A fp7 Project: Management and Monitoring of Deep-sea Fisheries and Stocks wp2 – Template for Case Study Reports Case study 2 demersal deep-water mixed fishery Pascal Lorance, Ifremer, Nantes (coord.)
Historical development of the fisheries, including catches and fleets
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- 07.11.2009 22h13 Historical development and current activity of each fleet French trawl fishery
- Spanish freezer trawler fleet
- Can these gaps be addressed by regular monitoring If so, how
- Does the earliest data available correspond to the start of exploitation of the stock. If not please describe. If earlier data exist please list where these can be found.
- If discard data are not available please indicate by fleet ID if, in your opinion, discards are likely to be significant
- If mis-reporting or under-reporting is/has been a problem please indicate years in table below
Historical development of the fisheries, including catches and fleets.Background informationFleet identity[Please provide the following information on the fleets that are prosecuting/have prosecuted your stock: if possible please use table below or a separate spreadsheet/data table/database if too large. For EU fleets, please match DCF and/or ICES/InterCatch metiers, using additional sub-categories if necessary.]
07.11.2009 22h13Historical development and current activity of each fleetFrench trawl fisheryFrench trawlers began to land increasing amounts of roundnose grenadier, black scabbard fish and deep-water sharks from the west of Scotland in 1987 (Charuau et al. 1995). Landings of these species have been reported separately in French landings statistics since 1989 (Lorance and Dupouy 2001). Effort directed at deep water species increased from 1989 to 1996 (Lorance and Dupouy 2001). In 1995 an effort regulation was introduced but was not a constraint to this fleet. TACs and a new effort regulation was introduced in 2003 (see section 6) and the fishery has reduced. Part of the fishing time of the licensed fleet is expended on the shelf mainly in the Celtic Sea. Time series of fishing effort are available based upon logbook data (1987-2009) and VMS (2003-2009).
French gillnet fisheryThis is a less clear picture. Deep water gillnetting has been regulated following observation of high discarding rates, bad fishing procedures and loss of fishing gears inducing ghost fishing (Hareide et al. 2005; Large et al. 2009). Deep water gill netting for hake and monkfish developed in France [assess landings from log book data and distribution from VMS] and these imply a by-catch of deep water species. Over recent years deep water gillnetting has been regulated by rule included in the annual TAC regulation (see section 6). Spanish freezer trawler fleetData from this fleet have been insufficient. Deep water red crab UK fleetOther UK fleetsIrish fleetTime-series of fleet, effort and landings dataICES WGDEEP compiles the best estimates of landings for the assessed species. Neverthless, poor track is kept of data used and corrections made. This is exemplified with blue ling data. Blue ling landingreported to ICESs from 1973 to 2008 were extracted using ICES data centre (http://www.ices.dk/fish/statlant.asp). The extraction included landings of all countries in ICES divisions Vb and VIIb,c and sub-areas VI and XII were extracted. These data are offcicial landings by country. The restriction of landings in Subarea VII to Divisions VIIb,c was madebecause further south most of the catch reported as blue ling might be the closely related Spanish ling(Molva macrophthalma). Sub-area VII is anyway a minor component of blue ling landings, irrespective of assumptions about the species identity. Based upon these data, blue ling landings were high in ICES Divisions Vb in the 1970s and 1980s. In the 1990s, landings from Subarea VI became dominant. Significant landings were also reported from Subarea XII, where landings peaked at close to 3000 t in 2001. From the early 1970s to the early 1980s, the main fishing countries were Faeroe Islands, France, Germany and Norway. Landings from Germany decreased in the 1980s, and landings from Norway stabilised at a few hundred tonnes. In the 1990s, landings fromUK and Spain increased. The contribution of other countries to blue ling landings was always minor (Figure 2.1.2x1). 
Figure 2.1.2x1. Time-series of blue ling landings in ICES divisions Vb and Subareas VI and VII, by country according to ICES landings statistics. Based upon the same ICES landings statictics, cumulated blue ling landings from 1973 to 2008 in the ICES Divisions Vb and VIIb,c and SUbareas VI and XII amount to slightly more than 400,000 t. data from ICES WGDEEP are the same as ICES official
Figure 2.1.2x2. Time-series of blue ling landings by ICES Subarea and Division from ICES WGDEEP (left), ICES landings statistics (centre) and Eurostat (right). The time-series of landings used by ICES WGDEEP shows higher landings levels in the 1970s. From the1980s, landings from the 3 times series are similar. Complete knowledge of landings levels in early years is important to properly estimate reference points for the stock. Unfortunately, the strong year-to-year variations up to the mid-1980s suggest that landings were poorly reported. Higher landings levels in ICES WGDEEP data compared to the two other time-series results from accounting for French landings reported as lings (e.i. Molva molva and Molva Dypterygia)in French official landings that could clearly be ascribed to the early years of the French directed blue ling fishery based upon Moguedet (1988) and data previously reported to ICES North-Western working group (ICES 1989,1990,1991). Further data mining was carried out in DEEPFISHMAN. Landings from French freezer trawlers, have not been treated together with landings from fresh fish vessels by the French administration. Then, they are not all available in the database held by Ifremer. Quantities of filleted blue ling landed in 1988-2000 by freezer trawlers were retrieved from Producers organisation files. The amount landed varied from a few to 2,500 t per year (Table 2.1.2.x) Table 2.1.2.x. Landings of blue ling from French Freezer trawlers, 1988-2000.
Amount landed in 1988-89 were already included in ICES WGDEEP data, as they were reported to the North-Western working group. Using vessel identity, it was checked that landings from 1999 and 2000 were already in the Ifremer database used to provide French ICES landings while, there was no landings from freezer trawler in the database for years 1986-1998. These landings should therefore be taken into account for stock assessment purposes. As these data are from Producer Organisation sales records, they are not available by ICES Subarea. Nevertheless, the bulk of these landing come from ICES Division Vb and Subarea VI were freezer trawlers were operating at the time, with a possibly minor contribution from XIIb. These landings represent an addition cumulated catch of 8,800 tonnes of blue ling. These data are included in DEEPFISHMAN landings data. Gaps in fleet data[What are the main gaps in knowledge regarding the fleets fishing your stock? Please prioritise. ] Overall the knowledge of the fleet activity at sea is not bad. Distribution of catch and effort at the resolution of ICES rectangle has been available For France, Ireland and UK (ICES 2006,2007b). The French fleet is known based upon the licensing scheme since 2003. Before this time, catch composition was used to identify which vessels where fishing in the deep water. Therefore, composition of the fleet, number of vessels can be considered available since the early 1980s. At that time, French trawlers operating to the west of Scotland and on the Faeroese shelf were fishing for saithe (Pollachius virens), blue ling (Molva dypterygia) and redfish (Sebastes mentella). VMS data was not available in the past. Due to commitment in the Data Collection Framework (Commission decision of 6 November 2008 adopting a multiannual Community programme pursuant to Council Regulation (EC) No 199/2008 establishing a Community framework for the collection, management and use of data in the fisheries sector and support for scientific advice regarding the common fisheries policy) the French administration has provided data from 2003 (first year of the deep water licensing scheme). For other fleets, contacts are being made with FRS and NEAFC for international data for all available years.
Can these gaps be addressed by regular monitoring? If so, how?Please complete the table below on the extent of time-series data of landings and discards data:-
stands for French Bottom Trawl deep-water species, I think this is intercatch ID, has to be checked 2: Some discard data from 1996-97 may also be available (to be checked) and some data from Scotttish observers have been collected (availability to the project unknown) in the early 2000s. Does the earliest data available correspond to the start of exploitation of the stock. If not please describe. If earlier data exist please list where these can be found.Blue ling have been exploited since 1973 by the French fleet. There are anectodal reports that the blue ling fishery made some discarded bycatch of roundnose grenadier, black scabbardfish and deep water sharks in the 1970s and 1980s, but there are not data on the amount of these bycatch. Discards from tows targeting blue ling in recent years might not be appropriate to assess past levels of discards owing to changes in fishing strategy and abundance of deep water population. Nevertheless, up to the late 1980s, fishing was targeting blue ling aggregations (mostly spawning aggregations but some fishing throughout the year occurred) were discards levels might have been small. In the late 1980s, the fishery moved to deeper water to target roundnose grenadier, black scabbardfish and deepsea sharks. Time series of reported landings back to 1984 and 1972 for some ports will be available in early 2010 and can be used to assess possible amount of deep-water species landed and reported as miscellaneous species in the late 1980s. Roundnose grenadier and black scabbardfish have been reported in French landings since 1989. Some landings may have occurred in 1987 and 1988. These are to be assessed (as case study work) from landings statistics where such landings, if they have occurred, might have been reported as "miscellaneous fish". The same approach can be apply to deep water sharks that have been reported separately since 1991 and might appear as "miscellaneous sharks” in previous years if they were landed. Nevertheless, there was a strong increase in landings of deep water species in 1989, whether some landings occurred in years 1987 and 1988 needs revisiting but landings before 1989 are small compared to landings in the 1990s. Rather for blue ling case study: The completeness of landings files before 1985 needs to be checked, some years may be incomplete. If discard data are not available please indicate by fleet ID if, in your opinion, discards are likely to be significantDiscards data re available for French fleets
If mis-reporting or under-reporting is/has been a problem please indicate years in table below:
Misreporting or under reporting is not known to have been a problem in the French trawling fleet. Concerns have been repeatedly expressed that misreporting could occur in international waters (NEAFC regulatory area). There are also been regular complains from the French Industry that IUU fish was landed in France and was pulling the prices down. This seems to have disappear in recent years. Misreporting is not an issue that scientists have the power to inquire and this should stay in hand on management and regulation authorities to monitor misreporting. No quantitative data on misreporting is available.
Gear selectivity[Please document available information on gear selectivity by fleet ID.] Deepwater trawling is not considered to be selective, nevertheless length distribution of the catch (based upon observer's data) are truncated compared to length distribution of the catch from scientific survey (with small mesh in the codend). No significant quantitative data available. Are there any aspects of data (quality, temporal and spatial extent, time series, availability, accessibility, flow) that [a] impact on assessments and/or [b] affect your ability to provide timely fisheries advice to managers?A full knowledge of all fishing activities that have landed or discarded the studied deep-water stocks would eb extremely usefull to estimated total cumulated catch over time, changes in catch rates and other aspects. For deep-water species a good knowledge of times series of catch would be an help to the definition of reference points including MSY (MacCall 2009). Unfortunately, time-series of catch supported by stocks are poorly known. There are discrepancies between time-series of landings depending of the data source used (see 2.1.2). Misreporting surely impact on assessment and quality of advice. Directory: lib -> exe exe -> Homework Problem Set 3 Solution I. Reading Assignment exe -> System Modeling Assessment & Roadmap wg exe -> Artemis-2011-1 decision and platform support for model‐based eVolutionary development of Embedded systems Date of preparation exe -> Date: January December 2011 Java 5 Language psm for dds (dds-java) exe -> Notes on bcd by N. Toge (Jan. 5, 2005) Instrumentation and Control General exe -> Case Study 3 Report – Black scabbardfish in ixa exe -> 1 Beneficiaries (Partner Description) exe -> Pre-requisites exe -> Suggested (Sample) Research Project Topics (Fall 2010) Download 3.16 Mb. Share with your friends:
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