Abstracting Periodicals
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Circulating LibraryCirculating Library: The establishment of circulating libraries by booksellers and publishers provided a means of gaining profit and of creating social centres within the community. The circulating libraries not only provided a place to sell books, but also a place to lend books for a price. These circulating libraries provided a variety of materials including the increasingly popular novels. Although the circulating libraries played an important role in society, members of the middle and upper classes often used to look down upon these libraries that regularly sold material from their collections and provided materials that were less sophisticated. Circulating libraries also charged a subscription fee. However, the fees were set to entice their patrons, providing subscriptions on a yearly, quarterly or monthly basis, without expecting the subscribers to purchase a share in the circulating library.Circulating libraries were not exclusively lending institutions and often provided a place for other forms of commercial activity, which may or may not be related to print. This was necessary because the circulating libraries did not generate enough funds through subscription fees collected from its borrowers. As a commercial venture, it was important to consider the contributing factors such as other goods or services available to the subscribers.Citation AnalysisCitation Analysis: When one author cites another author, a relationship is established. Citation analysis uses citations in scholarly works to establish that relationship (links). Many different links can be ascertained, such as links between authors, between scholarly works, between journals, between fields, or even between countries. Citations both from and to a certain document may be studied. The Science Citation Index began publication in 1961. One very common use of citation analysis is to determine the impact of a single author on a given field by counting the number of times the author has been cited by others. Citation indices, such as Institute for Scientific Information's Web of Science, allow users to search forward in time from a known article to more recent publications which cite the known item. Information scientists also use citation analysis to quantitatively assess the core journal. Google's PageRank is based on the principle of citation analysis. Other bibliometrics applications include: creating thesauri; measuring term frequencies; exploring grammatical and syntactical structures of texts. Data from citation indexes can be analyzed to determine the popularity and impact of specific articles, authors, and publications. However the limitation of citation analysis is that they are often incomplete or biased; data has been largely collected by hand (which is expensive), though citation indexes can also be used; incorrect citing of sources occurs continually; thus, further investigation is required to truly understand the rationale behind citing to allow it to be confidently applied. a) Co-citation Coupling: If papers A and B are both cited by paper C, they may be said to be related to one another, even though they don't directly cite each other. If papers A and B are both cited by many other papers, they have a stronger relationship. The more papers they are cited by, the stronger their relationship is. Co-citation coupling is a method used to establish a subject similarity between two documents. b) Bibliographic Coupling: Bibliographic coupling is the mirror image of co-citation coupling. Bibliographic coupling links two papers that cite the same articles, so that if papers A and B both cite paper C, they may be said to be related, even though they don't directly cite each other. The more papers they both cite, the stronger their relationship is.Cloud ComputingCloud Computing: In the traditional model of computing, both software and data are fully contained on the user’s computer, whereas in the cloud computing, the user’s computer may contain almost no software or data. They only need a minimal operating system and web browser to serve as a display terminal for processes occurring on a network of computers far away. So, the cloud computing refers to the provision of computational resources on demand via a computer network. The resources may be a application, database, file service, email etc. Learn Cloud ComputingLatest Training Program on Cloud Computing and Windows AzureIn case of cloud computing, the data are stored in the cloud instead of a local computer so multiple users can access and contribute to the projects simultaneously without worrying about using the same operating system, software, or browser. For example, instead of collaborating on a document by sending back and forth revision after revision as attachments, documents can be better stored in the cloud with Google Apps. Coworkers can access the web-based document simultaneously in their browsers, and even make changes that other authorized users can see in real-time. Eliminating attachment round-trips by storing data in the cloud saves time and reduces frustrations for teams who need to work together efficiently. Infrastructure Services provided by sify Data Centre Get a quote. Call us now! Collection DevelopmentCollection Development: The Library housekeeping operation or Technical works of a library handle those tasks associated with bringing materials into the library and making them ready for use for the general public or for the service population and thus include the job of identification, selection, acquisition, organization of the collection (classification and cataloguing) and preparation (labeling and others), covering, security processing, and/or distribution of materials. Within the purview of technical service also come such things as serials, binding / repair, copy cataloguing, original cataloguing, and gifts and exchange. A library, however large it may be, cannot store all the materials and all the users of a library will not be interested in all the materials kept in it. All the materials will not be used by all the users in a library. So, here arises the need of selection of library materials. The library collection development is the process of planning and acquiring a balanced collection of library materials of many formats, including books, periodicals, online resources, and other media. It is sometimes considered as synonymous to “Collection building”, which means that there are already nuclei of collection in the library and the librarian is going to build up the collection. But collection development is a term different from collection building, since the word “development” implies qualitative improvement of the collection, whereas building a collection is likely to mean the planned and systematic development of an already existing collection. It occasionally involves the selection and acquisition of materials, as said by Shipman. Harrod’s Librarian Glossary (6th edition) defines “collection development” as “the process of planning a stock acquisition programme not simply to cater for immediate needs but to build a coherent and reliable collection over a number of years, to meet the objective of the service”. The proliferation of publications in various physical formats made the exponential growth of literature and all these materials are the record of intellectual endeavours on one hand and on the other hand these are the vehicle of communication for transmission of information and knowledge. Since the basic purpose of the library is to facilitate the process of communication so all the above materials should be collected to help grow the library holding and to meet the ever increasing need and requirement of the users as far as possible. This continuous process of acquiring the reading material is known as collection development. Collection development is an expansion of book selection by enlarging the kinds of materials to which selection principles have been applied, making the collection a total holding at any particular point. It is also a process of maintaining a balanced, consistent and user responsive collection in the library. The process of collection development includes selection of current as well as retrospective material, weeding out of obsolete, irrelevant, unused and not-to-be-used materials. Evaluation of existing holding should be made for the identification of adequacy and gaps. The gaps should be filled according to the user’s need. Paul Mosher explains collection development as “a process that should constitute a rational documented programme guided by written policies and protocols and should reflect in sense a contrast between library users and library staff as to what will be acquired, for whom and at what level”. Collections are developed by librarians and library staff by buying or otherwise acquiring materials over a period of time, based on the assessment of the information needs of the library's users. In addition to ongoing materials acquisition, library collection development includes: i) The creation of policies to guide material selection. ii) Replacement of worn or lost materials. iii) Removal (weeding) of materials no longer needed in the collection. iv) Planning for new collections or collection areas. v) Cooperative decision-making with other libraries or within library consortia. a) Collection Development and Book Selection: The librarian knows that collection development begins with book selection. Some assume that they are same and the terms are interchangeable; others assume that collection development is a broader term for the same old job, namely, acquisition, but actually collection development is very much different from the term “book selection” both conceptually and operationally. The library collection and its development determine the nature and the characteristics of the library not only in the holding but in service pattern also. So the librarians should be acquainted with the user needs and requirements and the users should be requested to advise the librarian about their needs. In this way it is a two way job. b) Objectives of Collection Development: The main objectives of collection development are- i) A library should acquire and provide all the relevant reading materials to its clientele so that the basic function of the library are fulfilled from the vast amount of literature, which are also increasing day by day. ii) A library should acquire all other books on the related topics; iii) A library should contain all the reading materials pertaining to the history and culture of a particular country, city, place or institution as the case may be. c) Need of Book Selection: The need of book selection arises due to the following reasons- i) The world of book is so large that a library, however large and resourceful, cannot procure all the materials published and available in the market; ii) The library collection is meant for the user of a particular library so that library collection should commensurate with the need and requirement of the users; iii) The physical limitation of storage naturally imposes the necessity for selection. d) Factors that Influence Book Selection: Selection of the library materials is of prime importance in a library. The librarians with the concern of library staff and with the help of various user groups should perform the job of selection of the library material. In selection process the following factors should be considered:- i) The Library: The kind, objectives, size and goals of the library, specialization areas of the library; ii) Users: Need and demand, requirement and intellectual level of the users, the number of users; iii) Existing Holding: The number of books, its nature and characteristics which are already present in the collection; the merits of the books which are going to be selected; iv) Fund: The amount allotted for acquisition of books/journals. Directory: 2013 2013 -> Annual InStructional unit plan 2013 -> The Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine 2013 -> #1 a lifesafer of virginia inc 2013 -> Name(s): your name here team or Group #(if applicable): Professor’s name 2013 -> Alcott Local School Council (lcs) Meeting Minutes 2013 -> Table Of Contents introduction 2 2013 -> Supplemental demographic information 2013 -> 【Education&Working Experience】 Download 0.99 Mb. Share with your friends:
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