
|
2.6
|
5.0
|
33.7
|
0.4
|
0.8
|
0.3
|
1.0
|
2.0
|
|
AVG
|
|
9.1
|
19.2
|
2.1
|
7.4
|
49.1
|
0.6
|
0.7
|
0.2
|
1.4
|
1.9
|
|
STD
|
|
9.6
|
9.4
|
0.5
|
7.6
|
35.3
|
1.0
|
0.6
|
0.3
|
0.8
|
0.6
|
4/28/03 12:00
|
4/29/03 12:00
|
329
|
6.3
|
12.8
|
2.8
|
1.7
|
25.0
|
0.5
|
1.4
|
|
0.3
|
1.2
|
4/29/03 12:00
|
4/29/03 21:00
|
285
|
14.2
|
29.7
|
2.9
|
5.4
|
98.0
|
0.3
|
3.7
|
|
0.6
|
3.7
|
4/29/03 21:00
|
4/30/03 6:00
|
|
9.6
|
22.6
|
1.8
|
56.6
|
115.4
|
1.3
|
1.5
|
|
|
|
4/30/03 12:00
|
5/1/03 12:00
|
|
5.8
|
12.9
|
1.4
|
3.1
|
27.0
|
0.2
|
1.1
|
|
|
|
|
AVG
|
|
7.7
|
16.5
|
2.2
|
10.2
|
48.0
|
0.5
|
1.6
|
|
0.2
|
0.9
|
|
STD
|
|
3.9
|
8.2
|
0.7
|
26.6
|
47.2
|
0.5
|
1.2
|
|
0.3
|
1.8
|
5/28/03 12:00
|
5/28/03 21:00
|
251
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5/28/03 21:00
|
5/29/03 6:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5/29/03 12:00
|
5/30/03 12:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5/30/03 12:00
|
5/31/03 12:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AVG
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
STD
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Table A8a: PM2.5 concentrations in ng m-3 of individual POC in 8 samples collected at OLC, representing background conditions, and potential influences from flaming and smoldering PB sources in February and March 2003.
Start (EST)
|
2/1/03 0:00
|
2/5/03 12:00
|
2/5/03 17:00
|
2/5/03 22:00
|
2/6/03 3:00
|
2/6/03 8:00
|
3/10/03 17:00
|
3/24/03 12:00
|
Stop (EST)
|
2/1/03 12:00
|
2/5/03 17:00
|
2/5/03 22:00
|
2/6/03 3:00
|
2/6/03 8:00
|
2/6/03 13:00
|
3/10/03 22:00
|
3/25/03 12:00
|
Duration (h)
|
12
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
24
|
PB Impact
|
BKG
|
FLAM1
|
FLAM2
|
SMOL1
|
SMOL2
|
SMOL3
|
FLAM
|
FL&SM
|
Compounds
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
n-Heptadecane
|
0.16
|
1.68
|
0.80
|
1.73
|
2.58
|
1.59
|
0.21
|
|
n-Octadecane
|
0.18
|
0.31
|
|
0.33
|
0.48
|
0.18
|
0.08
|
|
n-Nonadecane
|
0.17
|
0.47
|
0.38
|
0.89
|
1.06
|
0.64
|
0.14
|
|
n-Eicosane
|
0.39
|
1.17
|
0.87
|
1.52
|
1.81
|
1.38
|
0.03
|
|
n-Heneicosane
|
1.10
|
2.83
|
1.78
|
1.51
|
1.99
|
2.01
|
0.27
|
|
n-Docosane
|
1.08
|
2.13
|
2.24
|
1.42
|
2.60
|
1.62
|
0.44
|
0.08
|
n-Tricosane
|
0.75
|
1.27
|
2.28
|
1.77
|
2.77
|
1.34
|
0.69
|
0.71
|
n-Tetracosane
|
0.44
|
0.83
|
1.95
|
1.74
|
2.62
|
0.93
|
0.47
|
0.76
|
n-Pentacosane
|
0.59
|
1.15
|
2.03
|
1.65
|
2.17
|
0.87
|
0.59
|
1.48
|
n-Hexacosane
|
0.30
|
0.46
|
1.15
|
1.43
|
1.68
|
0.65
|
0.29
|
0.56
|
n-Heptacosane
|
0.56
|
0.51
|
1.92
|
1.89
|
1.86
|
1.24
|
0.45
|
1.71
|
n-Octacosane
|
0.27
|
0.26
|
0.84
|
0.76
|
0.86
|
0.37
|
0.19
|
0.51
|
n-Nonacosane
|
1.07
|
0.34
|
2.50
|
2.55
|
1.68
|
1.52
|
0.42
|
4.24
|
n-Triacontane
|
0.29
|
0.07
|
0.50
|
0.48
|
0.51
|
0.21
|
0.18
|
0.46
|
n-Hentriacontane
|
0.89
|
0.28
|
2.62
|
2.81
|
1.62
|
1.29
|
0.46
|
3.63
|
n-Dotriacontane
|
0.23
|
0.26
|
0.69
|
0.51
|
0.52
|
0.06
|
0.63
|
|
n-Tritriacontane
|
0.46
|
1.73
|
1.80
|
1.03
|
0.61
|
0.25
|
0.72
|
0.81
|
n-Tetratriacontane
|
0.74
|
1.26
|
1.72
|
0.24
|
0.38
|
|
1.81
|
|
n-Pentatriacontane
|
0.48
|
1.03
|
0.62
|
0.04
|
0.21
|
|
3.50
|
|
n-Hexatriacontane
|
|
|
0.22
|
0.15
|
|
|
|
|
Sum of odd n-Alkanes
|
6.23
|
11.28
|
16.73
|
15.86
|
16.55
|
10.75
|
7.45
|
12.58
|
Sum of even n-Alkanes
|
3.93
|
6.75
|
10.18
|
8.56
|
11.44
|
5.39
|
4.12
|
2.38
|
CPI (odd/even)
|
1.59
|
1.67
|
1.64
|
1.85
|
1.45
|
1.99
|
1.81
|
5.29
|
Sum of n-Alkanes
|
10.16
|
18.03
|
26.91
|
24.42
|
27.99
|
16.15
|
11.57
|
14.95
|
Tetradecanoic acid
|
2.04
|
2.58
|
2.78
|
2.74
|
3.29
|
2.28
|
3.62
|
|
Pentadecanoic acid
|
0.92
|
0.29
|
0.27
|
0.49
|
0.48
|
0.36
|
0.18
|
0.18
|
Hexadecanoic acid
|
6.17
|
5.77
|
6.98
|
12.03
|
14.82
|
3.73
|
5.08
|
|
Heptadecanoic acid
|
0.28
|
0.26
|
0.34
|
0.59
|
0.79
|
0.28
|
0.30
|
|
Octadecanoic acid
|
2.47
|
0.60
|
3.12
|
4.56
|
6.60
|
|
2.27
|
|
Nonadecanoic acid
|
0.12
|
0.08
|
0.22
|
0.27
|
0.22
|
0.23
|
0.05
|
0.40
|
Eicosanoic acid
|
0.52
|
0.23
|
1.26
|
1.30
|
0.97
|
0.99
|
0.16
|
2.81
|
Heneicosanoic acid
|
0.38
|
0.15
|
0.53
|
0.63
|
0.49
|
0.57
|
0.06
|
0.92
|
Docosanoic acid
|
1.69
|
0.71
|
2.55
|
3.04
|
2.24
|
2.82
|
0.26
|
4.98
|
Tricosanoic acid
|
0.88
|
0.27
|
1.20
|
1.43
|
0.95
|
1.34
|
0.12
|
2.79
|
Tetracosanoic acid
|
3.58
|
1.20
|
4.30
|
6.01
|
4.66
|
6.16
|
0.43
|
12.66
|
Pentacosanoic acid
|
0.32
|
0.11
|
0.42
|
0.61
|
0.42
|
0.50
|
0.06
|
0.99
|
Hexacosanoic acid
|
1.94
|
0.55
|
1.99
|
3.08
|
2.37
|
3.14
|
0.23
|
6.78
|
Heptacosanoic acid
|
0.31
|
0.10
|
0.39
|
0.53
|
0.34
|
0.42
|
0.03
|
0.35
|
Octacosanoic acid
|
1.10
|
0.36
|
1.78
|
2.13
|
1.36
|
1.72
|
0.15
|
2.26
|
Nonacosanoic acid
|
0.19
|
0.08
|
0.42
|
0.48
|
0.31
|
0.41
|
0.03
|
0.39
|
Triacontanoic acid
|
1.85
|
0.53
|
3.42
|
3.62
|
2.23
|
3.15
|
0.21
|
2.66
|
Sum n-Alkanoic acids
|
24.74
|
13.88
|
31.97
|
43.55
|
42.54
|
28.10
|
13.25
|
38.18
|
17α(H)-21β(H)-29-Norhopane
|
0.26
|
0.49
|
0.67
|
0.16
|
0.25
|
0.04
|
1.00
|
0.26
|
17α(H)-21β(H)-Hopane
|
0.42
|
0.69
|
0.90
|
0.15
|
0.28
|
0.01
|
1.59
|
0.25
|
22,29,30-Trisnorneohopane
|
0.14
|
0.29
|
0.32
|
0.09
|
0.10
|
0.08
|
0.61
|
0.25
|
22,29,30-Trisnorhopane
|
0.24
|
0.54
|
0.49
|
0.13
|
0.17
|
0.10
|
0.42
|
0.18
|
20S,R-5α(H),14β(H),17β(H)- Cholestane
|
0.07
|
0.14
|
0.17
|
0.07
|
0.09
|
0.04
|
0.29
|
|
20R-5α(H),14α(H),17α(H)- Cholestane
|
0.11
|
0.17
|
0.21
|
0.07
|
0.08
|
0.05
|
0.29
|
|
20S,R-5α(H),14β(H),17β(H)- Ergostane
|
0.08
|
0.09
|
0.14
|
0.08
|
0.08
|
0.04
|
0.17
|
|
20S,R-5α(H),14β(H),17β(H)- Sitostane
|
0.15
|
0.19
|
0.29
|
0.16
|
0.12
|
0.09
|
0.28
|
|
22S,17α(H),21β(H)- Homohopane
|
0.13
|
0.23
|
0.29
|
0.13
|
0.15
|
0.11
|
0.38
|
0.06
|
22R,17α(H),21β(H)- Homohopane
|
0.11
|
0.22
|
0.36
|
0.13
|
0.13
|
0.07
|
0.37
|
0.16
|
22S,17α(H),21β(H)- Bishomohopane
|
0.08
|
0.11
|
0.12
|
0.08
|
0.11
|
0.04
|
0.19
|
|
22R,17α(H),21β(H)- Bishomohopane
|
0.07
|
0.15
|
0.10
|
0.05
|
0.04
|
|
0.21
|
|
22S,17α(H),21β(H)- Trishomohopane
|
0.06
|
0.07
|
0.11
|
0.06
|
0.06
|
|
0.19
|
|
22R,17α(H),21β(H)- Trishomohopane
|
0.04
|
0.06
|
0.08
|
0.03
|
0.04
|
|
0.12
|
|
Sum Hopanes & Steranes
|
1.97
|
3.46
|
4.26
|
1.40
|
1.71
|
0.66
|
6.10
|
1.16
|
Table A8b: PM2.5 concentrations in ng m-3 of individual POC in 8 samples collected at OLC, representing background conditions, and potential influences from flaming and smoldering PB sources in February and March 2003.
Start (EST)
|
2/1/03 0:00
|
2/5/03 12:00
|
2/5/03 17:00
|
2/5/03 22:00
|
2/6/03 3:00
|
2/6/03 8:00
|
3/10/03 17:00
|
3/24/03 12:00
|
Stop (EST)
|
2/1/03 12:00
|
2/5/03 17:00
|
2/5/03 22:00
|
2/6/03 3:00
|
2/6/03 8:00
|
2/6/03 13:00
|
3/10/03 22:00
|
3/25/03 12:00
|
Duration (h)
|
12
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
5
|
24
|
PB Impact
|
BKG
|
FLAM1
|
FLAM2
|
SMOL1
|
SMOL2
|
SMOL3
|
FLAM
|
FL&SM
|
Compounds
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fluoranthene
|
0.04
|
0.24
|
0.28
|
0.23
|
0.17
|
0.08
|
0.04
|
0.04
|
Acephenanthrylene
|
0.01
|
0.02
|
0.06
|
0.06
|
0.05
|
0.02
|
0.00
|
0.03
|
Pyrene
|
0.05
|
0.21
|
0.26
|
0.24
|
0.16
|
0.07
|
0.06
|
0.05
|
Retene
|
0.04
|
0.12
|
0.38
|
0.84
|
0.45
|
0.64
|
0.02
|
1.98
|
Methyl subst MW 202
|
0.04
|
0.13
|
0.22
|
0.36
|
0.25
|
0.12
|
0.03
|
0.33
|
Benzo(ghi)fluoranthene
|
0.03
|
0.08
|
0.15
|
0.16
|
0.11
|
0.05
|
0.02
|
0.12
|
Cyclopenta(cd)pyrene
|
0.34
|
0.52
|
1.52
|
1.97
|
1.28
|
0.47
|
0.08
|
0.74
|
Benz(a)anthracene
|
0.03
|
0.06
|
0.14
|
0.20
|
0.12
|
0.05
|
0.01
|
0.15
|
Chrysene/Triphenylene
|
0.06
|
0.17
|
0.29
|
0.37
|
0.26
|
0.11
|
0.03
|
0.24
|
Methyl subst MW 228
|
0.04
|
0.07
|
0.23
|
0.40
|
0.30
|
0.20
|
0.01
|
0.72
|
Methyl subst MW 226
|
0.05
|
0.03
|
0.09
|
0.18
|
0.13
|
0.05
|
0.03
|
2.39
|
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
|
0.09
|
0.10
|
0.19
|
0.26
|
0.24
|
0.12
|
0.02
|
0.28
|
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
|
0.06
|
0.07
|
0.17
|
0.26
|
0.19
|
0.10
|
0.02
|
0.27
|
Benzo(j)fluoranthene
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.05
|
0.07
|
0.05
|
0.02
|
0.00
|
0.07
|
Benzo(e)pyrene
|
0.08
|
0.09
|
0.18
|
0.28
|
0.22
|
0.11
|
0.02
|
0.27
|
Benzo(a)pyrene
|
0.05
|
0.07
|
0.16
|
0.26
|
0.17
|
0.06
|
0.01
|
0.20
|
Perylene
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.02
|
0.04
|
0.03
|
0.01
|
|
0.07
|
Indeno(cd)fluoranthene
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
0.08
|
0.11
|
0.08
|
0.04
|
0.09
|
0.13
|
Indeno(cd)pyrene
|
0.11
|
0.10
|
0.24
|
0.37
|
0.25
|
0.13
|
0.02
|
0.32
|
Benzo(ghi)perylene
|
0.15
|
0.11
|
0.31
|
0.46
|
0.35
|
0.14
|
0.02
|
0.27
|
Coronene
|
0.15
|
0.09
|
0.28
|
0.39
|
0.28
|
0.14
|
0.04
|
0.24
|
Sum of PAHs
|
1.47
|
2.33
|
5.31
|
7.51
|
5.13
|
2.75
|
0.57
|
8.91
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,15-pimaredienoic acid
|
|
|
|
0.49
|
0.50
|
0.30
|
0.26
|
4.39
|
Pimaric acid
|
0.22
|
0.13
|
0.72
|
1.79
|
1.89
|
1.42
|
0.03
|
3.33
|
Sandaracopimaric acid
|
|
0.07
|
0.27
|
0.60
|
0.54
|
0.43
|
0.06
|
18.42
|
Isopimaric acid
|
|
|
0.86
|
2.11
|
1.79
|
1.64
|
0.32
|
10.74
|
Dehydroabietic acid
|
8.12
|
3.53
|
13.24
|
28.36
|
28.12
|
29.76
|
3.28
|
372.86
|
Abietic acid
|
0.20
|
0.13
|
1.13
|
3.43
|
2.36
|
0.83
|
0.02
|
3.34
|
Abieta-6,8,11,13,15- pentae-18-oic acid
|
1.25
|
0.12
|
0.28
|
0.40
|
0.31
|
0.32
|
0.01
|
1.17
|
Abieta-8,11,13,15- tetraen-18-oic acid
|
0.52
|
0.13
|
0.74
|
1.12
|
0.78
|
0.83
|
0.02
|
3.89
|
7-Oxodehydroabietic acid
|
6.51
|
0.69
|
3.21
|
3.94
|
4.61
|
7.11
|
0.20
|
42.42
|
Sum of Resin acids
|
16.82
|
4.81
|
20.44
|
42.24
|
40.88
|
42.64
|
4.20
|
460.54
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid
|
0.81
|
1.67
|
1.27
|
1.35
|
1.28
|
1.63
|
0.22
|
2.12
|
1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic acid
|
0.28
|
1.08
|
0.41
|
1.09
|
2.17
|
0.48
|
0.18
|
1.31
|
1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid
|
0.15
|
0.13
|
0.19
|
0.22
|
0.25
|
0.17
|
0.15
|
0.19
|
Sum Aromatic diacids
|
1.24
|
2.87
|
1.87
|
2.66
|
3.70
|
2.29
|
0.55
|
3.62
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Benz(de)anthracen- 7-one
|
0.21
|
0.28
|
0.69
|
1.04
|
0.85
|
0.33
|
0.24
|
3.63
|
Cholesterol
|
|
|
|
0.58
|
|
0.06
|
0.24
|
2.94
|
Levoglucosan
|
205.0
|
94.3
|
440.6
|
472.5
|
384.0
|
512.0
|
19.8
|
689.4
|
Table A8c: PM2.5 concentrations in ng m-3 of individual POC in 8 samples collected at OLC, representing background conditions, and potential influences from flaming and smoldering PB sources in April and May 2003.
Start (EST)
|
4/14/03 21:00
|
4/15/03 21:00
|
4/16/03 12:00
|
4/16/03 21:00
|
4/17/03 12:00
|
4/28/03 12:00
|
4/29/03 12:00
|
4/29/03 21:00
|
4/30/03 12:00
|
Stop (EST)
|
4/15/03 12:00
|
4/16/03 9:00
|
4/16/03 21:00
|
4/17/03 6:00
|
4/18/03 12:00
|
4/29/03 12:00
|
4/29/03 21:00
|
4/30/03 6:00
|
5/1/03 12:00
|
Duration (h)
|
15
|
12
|
9
|
9
|
24
|
24
|
9
|
9
|
24
|
PB Impact
|
SMOL
|
SMOL1
|
FLAM2
|
SMOL2
|
FL&SM
|
FL&SM
|
FLAM1
|
SMOL1
|
BKG
|
Compounds
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
n-Heptadecane
|
|
|
0.61
|
0.03
|
|
|
|
|
|
n-Octadecane
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
n-Nonadecane
|
|
|
0.02
|
3.88
|
|
|
0.11
|
|
|
n-Eicosane
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.21
|
|
|
n-Heneicosane
|
|
|
0.43
|
0.09
|
|
0.04
|
0.30
|
|
0.05
|
n-Docosane
|
0.60
|
0.17
|
0.89
|
0.59
|
0.05
|
0.07
|
0.42
|
0.25
|
0.11
|
n-Tricosane
|
3.14
|
0.76
|
2.55
|
1.53
|
0.22
|
0.36
|
1.06
|
0.88
|
0.33
|
n-Tetracosane
|
3.95
|
0.44
|
1.14
|
0.56
|
0.20
|
0.62
|
0.64
|
0.55
|
0.23
|
n-Pentacosane
|
3.83
|
0.71
|
1.79
|
0.66
|
0.44
|
0.90
|
1.05
|
0.77
|
0.30
|
n-Hexacosane
|
2.28
|
0.30
|
0.53
|
0.22
|
0.19
|
0.68
|
0.55
|
0.38
|
0.20
|
n-Heptacosane
|
2.78
|
0.88
|
1.50
|
0.68
|
0.59
|
0.67
|
1.07
|
0.87
|
0.61
|
n-Octacosane
|
1.28
|
0.32
|
0.43
|
0.27
|
0.18
|
0.29
|
0.38
|
0.31
|
0.18
|
n-Nonacosane
|
4.19
|
1.67
|
3.38
|
1.30
|
1.17
|
0.95
|
1.52
|
1.19
|
1.37
|
n-Triacontane
|
0.74
|
0.27
|
0.26
|
0.12
|
0.13
|
0.17
|
0.30
|
0.28
|
0.13
|
n-Hentriacontane
|
4.08
|
1.37
|
3.10
|
1.06
|
1.12
|
0.91
|
1.55
|
1.18
|
0.90
|
n-Dotriacontane
|
|
|
|
|
0.15
|
0.16
|
0.56
|
0.60
|
|
n-Tritriacontane
|
1.79
|
0.62
|
2.48
|
0.38
|
0.74
|
0.49
|
1.08
|
0.59
|
0.58
|
n-Tetratriacontane
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.61
|
1.00
|
0.42
|
n-Pentatriacontane
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.82
|
|
|
n-Hexatriacontane
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.94
|
0.76
|
0.43
|
Sum of odd n-Alkanes
|
19.82
|
6.02
|
15.86
|
9.62
|
4.29
|
4.32
|
8.57
|
5.48
|
4.12
|
Sum of even n-Alkanes
|
8.85
|
1.49
|
3.25
|
1.76
|
0.90
|
1.99
|
5.61
|
4.12
|
1.69
|
CPI (odd/even)
|
2.24
|
4.02
|
4.89
|
5.48
|
4.77
|
2.17
|
1.53
|
1.33
|
2.43
|
Sum of n-Alkanes
|
28.66
|
7.51
|
19.11
|
11.37
|
5.19
|
6.31
|
14.19
|
9.60
|
5.81
|
Tetradecanoic acid
|
1.00
|
1.18
|
4.11
|
2.26
|
1.12
|
0.09
|
4.01
|
1.16
|
0.08
|
Pentadecanoic acid
|
0.17
|
0.15
|
0.24
|
0.16
|
0.09
|
0.05
|
0.28
|
0.11
|
0.06
|
Hexadecanoic acid
|
5.14
|
7.58
|
30.53
|
19.13
|
13.94
|
8.48
|
14.99
|
9.93
|
7.42
|
Heptadecanoic acid
|
0.21
|
0.12
|
0.78
|
0.32
|
0.47
|
0.46
|
0.67
|
0.37
|
0.27
|
Octadecanoic acid
|
1.27
|
|
2.13
|
0.83
|
2.01
|
1.35
|
3.30
|
2.02
|
1.35
|
Nonadecanoic acid
|
0.22
|
0.15
|
0.14
|
0.10
|
0.08
|
0.09
|
0.11
|
0.11
|
0.06
|
Eicosanoic acid
|
1.23
|
0.68
|
0.47
|
0.44
|
0.31
|
0.23
|
0.39
|
0.53
|
0.27
|
Heneicosanoic acid
|
0.57
|
0.31
|
0.11
|
0.18
|
0.10
|
0.07
|
0.12
|
0.18
|
0.07
|
Docosanoic acid
|
2.31
|
1.43
|
0.64
|
0.85
|
0.54
|
0.34
|
0.70
|
1.02
|
0.43
|
Tricosanoic acid
|
1.76
|
0.96
|
0.38
|
0.56
|
0.31
|
0.13
|
0.36
|
0.50
|
0.19
|
Tetracosanoic acid
|
5.18
|
3.60
|
1.55
|
1.96
|
1.26
|
0.60
|
1.63
|
3.84
|
1.09
|
Pentacosanoic acid
|
0.97
|
0.43
|
0.26
|
0.28
|
0.17
|
0.07
|
0.18
|
0.23
|
0.12
|
Hexacosanoic acid
|
3.42
|
1.70
|
1.02
|
1.15
|
0.77
|
0.28
|
1.01
|
1.75
|
0.64
|
Heptacosanoic acid
|
0.84
|
0.23
|
0.25
|
0.16
|
0.13
|
0.05
|
0.15
|
0.11
|
0.07
|
Octacosanoic acid
|
3.89
|
1.04
|
0.93
|
0.80
|
0.60
|
0.24
|
0.75
|
0.46
|
0.41
|
Nonacosanoic acid
|
0.57
|
0.17
|
0.16
|
0.13
|
0.08
|
0.05
|
0.14
|
|
0.06
|
Triacontanoic acid
|
3.53
|
0.97
|
0.66
|
0.63
|
0.45
|
0.23
|
0.88
|
0.31
|
0.30
|
Sum n-Alkanoic acids
|
32.29
|
20.70
|
44.36
|
29.94
|
22.43
|
12.81
|
29.66
|
22.64
|
12.89
|
17α(H)-21β(H)-29-Norhopane
|
0.35
|
0.19
|
0.75
|
0.19
|
0.30
|
0.33
|
0.95
|
0.36
|
0.23
|
17α(H)-21β(H)-Hopane
|
0.39
|
0.12
|
0.52
|
0.17
|
0.23
|
0.35
|
0.91
|
0.37
|
0.29
|
22,29,30-Trisnorneohopane
|
0.26
|
0.20
|
0.45
|
0.18
|
0.10
|
0.12
|
0.42
|
0.23
|
0.14
|
22,29,30-Trisnorhopane
|
0.27
|
0.19
|
0.54
|
0.15
|
0.11
|
0.13
|
0.34
|
0.22
|
0.09
|
20S,R-5α(H),14β(H),17β(H)- Cholestane
|
0.16
|
0.13
|
0.33
|
0.09
|
0.10
|
0.04
|
0.08
|
|
|
20R-5α(H),14α(H),17α(H)- Cholestane
|
0.11
|
|
0.25
|
|
0.09
|
0.10
|
0.24
|
0.09
|
0.08
|
20S,R-5α(H),14β(H),17β(H)- Ergostane
|
0.10
|
|
0.12
|
|
|
|
0.16
|
|
|
20S,R-5α(H),14β(H),17β(H)- Sitostane
|
0.14
|
|
0.21
|
|
0.08
|
0.12
|
0.27
|
0.13
|
0.11
|
22S,17α(H),21β(H)- Homohopane
|
0.14
|
|
0.14
|
|
0.06
|
0.11
|
0.19
|
0.11
|
0.08
|
22R,17α(H),21β(H)- Homohopane
|
0.16
|
|
0.14
|
|
0.05
|
0.10
|
0.18
|
0.15
|
0.10
|
22S,17α(H),21β(H)- Bishomohopane
|
0.10
|
|
|
|
0.04
|
0.06
|
0.09
|
0.08
|
0.04
|
22R,17α(H),21β(H)- Bishomohopane
|
|
|
|
|
0.03
|
0.04
|
0.11
|
|
|
22S,17α(H),21β(H)- Trishomohopane
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.03
|
0.07
|
|
|
22R,17α(H),21β(H)- Trishomohopane
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.02
|
0.05
|
|
|
Sum Hopanes & Steranes
|
2.19
|
0.84
|
3.46
|
0.78
|
1.19
|
1.56
|
4.05
|
1.74
|
1.16
|
Table A8d: PM2.5 concentrations in ng m-3 of individual POC in 8 samples collected at OLC, representing background conditions, and potential influences from flaming and smoldering PB sources in April and May 2003.
Start (EST)
|
4/14/03 21:00
|
4/15/03 21:00
|
4/16/03 12:00
|
4/16/03 21:00
|
4/17/03 12:00
|
4/28/03 12:00
|
4/29/03 12:00
|
4/29/03 21:00
|
4/30/03 12:00
|
Stop (EST)
|
4/15/03 12:00
|
4/16/03 9:00
|
4/16/03 21:00
|
4/17/03 6:00
|
4/18/03 12:00
|
4/29/03 12:00
|
4/29/03 21:00
|
4/30/03 6:00
|
5/1/03 12:00
|
Duration (h)
|
15
|
12
|
9
|
9
|
24
|
24
|
9
|
9
|
24
|
PB Impact
|
SMOL
|
SMOL1
|
FLAM2
|
SMOL2
|
FL&SM
|
FL&SM
|
FLAM1
|
SMOL1
|
BKG
|
Compounds
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fluoranthene
|
0.05
|
0.02
|
0.05
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.01
|
0.02
|
0.03
|
0.01
|
Acephenanthrylene
|
0.01
|
|
|
0.01
|
0.00
|
|
|
|
|
Pyrene
|
0.09
|
0.02
|
0.10
|
0.03
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
0.02
|
Retene
|
0.04
|
0.03
|
0.02
|
0.03
|
0.01
|
|
0.02
|
0.07
|
|
Methyl subst MW 202
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Benzo(ghi)fluoranthene
|
0.04
|
0.01
|
0.03
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.01
|
Cyclopenta(cd)pyrene
|
0.54
|
-
|
-
|
0.10
|
0.07
|
0.08
|
0.05
|
0.20
|
0.02
|
Benz(a)anthracene
|
0.05
|
0.02
|
|
0.04
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.02
|
0.01
|
Chrysene/Triphenylene
|
0.06
|
0.03
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.01
|
0.02
|
0.03
|
0.01
|
Methyl subst MW 228
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.02
|
0.01
|
-
|
0.03
|
-
|
Methyl subst MW 226
|
0.12
|
0.12
|
-
|
-
|
0.03
|
0.01
|
0.04
|
0.39
|
0.02
|
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
|
0.14
|
0.05
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.03
|
0.03
|
0.01
|
0.04
|
0.01
|
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
|
0.13
|
0.03
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.03
|
0.02
|
0.01
|
0.03
|
0.01
|
Benzo(j)fluoranthene
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.01
|
|
Benzo(e)pyrene
|
0.19
|
0.06
|
0.04
|
0.01
|
0.04
|
0.03
|
0.01
|
0.05
|
0.01
|
Benzo(a)pyrene
|
0.09
|
0.02
|
0.01
|
-
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
|
0.02
|
0.00
|
Perylene
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.01
|
-
|
0.01
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
Indeno(cd)fluoranthene
|
0.09
|
0.04
|
-
|
-
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.05
|
0.01
|
Indeno(cd)pyrene
|
0.22
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.03
|
0.04
|
0.02
|
0.07
|
|
Benzo(ghi)perylene
|
0.39
|
0.10
|
0.08
|
|
0.03
|
0.07
|
0.03
|
0.09
|
0.03
|
Coronene
|
0.35
|
0.08
|
|
|
0.04
|
0.11
|
0.04
|
0.06
|
0.03
|
Sum of PAHs
|
2.64
|
0.66
|
0.38
|
0.29
|
0.44
|
0.49
|
0.34
|
1.25
|
0.20
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,15-pimaredienoic acid
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.26
|
1.30
|
|
Pimaric acid
|
0.17
|
0.16
|
-
|
0.15
|
0.05
|
-
|
0.05
|
0.43
|
|
Sandaracopimaric acid
|
0.49
|
0.37
|
-
|
0.21
|
0.07
|
-
|
0.14
|
1.61
|
0.06
|
Isopimaric acid
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.27
|
1.58
|
0.18
|
Dehydroabietic acid
|
14.42
|
10.14
|
1.84
|
6.26
|
3.08
|
0.99
|
3.36
|
43.0
|
1.87
|
Abietic acid
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.09
|
0.08
|
|
Abieta-6,8,11,13,15- pentae-18-oic acid
|
0.10
|
0.08
|
-
|
-
|
0.04
|
0.05
|
0.04
|
0.10
|
0.02
|
Abieta-8,11,13,15- tetraen-18-oic acid
|
0.14
|
0.10
|
-
|
0.06
|
0.03
|
0.04
|
0.09
|
0.25
|
0.02
|
7-Oxodehydroabietic acid
|
5.51
|
4.93
|
0.62
|
3.06
|
1.69
|
0.65
|
1.15
|
8.26
|
0.96
|
Sum of Resin acids
|
20.84
|
15.79
|
2.46
|
9.73
|
4.95
|
1.73
|
5.45
|
56.59
|
3.11
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid
|
1.85
|
2.17
|
2.19
|
2.42
|
2.17
|
2.05
|
1.69
|
1.52
|
1.27
|
1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic acid
|
1.71
|
1.22
|
0.44
|
0.47
|
0.37
|
0.63
|
0.93
|
0.26
|
0.12
|
1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid
|
0.19
|
0.13
|
0.12
|
0.09
|
0.08
|
0.12
|
0.24
|
0.07
|
0.05
|
Sum Aromatic diacids
|
3.75
|
3.51
|
2.75
|
2.99
|
2.62
|
2.80
|
2.86
|
1.85
|
1.44
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Benz(de)anthracen- 7-one
|
1.34
|
0.57
|
|
|
0.25
|
0.27
|
0.27
|
|
|
Cholesterol
|
1.91
|
1.92
|
2.27
|
1.71
|
0.73
|
|
0.35
|
|
|
Levoglucosan
|
106.2
|
114.9
|
49.6
|
66.7
|
33.7
|
25.0
|
98.0
|
115.4
|
27.0
|
10 PUBLICATIONS
10.1 Presentations at Conferences and Workshops
Direct (Primary) and Indirect (Secondary) Emissions from Biomass and Prescribed Burning, Air Quality and Public Health Workshop, Georgia Tech, Atlanta, GA, January 22, 2004.
Air Quality Impacts from Prescribed Burning, Abstracts of the 22ndAnnual Conference of the American Association for Aerosol Research, Anaheim, CA, October 20-24, 2003.
Minimizing Air Quality Impacts from Prescribed Burning, Region 4 Environmental Conference, US DOD and EPA, Atlanta, GA, June 24-26, 2003.
Air Quality Impacts from Prescribed Burning, Abstracts of the Real World Clean Air Symposium, US Army and EPA, Seattle, WA, May 19-22, 2003.
Local Air Quality Impacts from Prescribed Burning on Fort Benning, FAQS Stakeholder Meeting, Commerce Center, Columbus, GA, April 29, 2003.
Study of Air Quality Impacts Resulting from Prescribed Burning on Military Facilities, US DOD/EPA Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) Ecosystem Management Project (SEMP) Annual Research Coordination Meeting, Columbus, GA October 2002.
Study of Air Quality Impacts Resulting from Prescribed Burning on Military Facilities, Coordinating Meeting for the collaboration of all participating parties and groups, Fort Benning, Columbus, GA, August 2002.
Study of Air Quality Impacts Resulting from Prescribed Burning on Military Facilities, US DOD/EPA Region 4 Pollution Prevention Partnership Organizational Planning Meeting, Atlanta, GA, August 2002.
10.2 Abstracts for Conference Proceedings
The 22ndAnnual Conference of the American Association for Aerosol Research (AAAR), Anaheim, CA, October 20-24, 2003.
“Air Quality Impacts from Prescribed Burning”
K. Baumann1, S. Lee2, M. Zheng1, V. Dookwah1, Fu Wang1, M. Chang1, and A. Russell2
1 Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences
2 Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Civil & Environmental Engineering
Guided by the Endangered Species Act (ESA), the DOI through the Fish and Wildlife Service mandates that most army and air force bases in the South-Eastern US use prescribed burning to maintain the health of its native long leaf pine forest and thus protecting the habitat of the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker. Other installations across the Nation utilize prescribed burning to control invasive plants, which would otherwise endanger the habitat of other creatures. Proper management may require as much as 1/3 of the forest to undergo treatment by fire each year. Releasing primary and secondary gas- and particle-phase pollutants, biomass burning however, can contribute significantly to already burdened local and regional air pollutant loads, challenging the air quality standards mandated by the EPA and the Clean Air Act (CAA).
Observations made at a research monitoring station, established near Fort Benning, Georgia at the Oxbow Meadows Environmental Learning Center (OLC) as part of the Fall-line Air Quality Study (FAQS), indicate that the 24 h NAAQS for PM2.5 of 65 μg m-3 was exceeded on 5 different days, with a maximum average 448 μg m-3 on Nov 17, 2001. The conditions leading to these locally confined exceedances are examined and presented.
A sampling strategy has been developed to include the measurement of gas- and particle-phase tracers, indicative of biomass burning emissions, both at the source and the OLC site. The sampling is conducted in close collaboration with personnel from Fort Benning’s EMD and LMB, who also provide valuable information on the type and amount of fuel burned. One of the preliminary findings is that the organics fraction of PM2.5 mass increased significantly after the conduct of a burn in early February 2003, i.e. from 37 ±14 % a week before to 53 ±11 % during and after the burn. The individual organic compounds are further quantified by GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) analyses of samples collected simultaneously at OLC, allowing the apportionment of various anthropogenic and biogenic sources contributing to the total ambient PM2.5 load. With the sampling of more plumes, more information will be gained to begin the development of an effective strategy, providing the ecological benefits afforded by prescribed burning without compromising an area’s ability to meet clean air goals.
Region 4 Environmental Conferenc
June 24-26, 2003
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