Abstract 1 1 Introduction 2
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PAD, PAD++
 
Reference: Perlin, K. and Fox, D., Pad - An Alternative Approach to the Computer Interface. ACM SIGGRAPH '93. Bederson, B.B. and Hollan, J.D., Pad++: A Zooming Graphical Interface for Exploring Alternate Interface Physics. ACM UIST '94, 1994 URL: http://www.mrl.nyu.edu/ Pad and Pad++ were developed as examples of a visualization paradigm -- an alternative to window/icon paradigm. Pad universe is a 2D infinite space with an infinite resolution sketchpad, called Pad Surface. Objects in Pad universe occupy well-defined regions in Pad Surface. Objects are viewed through portals. The screen is the root portal. A portal view may be zoomed, providing a different scale. Traveling in Pad space is done by zooming and panning. Unlike 3D, pad does not allow changing the direction of the view point. Zooming in shows larger objects in more detail, or at a different detail (semantic zooming). For example, a text object in a Pad surface may appear as a small line at the top level. Zooming will show readable text. At a yet higher scale, text appears as partial characters. In semantic zooming, text may be shown as title, title and abstract, or full text, when the scale changes. Based on the Pad paradigm, the core of the Pad system is implemented in X-window and MS Dos. Pad++ is implemented as Tcl/Tk widgets. Sample applications of Pad and Pad++ include hypertext viewer, directory browser, and time-line of papers. Rainbows
Reference: Beth Hetzler and Nancy Miller. Four Critical Elements for Designing Information Exploration Systems. Presented at SIGCHI '98 workshop on Innovation and Evaluation in Information Exploration Interfaces. April 1998, Los Angeles. Beth Hetzler, W. Michelle Harris, Susan Havre, and Paul Whitney. Visualizing the Full Spectrum of Document Relationships. Structures and Relations in Knowledge Organization. Proc. 5th Int. ISKO Conf. ERGON Verlag, 1998, pp. 168-175. URL: http://multimedia.pnl.gov:2080/infoviz/technologies.html Rainbows is a prototype visualization tool that allows the user to represent multiple kinds of relationships among entities. Entities are shown as dots in a 2D plane with position determined by some clustering technique. Arcs are used to represent the relations between entities. Arcs can be color coded. Type of curvature, i.e. above or below a plane, can be used as encoding to relational data. SeeSoft™
Reference: Stephen G. Eick, Joseph L. Steffen, and Eric E. Sumner Jr. SeeSoftTM --a tool for visualizing line oriented software statistics. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 18(11):957-968, November 1992 URL: www.bell-labs.com/org/11259/projects/seesoft.html
Reference: Lin, X., Visualization for the document space. Proceedings Visualization '92, October 19-23, 1992, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Lin, X., Soergel, D., and Marchionini, G., Self-organizing semantic map for information retrieval. SIGIR '91: Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual International ACM/SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, October 13-16, 1991, Chicago, Illinois, USA. URL: http://lislin.gws.uky.edu/Sitemap/Sitemap.html http://faculty.cis.drexel.edu/sitemap/index.html SiteMap uses a self-organize semantic map, a Kohonen feature map, for information retrieval. Given a set of documents, Web site, or a collection of links, a vector of documents is created based on statistical data and index words. The document vectors are used to train a neural network that creates a semantic map. After a map is created, documents are mapped into corresponding nodes. The map is divided into word areas. If two words map into the same area, the area will be labeled as “compound words.” SiteMap provides various interactive tools. For example, areas can be labeled with more/less detail; links can be selected through clicking or dragging; contents of any selected links can be shown in a separate window. Download 324.2 Kb. Share with your friends:
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