118its concentration
maybe also requested, in which case the estimated uncertainty should also be given Measurement uncertainty can be
estimated in a number of ways, e.g.:
(a) by preparing an uncertainty budget for each uncertainty component identifi ed in an analytical procedure (bottom-up approach);
(b) from validation data and control charts (
29); and
(c) from the data obtained from pro ciency tests or collaborative trials (top-down approach).
Note: Further guidance can be found in various guidelines (
9,
10,
30,
31, 32).
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