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(F) Kinds of Enterprise Plans
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| (F) Kinds of Enterprise Plans Number and kind of plans in any enterprise depends upon the organization setup. In an organization having number of divisions and functional departments and where overall planning is done at the headquarter level, the following kinds of plans are required. ii bDivisional Plans – these are programmes for individual division in an enterprise. iii bFunctional Plans – although, a plan is prepared for an organization, separate plans for each of the functional departments are also required to be prepared. iii) Regional Plans – these are plans concerning the activities of each region or zone. iv) Corporate Plans – these are plans prepared for the enterprise as a whole. A.7 The Planning Process (Steps in planning (a) Being Aware of Opportunities Although it precedes actual planning and is therefore, fnot strictly apart of the planning process, an awareness of opportunities in the external environment is the real starting point for planning. All managers should take a preliminary look at possible future opportunities and see them clearly and completely, know where they stand in the light of their strengths and weaknesses, understand what problems they wish to solve and why, and know what they expect to gain. Setting realistic objectives depends on this awareness. Planning requires a realistic analysis of the opportunities. (b) Establishing Objectives The second step in planning is to establish objectives for the entire enterprise and then for each work unit. This is to be done for the long term as well as in the short range. Objectives specify the expected results and indicate the endpoints of what is to be done, where the primary emphasis is to be placed, and what is to be accomplished by the network of strategies, policies, procedures, rules, budgets, and programmes. Enterprise objectives give direction to the major plans, which, by reflecting these objectives, define the objectives of every major department. Major departmental objectives, in turn, determine the objectives of units and subunits down the line. In other words, objectives form a hierarchy. Managers should also have the opportunity to contribute their ideas for setting their own goals and those of the enterprise. |