Abstract 1 1 Introduction 2
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Magic Lens™ 
 
Reference: Maureen C. Stone, Ken Fishkin, Eric A. Bier, The Movable Filter as a User Interface Tool. In Proceedings of CHI 94 (Boston, MA, April 24-28, 1994) ACM, New York, pp. 306-312 URL: http://www.parc.xerox.com/istl/projects/MagicLenses
Reference: Dean F. Jerding and John T. Stasko. The Information Mural: A technique for displaying and navigating large information spaces. Proceedings of the IEEE Visualization’95 Symposium on Information Visualization, pages 43-50, Atlanta, GA, October 1995 URL: http://www.cc.gatech.edu/gvu/softviz/infoviz/information_mural.html “The Information Mural is a two-dimensional, reduced representation of an entire information space that fits entirely within a display window or screen. The mural creates a miniature version of the information space using visual attributes such as grayscale shading, intensity, color, and pixel size, along with anti-aliased compression techniques. Information Murals can be used as stand-alone visualizations or in global navigational views.” (Jerding and Stasko, 1995) An Information Mural technique reduces an information space to fit into some limited space by mapping a higher resolution space into a lower resolution space using aliasing to maintain fidelity. Because multiple source pixels may be mapped to the same target pixel, the weight of target pixels is cumulative, when objects are mapping into the same pixel. The Information Mural is created by showing the mapped space using some encoding scheme to represent the accumulated value. In a grayscale mural, the gray level represents the value. A color scale may be used. If hue is used in the original presentation, intensity may be used to show accumulation in the mural. In a “raindrop” mural, the accumulated value is shown as a ``puddle'' centered around the pixel, so pixels with more value will appear larger. The Information Mural can be used to display the distribution of matched keywords in a set of retrieved documents. Each keyword used may be color encoded. Documents are mapped into small squares and keywords are rendered by color. Information Mural is a global view of an information space. Synchronized panning and zooming of Murals is typical. A box in the mural shows the area displayed in a detailed view, original size. Moving in the detailed view moves the box in the mural. Zooming decreases the size of the box. Moving the box in mural scrolls the detailed view. Resizing the box changes the scale of the detailed view. NoteCards 
Reference: Xerox Special Information Systems, NoteCard Release 1.2I Reference Manual, Nov 1985. Frank G. Halasz. Reflections on NoteCards: Seven Issues for the Next Generation of Hypermedia Systems. Communications of the ACM, 1988, vol 33. Conklin, J. “Hypertext: An introduction and Survey”, Computer, 20(9), September, 1987, 17-41. “NoteCards, developed by a team at Xerox PARC, was designed to support the task of transforming a chaotic collection of unrelated thoughts into an integrated, orderly interpretation of ideas and their interconnections” (Halasz, 1988). NoteCards is built around two primitive constructions, notecards and links. The three basic NoteCard types are text, sketch, and graph. Text NoteCards are formatted text. Graph NoteCards are text labeled nodes and straight line links between nodes, graphically presented. Sketch NoteCards are graphical cards that may contain label texts, boxes, lines, maps, and bitmaps. Specialized node types are easy to build through NoteCards’ system programming interface. Customized node types include video, animation and action. Links are used to connect two individual NoteCards. Links can be directional, source to destination. There are system specific links and user defined links. When a link is defined, the icon, as anchor, will appear in the source NoteCard. The destination is anchored as a whole. NoteCards and links are bounded by the scope of a NoteFile. A single NoteFile can be on open at a given time. Links cannot reference Notecards in another NoteFile. There are two special system defined NoteCards, FileBoxes and Browsers. A FileBox is a NoteCard with a strictly hierarchical link structure; all parents must be defined except for the root FileBox. At a top level, NoteFile has three system FileBoxes: “Table of contents,” “Orphans,” and “To be Filed.” When a NoteCard is created it will be placed in the “To be Filed” FileBox unless it is linked. Unlinked NoteCards will be placed in the “Orphans” FileBox, i.e. when the last link to that NoteCard is deleted. The FileBox contains other FileBoxes and/or NoteCards, using system links. A NoteCard may be in many FileBoxes. Browser is a system generated NoteCard which represents NoteCards and links in graphical form. It is a specialized graph NoteCard. NoteCards are shown as icons with a title. Links are shown as lines with different dash properties for each link type. Users specify a starting NoteCard(s) and specific type of link to follow. Users may edit nodes and line links. Graph format and orientation can be configured. In compact forest and fast forest format, virtual nodes are created when two or more links would be drawn to the same node. NoteCards and Links can be created and shown directly in a browser. Expanded node interaction allows the user to travel deeper into the structure of nodes, while the browser is limited to following links to some limited, user-specified depth. NoteCards system provides many mechanisms to get information from a NoteCards collection. “Search mechanisms” create NoteCards containing links to matched NoteCards. This is the result of string matching in the title and query. The “Link Index mechanism” builds a sorted list of NoteCards that matches link type query. “Documentation mechanism” collects the NoteCards into a single NoteCard. Download 324.2 Kb. Share with your friends:
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